Johor
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State and Occupied Territories of Johor, the Abode of Dignity
Negeri dan Jajahan Takluk Johor Darul Ta'zim
???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???????????
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Jawi
| ????
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?
Chinese
| 柔佛
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?
Tamil
| ??????
Jok?r
(
Transliteration
)
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![Flag of Johor](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Johor.svg/100px-Flag_of_Johor.svg.png) Flag
![Coat of arms of Johor](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Coat_of_arms_of_Johor.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Johor.svg.png) Coat of arms
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Nickname(s):
Darul Ta'zim
[1]
???????????
Abode of Dignity
[2]
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Motto(s):
Kepada
Allah
Berserah
[1]
??? ???? ??????
To Allah We Surrender
[1]
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Anthem:
Lagu Bangsa Johor
???? ???? ????
Johor State Anthem
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Coordinates:
1°59′27″N
103°28′58″E
/
1.99083°N 103.48278°E
/
1.99083; 103.48278
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Capital
(and largest city)
| Johor Bahru
[a
]
[3]
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Royal capital
| Muar
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? Type
| Parliamentary
constitutional monarchy
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Sultan
| Ibrahim Ismail
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Regent
| Tunku Ismail
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Menteri Besar
| Onn Hafiz Ghazi
(
BN
-
UMNO
)
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? Total
| 19,166 km
2
(7,400 sq mi)
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Highest elevation
| 1,276 m (4,186 ft)
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? Total
| 4,009,670 (
2nd
)
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? Density
| 209.2/km
2
(542/sq mi)
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Demonym
| Johorean / Johorian
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? Ethnic composition
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? Dialects
| Johor-Riau Malay •
Terengganu Malay
•
Jakun
•
Duano'
•
Orang Seletar
Other
ethnic minority languages
[
broken anchor
]
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?
HDI
(2019)
| 0.825 (
very high
) (
6th
)
[6]
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TFR
(2017)
| 2.1
[4]
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?
GDP
(2021)
| RM
131.1 billion,
USD
29.26 billion
[4]
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?
GDP per capita
(2021)
| RM
32,696,
USD
7,297
[4]
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Time zone
| UTC+8
(
MST
[7]
)
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Postal code
| 79xxx
[8]
to 86xxx,
[9]
73400
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Calling code
| 07
[b
]
06 (Muar and Tangkak)
[10]
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ISO 3166 code
| MY-01, 21?24
[11]
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Vehicle registration
| J
[12]
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Johor Sultanate
| 1528
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Anglo?Johor Treaty
| 1885
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Johore State Constitution
| 14 April 1895
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British protectorate
| 1914
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Japanese occupation
| 31 January 1942
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Accession into the
Federation of Malaya
| 1948
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Independence as part of the Federation of Malaya
| 31 August 1957
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Federated as part of
Malaysia
| 16 September 1963
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Website
| www
.johor
.gov
.my
![Edit this at Wikidata](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png) |
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^[a]
Kota Iskandar
,
Iskandar Puteri
is the state administrative centre and the seat of the Johor state government (
executive branch
&
legislative branch
). However,
Johor Bahru
remains the official capital of the Johor state.
^[b]
Except
Muar
and
Tangkak
.
|
Johor
(last time known as
Johore
,
Jawi
script: ????) is a state of
Malaysia
. It is one of the most developed states in Malaysia. The capital city and royal seat of Johor is
Johor Bahru
, once known as Tanjung Puteri. The old state capital is Johor Lama. The Arabic honorific of the state is
Darul Ta'zim
("Abode of Dignity'). Johor is surrounded by
Pahang
to the north,
Melaka
and
Negeri Sembilan
to the northwest, and the
Straits of Johor
to the south which is divided by the international border between Malaysia and the
Republic of Singapore
.
Tanjung Piai
, in the district of
Pontian
, is the most southerly point of
mainland Asia
.
The name "Johor" came from the Arabic word
Jauhar
, 'gem/precious stone' . Before the name Johor was taken up, the area south of the
Muar River
to
Singapore
island was known as
Ujung Tanah
or 'land's end' in Malay, due to its location at the end of the
Malay Peninsula
. Coincidentally, Johor is the most southerly point of the
Asian continental mainland
.
Johor has three ports:
Pasir Gudang
Port,
Port of Tanjung Pelepas
and
Tanjung Langsat Port
.
Senai International Airport
Johor has one international airport, the
Senai International Airport
in Senai. It was opened on 6 June 1974 and has been expanded several times ever since. Currently, it has a 5 million passenger capacity with parallel taxiway under construction.
The airport is also a regional
hub
of
AirAsia
, a regional low-cost no-frills airline.
Malaysia Airlines
also operate flights from Senai airport to some local and international destinations.
Districts of Johor
Johor is a
constitutional monarchy
. It was the first state in Malaysia which adopted the constitutional monarchy system, and its laws are stated in
Undang-undang Tubuh Negeri Johor
(Johor State Establishment Constitution), written by
Sultan Abu Bakar
. The constitutional head of Johor is the
Sultan
. This position can only be passed down and held by a member of the
Johor Royal Family
, who is descended from
Sultan Abu Bakar
. The State's Sultan since 1981 has been
Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj
.
Johor was the first state and currently the only state in Malaysia that has its own military force called Johor Military Force or 'Timbalan Setia Negeri'. It is a private army of the Sultan of Johor paid by the state government.
Johor Chief Minister's Office
Johor State Legislative Assembly
The state government is led by the Chief Minister or Menteri Besar. The current Chief Minister is Dato' Abdul Ghani Othman, a former civil servant. The Chief Minister is assisted by an executive council (exco), whose members are selected from the state assembly members.
The legislative branch of Johor's government is the
Johor State Assembly
. The state assembly makes laws in matters on the state. Members of the assembly are elected every five years in an election.
Among the popular tourist destinations in Johor are:
- Desaru
- beaches & golf courses along the South China Sea
- Johor Bahru
- shopping, night market, colonial/royal district
- Endau Rompin National Park
- pristine jungle
- Kota Tinggi
34 meter waterfall.
- Kukup
- a fishing village with seafood restaurants built over water
- Muar
- picturesque riverside town
- Seribuat Archipelago
- islands with beautiful beaches, coral reefs
- Tanjung Piai
- the southernmost tip of mainland Asia
- Danga Bay
- waterfront city
- Pekan Air Panas
- hot springs,waterfall,local fruits available
- Kota Iskandar
- administrative capital of Johor
National parks and forest reserves
[
change
|
change source
]
Johor is also known for its national parks. Johor currently has five national parks, with a combined area of more than 700 km² and several smaller recreational forest. Almost all recreational parks are based around a mountain. Johor also has the third largest mangrove forest reserve in Peninsular Malaysia (167 km²).
In the official census of 2010, the population of Johor was 3.35 million people with 48% Malays, 40% Chinese, 8% Indians and 4% others. It is the fifth largest state (18,984 km²) of
Malaysia
. It is the southernmost state in
Peninsular Malaysia
being South of
Melaka
,
Negeri Sembilan
and
Pahang
and North of
Straits of Johor
. The highest point in Johor is Gunung (mountain) Ledang (1276 m). Gunung Ledang is also known as Mount Ophir. Johor is the only state in Malaysia which has a 400 km beach stretching on both the East and the West coast.
Johor has 8 large islands with numerous smaller ones.
- Pulau Tinggi
- Pulau Rawa
- Pulau Sibu
- Pulau Tengah
- Pulau Pemanggil
- Pulau Aur
- Pulau Besar
- Pulau Lima
Johor experiences wet equatorial weather with monsoon rain from Nov until Feb blowing from the
South China Sea
. Average annual rainfall is 1778 mm with average temperature of between 25.5 °C (78 °F) and 27.8 °C (82 °F). Humidity is between 82 and 86%.
On
19 December
2006, continuously heavy downpour occurred in Johor. Many towns such as
Muar
,
Kota Tinggi
and
Segamat
were seriously flooded with water levels as high as 10 feet (3.0 m) above ground level recorded in some areas. 15 lives were lost and many possessions were destroyed and this resulted in huge financial losses in Johor. More than 100,000 victims were evacuated to flood relief centres.
Johor is connected to
Singapore
by two roads: the
Johor-Singapore Causeway
and the
Malaysia-Singapore Second Link
.
The
Johor-Singapore Causeway
(length: 1038 m) was designed by Messrs Coode, Fizmaurice, Wilson and Mitchell of
Westminster
, while the construction contract was awarded to Topham, Jones & Railton Ltd of
London
. It started in 1909 as a railway link by Johor State Railway to connect Johor Bahru to Singapore, then the administrative headquarters of British interests in South-East Asia. Construction of the road section started in 1919 and was completed in 1923.
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