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The
Timurids
(
Persie
:
????????
), self-designatit
Gurk?n?
[2]
[3]
[4]
(
Persie
:
???????
), wur a
Persianate
[5]
[6]
Central Asian
Sunni
Muslim
dynasty o oreeginally
Turko-Mongol
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
strynd whose empire includit the whole o Central Asie,
Iran
, modren
Afghanistan
, as well as lairge pairts o Pakistan, Indie,
Mesopotamie
,
Anatolie
an the
Caucasus
. It wis foondit bi the militant conqueror
Timur
(
Tamerlane
) in the 14t century.
In the 16t century, Timurid prince
Babur
, the ruler o
Ferghana
, invadit Indie an foondit the
Mughal Empire
, which ruled maist o the
Indian subcontinent
till its decline efter
Aurangzeb
in the early 18t century, an wis formally dissolved bi the
British Raj
efter the
Indian rebellion o 1857
.
- ↑
Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (December 2006).
"East-West Orientation of Historical Empires"
(PDF)
.
Journal of world-systems research
.
12
(2): 219?229.
ISSN
1076?156x
. Archived frae
the original
(PDF)
on 19 August 2012
. Retrieved
12 August
2010
.
- ↑
Zahir ud-Din Mohammad (10 September 2002). Thackston, Wheeler M. (ed.).
The Baburnama: Memoirs of Babur, Prince and Emperor
. Modern Library Classics.
ISBN
0375761373
.
Note:
Gurk?n?
is the
Persianized
form o the Mongolian wird "kurugan" ("son-in-law"), the title given tae the dynasty's foonder efter his marriage intae
Genghis Khan
's family.
- ↑
Note:
Gurg?n
,
Gurkh?n
, or
Kurkh?n
; The meaning of
Kurkhan
is given in
Clements Markham's publication of the reports of the contemporary witness Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo
Archived
2007-10-13 at the
Wayback Machine
as
"of the lineage of sovereign princes"
.
- ↑
Edward Balfour
The Encyclopaedia Asiatica, Comprising Indian Subcontinent, Eastern and Southern Asia
, Cosmo Publications 1976, S. 460, S. 488, S. 897
- ↑
Maria Subtelny, "Timurids in Transition", BRILL; illustrated edition (2007-09-30). pg 40: "Nevertheless, in the complex process of transition, members of the Timurid dynasty and their Turko-Mongolian supporters became acculturate by the surrounding Persinate millieu adopting Persian cultural models and tastes and acting as patrons of Persian culture, painting, architecture and music." pg 41: "The last members of the dynasty, notably Sultan-Abu Sa'id and Sultan-Husain, in fact came to be regarded as ideal Perso-Islamic rulers who develoted as much attention to agricultural development as they did to fostering Persianate court culture."
- ↑
a
b
B.F. Manz,
"T?m?r Lang"
, in
Encyclopaedia of Islam
, Online Edition, 2006
- ↑
Encyclopædia Britannica
, "
Timurid Dynasty
", Online Academic Edition, 2007. (Quotation:...
Turkic dynasty descended from the conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), renowned for its brilliant revival of artistic and intellectual life in Iran and Central Asia.
...
Trading and artistic communities were brought into the capital city of Herat, where a library was founded, and the capital became the centre of a renewed and artistically brilliant Persian culture.
..)
- ↑
"Timurids"
.
The Columbia Encyclopedia
(Sixth ed.). New York City:
Columbia University
. Archived frae
the original
on 5 December 2006
. Retrieved
8 November
2006
.
- ↑
Encyclopædia Britannica
article:
Consolidation & expansion of the Indo-Timurids
, Online Edition, 2007.