Suiko
|
---|
|
|
Reign
| 593?15 April 628
|
---|
Predecessor
| Sushun
|
---|
Successor
| Jomei
|
---|
Born
| 554
|
---|
Died
| 628
|
---|
Burial
| Shinaga no Yamada no misasagi
(Osaka)
|
---|
Empress Suiko
(
推古天皇
,
Suiko-
tenn?
)
(554?628) was the 33rd
Emperor of Japan
,
[1]
according to the traditional
order of succession
.
[2]
Her
reign
started in 593 and ended in 628.
[3]
Historians consider details about the life of Empress Suiko to be
possibly
legendary
, but
probable
.
[4]
The name Suiko
-tenn?
was
created
for her
posthumously
by later
generations
.
The
conventionally
accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be
confirmed
as "traditional" until the reign of
Emperor Kammu
, who was the 50th
monarch
of the
Yamato dynasty
.
[5]
In the
history of Japan
, Suiko was the first of eight women to be empress. The seven others were: (a)
K?gyoku/Saimei
, (b)
Jit?
, (c)
Gemmei
, (d)
Gensh?
, (e)
K?ken/Sh?toku
, (f)
Meish?
, and (g)
Go-Sakuramachi
.
Suiko was the third daughter of
Emperor Kimmei
. She was the half-sister of
Emperor Y?mei
and
Emperor Sushun
.
Suiko was also a wife of
Emperor Bidatsu
.
When Suiko became empress, she ended a power struggle for the throne after the deaths of emperors who were her brothers.
Prince Sh?toku
was the most important man in Suko's court.
In 599, an
earthquake
destroyed buildings in
Yamato province
which is now known as
Nara Prefecture
.
[8]
The reign of this empress was marked by the opening of relations with the
Sui
court in 600.
The use of the
Sexegenary cycle
calendar (
Jikkan J?nishi
) in Japan is credited to Empress Suiko in 604.
[9]
- 604
: In the 12 year of Suiko's reign (the
Suiko period
), Japan organized its earliest Imperial calendar.
[10]
Suiko ruled for 35 years. She abdicated in 628.
[11]
Suiko died in 628.
[11]
This empress' official name after her death (her
posthumous name
) was
regularized
only after death. Her reign name means "to reason from antiquity."
[12]
The actual site of Suiko's
grave
is known.
[1]
This empress is traditionally
venerated
at a
memorial
Shinto
shrine
(
misasagi
) at Osaka.
[1]
The
Imperial Household Agency
designates this location as Suiko's
mausoleum
. It is formally named
Shinaga no Yamada no misasagi
.
[13]
- ↑
1.0
1.1
1.2
Imperial Household Agency
(
Kunaich?
):
推古天皇 (33)
- ↑
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959).
The Imperial House of Japan,
p. 48.
- ↑
Titsingh, Isaac
. (1834).
Annales des empereurs du Japon,
pp. 39-42; Brown, Delmer
et al.
(1979).
Gukansh?,
pp. 263-264; Varley, H. Paul. (1980).
Jinn? Sh?t?ki,
pp. 126-129; Nussbaum, Louis-Frederic et al. (2002). "Traditional order of Tenn?" in
Japan encyclopedia,
pp. 962-963.
- ↑
Kelly, Charles F.
"Kofun Culture,"
Japanese Archaeology.
April 27, 2009; retrieved 2011-10-18.
- ↑
Aston, William George
. (1896).
Nihongi,
pp. 109.
- ↑
Titsingh, p. 39; Brown, pp. 263-264; Varley, p. 126-127.
- ↑
Varley, p. 44; compare
Imperial Household Agency
(
Kunaich?
),
Ceremony of Accession (
Sokui-no-Rei
)
; retrieved 2011-12-23.
- ↑
Hammer, Joshua. (2006).
Yokohama Burning: The Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II,
p. 62-63.
- ↑
Nussbaum, Louis-Frederic. (2005). "
Jikkan J?nishi
" in
Japan Encyclopedia
, p. 420.
- ↑
National Diet Library (NDL), "The Japanese Calendar",
"Calendar history/The Source"
; NengoCalc,
"(596) 推古 Suiko"
Archived
2016-08-13 at the
Wayback Machine
; online conversion of Japanese dates into their Western equivalents. based on tables from Paul Yachita Tsuchihashi. (1952).
Japanese Chronological Tables from 601 to 1872 A. D.
(
邦?西??照表
)
and Reinhard Zollner (2003),
Japanische Zeitrechnung
; retrieved 2012-11-14.
- ↑
11.0
11.1
Nussbaurm,
"Suiko Tenn?" in
Japan Encyclopedia
, p. 910
.
- ↑
Aston, William George
. (1895),
Nihongi,
p. 121.
- ↑
Ponsonby-Fane, p. 420.
Media related to
Empress Suiko
at Wikimedia Commons