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Wahadzabe - Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru Nenda kwa yaliyomo

Wahadzabe

Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru
Wahadzabe
Maeneo ya uwindaji kwenye Serengeti .
Wahadzabe wakivuta bangi .
Wanaume wakirudi toka mawindoni.

Wahadzabe au Wahadza [1] [2] ni kabila la Tanzania linaloishi hasa kandokando ya Ziwa Eyasi kwenye Bonde la Ufa na katika uwanda jirani wa Serengeti .

Leo Wahadza hawafikii 1,000: [3] [4] kati yao 300?400 wanaishi bado kwa kuwinda na kuchuma vyakula bila uzalishaji , kama waliofanya mababu wao tangu awali. [5]

Wahadza hawana undugu wa karibu na kabila lingine lolote, na vilevile lugha yao ni ya pekee kabisa. [6] [7] [8]

Tanbihi [ hariri | hariri chanzo ]

  1. In the Hadza language , Hadzabe'e is the feminine plural form of Hadza . The Hadza call themselves the Hadzabe'e and their language Hadzane . Other spellings are Hadzapi ('they are Hadza men') and Hatsa ; other ethnonyms applied to them include Tindiga (Watindiga), Kindiga, Kangeju, and Wahi . In current English usage, Hadza is the most commonly used term.
  2. Marlowe 2010 , p. 15
  3. Marlowe 2010 , p. 13
  4. Marlowe 2005 (see online )
  5. Marlowe 2010 , pp. 17?18; 285?286
  6. Lee 1999 , p. 200
  7. Sands, Bonny E. (1998) 'The Linguistic Relationship between Hadza and Khoisan' In Schladt, Matthias (ed.) Language, Identity, and Conceptualization among the Khoisan (Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung Vol. 15), Koln: Rudiger Koppe, 265–283.
  8. Ndagala & Zengu 1994

Marejeo [ hariri | hariri chanzo ]

  • Apicella, C .L., & Feinberg, D. Voice pitch alters mate-choice relevant perception in hunter-gatherers. Proceedings of the Royal Society, B, 276, 1077-1082.
  • Apicella, C. L., Little, A.C. & Marlowe, F.W. Averageness and attractiveness in an isolated population of hunter-gatherers. Perception, 36, 1813-1820.
  • Blench, Roger (7?9 July 2008). "Hadza Animal Names" (PDF). 3rd International Khoisan Workshop. Riezlern.
  • Crittenden, A.N. (2011). "The Importance of Honey Consumption in Human Evolution" (pdf) . Food and Foodways . 19 : 257?273. doi : 10.1080/07409710.2011.630618 .
  • Crittenden, A.N. (2008). "Allomaternal Care among the Hadza of Tanzania" (pdf) . Human Nature . 19 . Marlowe, F.W.: 249?263. doi : 10.1007/s12110-008-9043-3 .
  • Diamond, J. (1997). "Chapter 6". Guns, germs and steel: the fates of human societies . New York, NY: Norton. ISBN   0-393-03891-2 . {{ cite book }} : Invalid |ref=harv ( help )
  • Heller, Hartmut & Keulig, Steffen. (1999) (streamed video). Hadzabe ? Die letzten Wildbeuter Ostafrikas . [Documentary]. Freunde der Naturvolker e.V. (fPcN Germany) . http://vimeo.com/58452890 . A film (43 min) in German about this people and their struggle for survival.
  • Kohl-Larsen, Ludwig (1956a). Das Elefantenspiel. Mythen, Riesen und Stammessagen. Volkserzahlungen der Tindiga . Das Gesicht der Volker (kwa German). Eisenach ? Kassel: Erich Roth-Verlag. {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: unrecognized language ( link ) The book is a collection of Hadza myths about giants, also some tribal myths about cultural heroes, and anecdotal tales.
  • Lee, Richard B. (1999). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers . Daly, Richard Heywood. Cambridge University Press . ISBN   0-521-57109-X . {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: ref duplicates default ( link )
  • Marlowe, F.W. (2005). "Mate preferences among Hadza hunter-gatherers" (pdf) . Human Nature . 15 : 364?375.
  • Marlowe, F. W. (2010). The Hadza: Hunter-Gatherers of Tanzania . Berkeley: Univ. California Press. ISBN   978-0-520-25342-1 . {{ cite book }} : Invalid |ref=harv ( help )
  • Ndagala, D. K.; Zengu, N. (1994). "From the raw to the cooked: Hadzabe perceptions of their past". Katika Robert Layton (mhr.). Who needs the past?: indigenous values and archaeology . London: Routledge. ku. 51?56. ISBN   0-415-09558-1 . {{ cite book }} : Invalid |ref=harv ( help )
  • McCrummen, Stephanie. " 50,000 Years of Resilience May Not Save Tribe ", Washington Post , 2007-06-10, p. A01. Retrieved on 2007-09-15.  
  • Survival International. " Hadzabe celebrate land victory ", 6 November 2007. Retrieved on 3 May 2011.  
  • doi : 10.1093/molbev/msm155
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Marejeo mengine [ hariri | hariri chanzo ]

  • Crittenden, Alyssa and Frank Marlowe (2008) Allomaternal Care among the Hadza of Tanzania. Human Nature: An Interdisciplinary Biosocial Perspective 19(3): 249-262.
  • Finkel, M. (Desemba 2009). "The Hadza" . National Geographic Magazine . Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2009-11-21 . Iliwekwa mnamo 2014-09-14 . {{ cite journal }} : Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored ( |url-status= suggested) ( help ) CS1 maint: date auto-translated ( link )
  • Kohl-Larsen, Ludwig (1956). Das Zauberhorn. Marchen und Tiergeschichten der Tindiga (kwa German). Kassel: Erich Roth. {{ cite book }} : Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored ( |trans-title= suggested) ( help ) CS1 maint: unrecognized language ( link )
  • Woodburn, James (1969). "An Introduction to Hadza Ecology". Katika Lee, Richard B. ; DeVore, Irven ; Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research (whr.). Man the Hunter (toleo la 11th). Aldine Transaction. ku. 49?55. ISBN   0-202-33032-X . {{ cite book }} : External link in |chapterurl= ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored ( |chapter-url= suggested) ( help )
  • Madsen, Andrew (2000). The Hadzabe of Tanzania: land and human rights for a hunter-gatherer community . Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA). ISBN   87-90730-26-7 .
  • Matthiessen, Peter (1972) The Tree Where Man Was Born , Chapter X.
  • Wood, Brian and Frank Marlowe (2011) Dynamics of postmarital among the Hadza: a kin investment model. Human Nature: An Interdisciplinary Biosocial Perspective. DOI 10.1007/s12110-011-9109-5

Viungo vya nje [ hariri | hariri chanzo ]

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