From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
is awarded by the
Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
. It awards people who have made progress in the scientific area of
chemistry
, those who have worked hard to learn more and have succeeded.
The Prize is given every year. It is just one of many
Nobel Prizes
. A famous winner of this prize was
Marie Curie
. She won the prize in 1911 after she discovered
radium
with her husband
Pierre
. She was the first person to win the prize twice; the first time was for
physics
in 1903.
- 1980 -
Paul Berg
,
Walter Gilbert
,
Frederick Sanger
- 1981 -
Kenichi Fukui
,
Roald Hoffmann
for
Isolobal Principle
- 1982 -
Aaron Klug
- 1983 -
Henry Taube
- 1984 -
Bruce Merrifield
- 1985 -
Herbert Hauptman
,
Jerome Karle
- 1986 -
Dudley Herschbach
,
Yuan Lee
,
John Polanyi
- 1987 -
Donald Cram
,
Jean-Marie Lehn
,
Charles Pedersen
- 1988 -
Johann Deisenhofer
,
Robert Huber
,
Hartmut Michel
- 1989 -
Sidney Altman
,
Thomas Cech
- 2000 ?
Alan Heeger
,
Alan G. MacDiarmid
,
Hideki Shirakawa
for their discovery and development of
conductive polymers
.
[3]
- 2001 ?
William S. Knowles
,
Ryoji Noyori
, for their work on
chirally
catalysed hydrogenation reactions.,
[4]
K. Barry Sharpless
for his work on chirally catalysed oxidation reactions.
[4]
- 2002 ?
John B. Fenn
and
Koichi Tanaka
for their work on
mass spectrometry
.
[5]
Kurt Wuthrich
for ways to study biological macromolecules with
nuclear magnetic resonance
(NMR).
[5]
- 2003 ?
Peter Agre
for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for the discovery of
water channels
.
[6]
Roderick MacKinnon
for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for structural and mechanistic studies of potassium
ion channels
.
[6]
- 2004 ?
Aaron Ciechanover
,
Avram Hershko
,
Irwin Rose
for the discovery of
ubiquitin
-mediated protein degradation.
[7]
- 2005 ?
Yves Chauvin
,
Robert Grubbs
,
Richard Schrock
for metal-catalyzed
alkene metathesis
.
[8]
- 2006 ?
Roger Kornberg
for studying
eukaryote
transcription
.
[9]
- 2007 ?
Gerhard Ertl
for
surface science
and for discovering how
crystals
react to experiments.
[10]
- 2008 ?
Osamu Shimomura
,
Martin Chalfie
,
Roger Tsien
for the discovery and development of the
green fluorescent protein
, GFP.
[11]
- 2009 ?
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
,
Thomas Steitz
,
Ada Yonath
for studies of the structure and function of the
ribosome
.
[12]