????? (grass) ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????/???? ???? ? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ^[?] ? ???, ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?

????? [ ?????? | ?????? ?????? ]

????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????, ?????, ????, ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? (Gramineae family) ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????, ?????? ????? ????? (Napier grass), ????? ????? (Sudan grass), ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????, ?????? ?????, ????, ??????, ???, ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ? ???? ???? ?????? ??????, ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????-? ?

????????? (?????????) [ ?????? | ?????? ?????? ]

????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????-? ? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???(lawn) ????? ?????, ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????, ?????? ?????, ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???????, ?????? ??????, ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????, ???????,??? ???? ???? ??-?? ?????, ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?

????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? (internodes) ?? ??????? ? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? (parallel viewed) ????? ???? ? ?? ????? ?????? ??, ?????? (sheath) ?? ?????? (blade), ?? ?????? ????? ???? ? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??? (linings) ???????? ? ??? ?? ?????? ????(Little tongue) ?? ??????? ? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? (growth appendages) ????? ????, ????? ?? ??????? (Articles) ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????-? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? (Subgloburlar) ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ???????? ???? ?? ??????(bulbus)?? ??????? ?

?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????????(spikelets) ?? ????? ????? ???? ?

???????? (stamens) ?? ?????????(pistils) ???? ?? ???-??? ?? ??????, ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????(bracts) ???????, ????? ?? ?????????? (glumes) ?? ??????? ? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????? (lemmas) ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? (palea) ?? ??????? ? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????, ????? ?? ????? (Awn)?? ???????,?????? ?????,?? ???? ?? ? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? (self pollination)??? ????? ???? ? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????, ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?

????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????, ????? ????????? (seed coat),?? ??????? (Testa), ???????? (fruit coat) ???????(pericarp) ?? ????? ???????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???????-? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???????-?? ???? ????? ????????? (dispersal)??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????, ??????? ???? ?? ???,??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????

???? ?? ????? [ ?????? | ?????? ?????? ]

???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? (grass lands) ?? ???? ??????? (Bread Baskets) ?? ??????? ? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? , ?? ?????? ????? ?????? (prairies), ????????? ????? ?????? (pampas), ????????? ?? ????? ???? (Grain belt) ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?

???? [ ?????? | ?????? ?????? ]

????????? ????? ??, ???????? ?? ?????? (propagation), ????????? (stolon) ?? ??????? (rhizone) ???? ????? ???? ? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ? (Preserver of nations) ?? ' ????? ????? ????'('Shieldof India)?? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????, ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?

???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? (Texture) ????? ???? ? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ?

???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? , ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?

???? ??? ????? [ ?????? | ?????? ?????? ]

• ???????
• ????

????? ????? [ ?????? | ?????? ?????? ]

?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?.

• "Planting and care of Lawns" from the UNT Govt. Documents Dept.
• Integrated Pest Management Program: website & search-engine
• Lawn Care University at Michigan State University
• "EPA Management of Polluted Runoff: Nonpoint Source Pollution" ( includes mismanagement of lawns problems. )

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