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Systematic ( IUPAC ) name
( S )-3-[1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine
Clinical data
Trade names	Nicorette, Nicotrol
AHFS / Drugs.com	Monograph
Pregnancy cat.	D ( AU ) D ( US )
Legal status	Pharmacy Only (S2) ( AU ) GSL ( UK ) OTC ( US )
Dependence liability	High
Routes	Inhalation ; Insufflation ; Oral – Buccal, Sublingual, and Ingestion; Transdermal ; Rectal ,
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	20 to 45% (oral), 53% (intranasal), 68% (transdermal)
Protein binding	<5%
Metabolism	Hepatic
Half-life	1-2 hours; 20 hours active metabolite (cotinine)
Excretion	Urine (10-20% (gum), pH-dependent; 30% (inhaled); 10-30% (intranasal))
Identifiers
CAS number	54-11-5   Y [ ?? ]
ATC code	N07 BA01 ???????:ATCvet
PubChem	CID 89594
IUPHAR ligand	2585
DrugBank	DB00184
ChemSpider	80863   Y
UNII	6M3C89ZY6R   Y
KEGG	D03365   Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:18723   Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL3   Y
Chemical data
Formula	C 10 H 14 N 2
Mol. mass	162.12 g/mol
SMILES CN(CCC1)[C@@H]1C2=CC=CN=C2
InChI InChI=1S/C10H14N2/c1-12-7-3-5-10(12)9-4-2-6-11-8-9/h2,4,6,8,10H,3,5,7H2,1H3/t10-/m0/s1   Y Key:SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N   Y
Physical data
Density	1.01 g/cm³
Melt. point	-79 °C (-110 °F)
Boiling point	247 °C (477 °F)
N   (what is this?)    (verify)

Nicotine is a potent parasympathomimetic alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants ( Solanaceae ) and a stimulant drug . It is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist . It is made in the roots and accumulates in the leaves of the plants. It constitutes approximately 0.6?3.0% of the dry weight of tobacco ^[1] and is present in the range of 2?7 μg/kg of various edible plants. ^[2] It functions as an antiherbivore chemical ; consequently, nicotine was widely used as an insecticide in the past ^{[3] [4]}

1. ↑ "Smoking and Tobacco Control Monograph No. 9" (PDF) . ??????????? 2012-12-19 .
2. ↑ "Determination of the Nicotine Content of Various Edible Nightshades (Solanaceae) and Their Products and Estimation of the Associated Dietary Nicotine Intake" . ??????????? 2008-10-05 .
3. ↑ Rodgman, Alan; Perfetti, Thomas A. (2009). The chemical components of tobacco and tobacco smoke . Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN   1-4200-7883-6 . LCCN   2008018913 . ^{[ page needed ]}
4. ↑ Ujvary, Istvan (1999). "Nicotine and Other Insecticidal Alkaloids". In Yamamoto, Izuru; Casida, John (eds.). Nicotinoid Insecticides and the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor . Tokyo: Springer-Verlag. pp. 29?69.