Mamie Eisenhower
|
---|
Official portrait, 1954
|
|
|
In role
January 20, 1953 ? January 20, 1961
|
President
| Dwight D. Eisenhower
|
---|
Preceded by
| Bess Truman
|
---|
Succeeded by
| Jacqueline Kennedy
|
---|
|
|
Born
| Mary Geneva Doud
(
1896-11-14
)
November 14, 1896
Boone, Iowa
, U.S.
|
---|
Died
| November 1, 1979
(1979-11-01)
(aged 82)
Walter Reed Army Medical Center
,
Washington, D.C.
, U.S.
|
---|
Resting place
| Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home
|
---|
Political party
| Republican
|
---|
Spouse(s)
| |
---|
Children
| |
---|
Mary Geneva Doud Eisenhower
(November 14, 1896 ? November 1, 1979) was the
first lady of the United States
from 1953 to 1961 as the wife of the 34th president of the United States,
Dwight D. Eisenhower
.
As first lady, Eisenhower managed the expenses and schedules of the
White House
. She closely managed the staff, the White House budgeting throughout her tenure.
Eisenhower was popular as first lady, and was regarded as a fashion icon. She was known her stylish hair bangs and wearing the color
pink
.
Mary Geneva Doud was born on November 14, 1896, in
Boone, Iowa
. She was the second child of John Sheldon Doud and his wife Elivera Mathilda Carlson.
[2]
Her mother was a daughter of Swedish immigrants.
[3]
Her father ran a meatpacking company until he retired at age 36.
Doud had three sisters named Eleanor Carlson Doud, Eda Mae Doud and Mabel Frances Doud.
[2]
She was sent to
Wolcott School for Girls
to finish school.
[3]
Doud began dating Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1915, when he was a
second lieutenant
. They were introduced to each other while her family was visiting a friend at
Fort Sam Houston
.
[4]
They got engaged on
Valentine's Day
, on February 14, 1916. They later got married on July 1, 1916, in
Denver, Colorado
. Their first, Doud Eisenhower, was born on September 24, 1917. He later died of
scarlet fever
at 3 years old on January 2, 1921. Their second son,
John Eisenhower
, was born in Denver on August 3, 1922.
[5]
Eisenhower became the
first lady of the United States
when her husband was sworn in as the 34th president on January 20, 1953. As first lady, Eisenhower was mostly interested in social issues, including women's issues and civil rights. She desired to see women elected to Congress, and sponsored several women's clubs. She also invited Black women to the White House, including
Marian Anderson
and the
National Council of Negro Women
.
[6]
Eisenhower also supported include soldiers' benefits,
civil defense
,
blood drives
, and the
United Nations
. After her husband's heart attack, she chaired fundraising for the
American Heart Association
.
[7]
Eisenhower was highly active during the
Christmas season
and she had the White House heavily decorated for the holiday and bought gifts for the White House staff.
[8]
In 1958, she was the first person to start
Halloween
decorations for the White House.
[9]
Eisenhower was known for her sense of fashion, and many women were influenced by her style.
[10]
The
New York Dress Institute
named her one of the 12 best-dressed women every year that she was first lady. Her style was known as the "Mamie Look", as she wore full-skirted dresses, pink gloves, charm bracelets, pearls, little hats, purses, bobbed banged hair.
[10]
[11]
[12]
She owned many cosmetics and perfumes, and often visited a beauty spa to maintain her appearance.
[13]
Eisenhower's love of the color pink, often called "First Lady" or "Mamie" pink and later started kicked a national trend for pink clothing, housewares, and bathrooms.
[11]
[14]
[15]
Eisenhower had a stroke on September 25, 1979 and she was rushed to
Walter Reed Army Medical Center
. Eisenhower remained in the hospital, and she died in her sleep on the morning of November 1, 1979, she was 82 years old.
[16]
A memorial service was held in the
Fort Myer
chapel on November 5 and she was later buried beside her husband in
Abilene, Kansas
.
[17]
Eisenhower's birthplace is open to the public and operated by the Mamie Doud Eisenhower Foundation.
[18]
She was inducted into the
Colorado Women's Hall of Fame
in 1985.
[19]
- ↑
2.0
2.1
Tatanka Historical Associates (February 25, 2005).
"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form"
(PDF)
.
www.coloradohistory-oahp.org
. Colorado Historical Society Office of Archeology & Historic Preservation. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on August 16, 2006
. Retrieved
February 4,
2009
.
- ↑
3.0
3.1
Watson, Robert P. (2001). "Mary Geneva "Mamie" Doud Eisenhower".
First Ladies of the United States
. Lynne Rienner Publishers. pp. 231?236.
doi
:
10.1515/9781626373532
.
ISBN
978-1-62637-353-2
.
S2CID
249333854
.
- ↑
Cite error: The named reference
:92
was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the
help page
).
- ↑
Cite error: The named reference
:023
was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the
help page
).
- ↑
Cite error: The named reference
:025
was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the
help page
).
- ↑
Cite error: The named reference
:53
was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the
help page
).
- ↑
Cite error: The named reference
:94
was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the
help page
).
- ↑
"What Halloween Was Like the Year You Were Born"
.
countryliving.com
. Country Living. September 29, 2016
. Retrieved
October 12,
2016
.
- ↑
10.0
10.1
Cite error: The named reference
:95
was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the
help page
).
- ↑
11.0
11.1
Cite error: The named reference
:043
was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the
help page
).
- ↑
Pous, Terri.
"Our Fair Ladies: The 14 Most Fashionable First Ladies"
.
Time
.
ISSN
0040-781X
. Retrieved
July 5,
2016
.
- ↑
Cite error: The named reference
:026
was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the
help page
).
- ↑
Jennifer Wright (March 20, 2015).
"How Pink Became a Color for Girls"
.
Racked
.
- ↑
Peril, Lynn (October 17, 2002).
Pink Think: Becoming a Woman in Many Uneasy Lessons
. W. W. Norton & Company.
ISBN
9780393349931
.
- ↑
"Biography: Mamie Doud Eisenhower"
.
dwightdeisenhower.com
. Dwight D. Eisenhower Foundation. Archived from
the original
on December 26, 2008
. Retrieved
January 9,
2009
.
- ↑
"Mrs. Eisenhower Quietly Buried At General's Memorial in Kansas"
.
The New York Times
. November 4, 1979.
ISSN
0362-4331
. Retrieved
October 3,
2022
.
- ↑
"Mamie Doud Eisenhower Birthplace to reopen"
.
The Ogden Reporter
. June 30, 2021
. Retrieved
October 4,
2022
.
- ↑
"Mamie Doud Eisenhower"
.
Colorado Women's Hall of Fame
. Retrieved
December 2,
2019
.