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(
August 2013
)
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The
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(
DSM
) is a guide to grouping
mental disorders
. It is
published
by the
American Psychiatric Association
. It is used in the
United States
and around the world by
doctors
, researchers, health
insurance
companies, companies which make medicine, and others.
There have been five revisions since it was first published in 1952. Each time, more mental disorders were added, although some have been removed and are no longer seen as mental disorders. An example of this is homosexuality.
The manual was developed from systems for collecting
census
and
psychiatric hospital
statistics
, and from a manual written by the
US Army
. A lot of changes were made to it in 1980. The last time it was greatly changed was the fourth edition ("'
DSM-IV'
"), published in 1994, but small changes to text were made in a 2000 version. The fifth edition ("DSM-5") was published May 2013.
The DSM has been criticized for being too influenced by the drug industry.
The
International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
, ICD, has a section about mental and behavioral disorders which is different from the DSM. The ICD, not the DSM, is the system used by the United States government.
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