Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru
Uongofu
(pia:
Wongofu
, kutoka
kitenzi
kuongoa
) ni tendo la
hiari
la
mtu
la kubadilika upande wa
dini
au wa
madhehebu
, lakini pia upande wa
maadili
ili kuishi vizuri zaidi
[1]
[2]
. Uamuzi huo unaleta matokeo mengi, pengine makubwa katika
maisha
ya mhusika na
jamii
yake. Si wote wanafurahia uamuzi huo, hivyo pengine mtu atapatwa na
dhuluma
za namna mbalimbali.
Tamko la kimataifa la haki za binadamu
(n. 18) linasema: ≪Kila mmoja ana
haki
ya kuwa
huru
katika kuwaza, kufuata
dhamiri
yake na
dini
; haki hiyo inajumlisha haki ya kubadili dini au
imani
, na uhuru katika kujulisha, peke yake au pamoja na wengine, hadharani na katika mahusiano binafsi, dini yake au imani yake katika kufundisha, kutenda, kuabudu na kushika taratibu za
ibada
.≫
[3]
[4]
Pengine tendo la kubadilika linatazamwa upande hasi na kuitwa
uasi
na watu wa dini au madhehebu ambayo mhusika ameachana nayo.
Vilevile juhudi za kuongoa watu kama
umisionari
zinaweza kutazamwa upande hasi na kupingwa hata na
sheria
au
serikali
.
Ndiyo sababu mara nyingine ni vigumu kutekeleza vizuri hiyo haki ya binadamu.
- ↑
Stark, Rodney and Roger Finke. "Acts of Faith: Explaining the Human Side of Religion." University of California Press, 2000. p.114.
ISBN 978-0-520-22202-1
- ↑
Meintel, Deirdre. "When There Is No Conversion: Spiritualists and Personal Religious Change".
Anthropologica
.
49
(1): 149?162.
- ↑
Based on the declaration the
United Nations Commission on Human Rights
(UNCHR) drafted the
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
, a legally binding treaty. It states that "Everyone shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice" (Article 18.1). "No one shall be subject to coercion which would impair his freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice" (Article 18.2).
- ↑
The
UNCHR
issued a General Comment on this Article in 1993: "The Committee observes that the freedom to 'have or to adopt' a religion or belief necessarily entails the freedom to choose a religion or belief,
including the right to replace one's current religion or belief with another
or to adopt atheistic views [...] Article 18.2 bars coercion that would impair the right to have or adopt a religion or belief, including the use of threat of physical force or penal sanctions to compel believers or non-believers to adhere to their religious beliefs and congregations, to recant their religion or belief
or to convert
." (CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.4, General Comment No. 22.; emphasis added)
- Barker, Eileen
The Making of a Moonie: Choice or Brainwashing?
(1984)
- Barrett, D. V.
The New Believers: A survey of sects, cults and alternative religions
(2001) UK, Cassell & Co
ISBN 0-304-35592-5
- Buckser, A. S. and S. D. Glazier. eds.
The Anthropology of Religious Conversion
Roman and Littlefield,2003
- Cooper, Richard S. "The Assessment and Collection of Kharaj Tax in Medieval Egypt"
Journal of the American Oriental Society
, Vol. 96, No. 3. (Jul?Sep., 1976), pp. 365?382.
- Curtin, Phillip D.
Cross-Cultural Trade in World History
. Cambridge University Press, 1984.
- Hoiberg, Dale, and Indu Ramachandran.
Students' Britannica India
. Popular Prakashan, 2000.
- Idris, Gaefar,
Sheikh
.
The Process of Islamization
. Plainfield, Ind.: Muslim Students' Association of the U.S. and Canada, 1977. vi, 20 p. Without ISBN
- James, William,
The varieties of religious experience: a study in human nature
. Being the Gifford lectures on natural religion delivered at Edinburgh in 1901?1902; Longmans, Green & Co, New York (1902)
- Morris, Harold C., and Lin M. Morris. "Power and purpose: Correlates to conversion." Psychology: A Journal of Human Behavior, Vol 15(4), Nov?Dec 1978, 15?22.
- Rambo, Lewis R.
Understanding Religious Conversion
. Yale University Press, 1993.
- Rambo, Lewis R., & Farhadian, Charles.
Oxford Handbook of Religious Conversion
. Oxford University Press, 2014.
- Ramstedt, Martin.
Hinduism in Modern Indonesia: A Minority Religion Between Local, National, and Global Interests
. Routledge, 2004.
- Rawat, Ajay S.
StudentMan and Forests: The Khatta and Gujjar Settlements of Sub-Himalayan Tarai
. Indus Publishing, 1993.
- Vasu, Srisa Chandra
(1919),
The Catechism Of Hindu Dharma
, New York: Kessinger Publishing, LLC
- Jain, Vijay K. (2011),
Tattvarthsutra
(toleo la 1st), (Uttarakhand) India: Vikalp Printers,
ISBN
978-81-903639-2-1
,
Non-Copyright
- Sangave, Vilas Adinath (2001),
Aspects of Jaina religion
(toleo la 3rd), Bharatiya Jnanpith,
ISBN
81-263-0626-2
|
Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya sheria bado ni
mbegu
.
Je, unajua kitu kuhusu
Uongofu
kama historia yake au uhusiano wake na mada nyingine?
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