Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronest
(
15t August
1771
-
21st September
1832
) wis a kenspeckle
Scots
historical novellist an makar that wis gey popular oothrou
Europe
in his time. In some weys, Scott wis the first
Inglis
language writer tae hae a truly internaitional career in his lifetime, wi mony contemporar readers aw ower Europe,
Australie
an
North Americae
. His novelles an musardry is still read the day, an mony o his warks bides clessics o baith Inglis-leid leeteratur an Scots leeteratur. Weel kent warks o his includes
Ivanhoe
,
Rob Roy
,
Marmion
,
Waverley
an
The Heart of Midlothian
.
Born in Colledge Wynd in the
Auld Toun
o
Edinburgh
in 1771, the son o a soleeciter, the young Walter Scott won throu a bairnheid bout o polio in 1773 that left him a lamiter aw his days. Tae hulp wi his lameness, he wis sent thon year tae bide in the landwart
Mairches
at his grandpaurents' ferm at Saundyknowe, no faur frae the rauchle o Smailholm Touer, the umwhile faimily hame. Here he wis leared tae read by his aunt Jenny, an learned frae the dialect on mony o the dytes an legends that chairacterized mony o his best kent warks. In Januar 1775 he retoured tae Edinburgh, an thon simmer gaed wi his aunt Jenny tae tak spa treatment at Bath in
Ingland
. In the winter o 1776 he gaed back tae Saundyknow, wi crack at a watter cure bein made at Prestonpans the follaein simmer.
In 1778 Scott retoured tae Edinburgh for private
eddication
tae mak him ready for the schuil, an in October 1779 he stairtit at the Ryal Hie Schuil o Edinburgh. He wis weel able tae walk the nou, an splore the ceety as weel as the landwart pairts aboot it. His readin includit chivalric romances, musradry, history an vaigin beuks. He wis gien private tuition by James Mitchell in arithmatic an writin, an learned frae him the history o the
Kirk
wi emphasis on the
Covenanters
. Efter feenishin schuil he wis sent tae bide for sax month wi his aunt Jenny in
Kelsae
, gaein tae the local ott begoud studyin clessics at the
Varsity o Edinburgh
in November 1783, whan he wis juist twal year auld, sae he wis a year or twa younger nor maist o the ithir scholars. In Mairch 1786 he begoud a prenticeship at his faither's office, for tae become Writer tae the Signet. While at the varsity Scott becam a freend o Aidam Ferguson, the son o Professor Aidam Ferguson, that hostit leeterar salons. Scott met wi the blind makar Thomas Blacklock that lent him beuks as weel as introducin him tae
James Macpherson
's
Ossian
cycle o poems. Durin the winter o 1786-87 the fifteen year auld Scott saw
Robert Burns
in ane o thir salons, for whit wis tae be their ae meetin. Whan Burns noticed a prent illustratin the poem
The Justice of the Peace
an speired wha haed written the poem, anely Scott coud tell him it wis by John Langhorne, an wis thankit by Burns. Whan it wis decidit that he wad become a lawer he retoured tae the varsity tae study law, first takkin clesses in Moral Philosophy an Universal History in 1789-90.
Efter feenishin his studies in law, he becam a lawer in Edinburgh. As a lawer's clerk he made his first veesit tae the
Hielands
, directin an eveection. He wis admeetit tae the Faculty o Advocates in 1792.
At the eild o twinty-five he begoud tryin his haund at scrievin, pittin warks ower frae
German
, his first publication bein rhymed versions o ballants by Burger in 1796. Syne he set furth a three-vollum set o Scots ballants that he'd ingaithert,
The Minstrelsy of the the Scottish Border
. This wis the first shaw o his intrest in Scots history frae a leeterar staundpynt.
Scott syne becam a gleg volunteer in the yeomanry an on ane o his "raids" he met wi Margater Charlotte Charpentier (or Charpenter), dochter o Jean Charpentier o Lyon in
Fraunce
, that he wis mairiet on in 1797. They haed five bairns thegithir. In 1799 he wis appyntit Shirra-Depute o the Coonty o Selkirk, based in the Ryal Burgh o Selkirk.
In his earlier mairiet days, Scott haed a dacent leevin frae the siller he teuk at law, his salary as Shirra-Depute, his guidwife's income, a wee bit siller frae his scrievin an his skare o his faither's wee estate. Efter Scott haed foondit a prentin press, his musardry, stairtin wi
The Lay of the Last Mistrel
in 1805 brocht him fame. He set furth a nummer o ithir poems ower the neist ten year, includin the popular
The Lady of the Lake
, prentit in 1810 an setten in the Trossachs. Walins o the German trsnslates o this wark wis syne pitten tae muisic by
Franz Schubert
. Ane o thir sangs,
Ellens dritter Gesang
is aften kent as "Schubert's
Ave Maria
."
Anither wark frae this period,
Marmion
, produced some o his maist quotit (an maist aften mis-attreebute) lines. Canto VI, Stanza 17 reads:
- Yet Clare's sharp questions must I shun,
- Must separate Constance from the nun
- Oh! what a tangled web we weave
- When first we practice to deceive!
- A Palmer too! No wonder why
- I felt rebuked beneath his eye;
In 1809 his seempathies led tae tae become co-foonder o the
Quarterly Review
, a review jurnal that he made twa-three anonymous contreebutions tae.
Whan the press becam fankelt wi siller fykes, Scott set oot, in 1814, tae scrieve a cash-cou. The affcome wis
Waverley
, a novel that didna lat on wha haed written it. It wis a dyte o the
Fowerty-Five
wi its Inglis heid chairacter Edward Waverley (seempatheric tae
Jacobitism
efter his Tory upbringin) getting fankelt in happenins but in the hintend walin Hanoverian respectibeelity. The novelle wis a muckle success. Efter thon there follaed a rin o novelles ower the neist five year, ilkane wi a Scots historical settin. Keepin in mynd his namlyheid as a poet, he haudit tae the anonymous habit he haed stairtit wi
Waverley
, aye settin the novelles furth unner the name
Author of Waverley
or attributit as "Tales of...£ wi nae author. E'en whan it becam clear that there wad be nae skaith in comin oot intae the open he keepit up the facade, appearinly oot o a sense o fun, awmaist as a pliskie. Durin this time the byname
The Wizard of the North
wis applee'd by fowk tae the meesterious best-sellin writer. The identity o the author o the novelles wis a faur reengin souch, an in 1815 Scott wis gien the honour o takkin meat wi George, Prince Regent, that wis wantin tae meet wi "the author of
Waverley.
"
Thir novelles wis mainly in
Inglis
, but whiles
Scots
wis uised as pairt o dialogue atween chairacters - specially anes that's frae landwart pairts or o laich social staundin.
In 1819 he brak awa frae scrievin anent
Scotland
wi
Ivanhoe
, a historical romance setten in 12t-century
Ingland
. Thon, as weel, wis a rinawa success an, as he did wi his first novelle, he wrate twa-three beuks alang the same lines. Amang ither things, the beuk is kenspeckle for haein a gey seempathetic
Jewish
heid chairacter, Rebecca, thocht o by mony creetics tae be the beuks reale heroine - relevant tae the fact the beuk cam oot at a time whan the strauchle for the
Unthirldom o the Jews in Ingland
wis gaitherin momentum.
As he becam mair weel kent durin this pairt o his career, he wis grantit the teetle o baronet, becomin Sir Walter Scott. At this time he redd the veest o King George IV tae Scotland, an whan the King veesitit Edinburgh in 1822 the muckle shaw he pit on wis intrumental in makkin sicna things as tairtans an kilts fashionable, an turnin thaim intae seembols o Scots identity.
Stairtin in 1825 he fawed intae richt haird siller fykes again, as his company awmaist fauldit. That he wis the author o his novels becam ordinar knawledge at this time as weel. Raither nor declare bankruptcy, he pit his hame, Abbotsford Hoose, an income intae a trust belangin his creeditors, an gaed on tae scrieve his gate oot o det. He cairiet on his feel quick ootpit o feection (as weel as settin furth a biography o Napoleon Bonaparte) till 1831. By than his heal wis dwinin, an he dee'd at Abbotsfuird in
1832
. Tho no in the clear by than, his novelles aye selt weel, an he made guid his dets frae ayont the graff. He wis yirdit in Dryburgh Abbey whaur no faur aff, fittinly, a muckle statue can be fund o
William Wallace
- ane o Scotland's maist romanticised historical feegurs.
In 1844 the Scott Moniment wis finished. It staunds in Princes Street Gairdens, Edinburgh, an at 200.5 fit lang is the mucklest moniment tae a scriever in Europe. Forby thon, he is mindit wi a slab in Makars Court, Edinburgh, juist ootby the Scotts Writers Museum in Leddy Stairs Close, whaur is ane o the three scrievers the museum focuses on (alang wi
Robert Burns
an
Robert Louis Stevenson
).
Tales from Benedictine Sources
[
eedit
|
eedit soorce
]
- Chronicles of the Canongate
, 1st series (1827). Collection o thrie cutty stories:
The Highland Widow
,
The Two Drovers
and
The Surgeon's Daughter
.
- The Keepsake Stories
(1828). Collection o thrie cutty stories:
My Aunt Margaret's Mirror
,
The Tapestried Chamber
and
Death Of The Laird's Jock
.
- Introductory Essay to
The Border Antiquities of England and Scotland
(1814-1817)
- The Chase
(owersetter) (1796)
- Goetz of Berlichingen
(owersetter) [1799)
- Paul's Letters to his Kinsfolk
(1816)
- Provincial Antiquities of Scotland
(1819-1826)
- Lives of the Novelists
(1821-1824)
- Essays on Chivalry, Romance, and Drama
Supplement to the 1815?24 edition of the
Encyclopædia Britannica
- Halidon Hill
(1822)
- The Letters of Malachi Malagrowther
(1826)
- The Life of Napoleon Buonaparte
(1827)
- Religious Discourses
(1828)
- Tales of a Grandfather, 1st series
(1828)
- History of Scotland
, 2 vols. (1829-1830)
- Tales of a Grandfather, 2nd series
(1829)
- The Doom of Devorgoil
(1830)
- Essays on Ballad Poetry
(1830)
- Tales of a Grandfather, 3rd series
(1830)
- Letters on Demonology and Witchcraft
(1831)
- The Bishop of Tyre