Lebensborn (?Fantana vie?ii”) a fost o organiza?ie german? nazist?, ini?iat? de ?eful SS , Heinrich Himmler , care avea case de maternitate ?i acorda asisten?? financiar? so?iilor membrilor SS. Totodat? ?inea orfelinate ?i avea programe de relocare pentru copiii r?pi?i de nazi?ti. 20.000 de copii s-au n?scut prin programul Lebensborn.

Ini?ial intemeiat? in 1935 in Germania, organiza?ia ?Lebensborn” s-a intins in Europa de Vest ?i Nord in timpul ocupa?iei naziste din al Doilea R?zboi Mondial .

Conform legilor eugenice rasite, programul era doar pentru copii care erau considera?i puri din punct de vedere rasial. In multe dintre ??rile ocupate de nazi?ti multe femei care aveau copii cu solda?i germani, ?i care erau ostracizate din aceast? cauz?, nu aveau alt? alternativ? decat s? cear? ajutorul organiza?iei ?Lebensborn”.

In timpul r?zboiului, organiza?ia aranja adopt?ri de c?tre familii germane ale orfanilor din ??rile ocupate.

Fondat? pe data de 12 decembrie 1935 la Munchen , ?Lebensborn e. V.” (e. V. inseamn? ?organiza?ie inregistrat?”) a fost un birou din cadrul SS, al c?rui obiectiv era oferirea de servicii sociale familiilor naziste. Prin aceasta se spera ca membrii SS o s? aib? mai mul?i copii.

In anul 1939 organiza?ia avea 8.000 de membri, din care 3.500 erau lideri SS. ^[1]

?efi ai organiza?iei ?Lebensborn e. V.” au fost SS-Standartenfuhrer Max Sollmann ?i SS-Oberfuhrer Dr. Gregor Ebner.

Prima cas? Lebensborn a fost ?Heim Hochland”, din Steinhoring , de lang? Munchen, care s-a deschis in 1936, iar prima cas? Lebensborn din afara Germaniei a fost in Norvegia , in 1941.

Lebensborn e. V. avea case, sau avea planuri gata de a construi case Lebensborn in urm?toarele ??ri:

• Germania : 10
• Austria : 3
• Polonia : 3
• Norvegia: 9 (dup? al?ii, erau 15)
• Danemarca : 2
• Fran?a : 1
• Belgia : 1
• Olanda : 1
• Luxemburg : 1

Ca. 8.000 de copii s-au n?scut in case de maternitate ?Lebensborn” in Germania, ?i tot vreo 8.000 in Norvegia (printre altele Anni-Frid Lyngstad , viitoare membr? ABBA ).

Bibliografie [ modificare | modificare surs? ]

• Catrine Clay & Michael Leapman: Master race: the Lebensborn experiment in Nazi Germany . Publisher: Hodder & Stoughton, 1995. ISBN 0-340-58978-7 . (German version: Herrenmenschen - Das Lebensborn-Experiment der Nazis . Publisher: Heyne-TB, 1997)
• "Children of World War II: the Hidden Enemy Legacy." Ed. Kjersti Ericsson and Eva Simonsen. New York: Berg Publishers, 2005.
• Marc Hillel and Clarissa Henry: Of Pure Blood . Published 1976. ISBN 0-07-028895-X (French version: Au nom de la race . Publisher: Fayard)
• Dorothee Schmitz-Koster: Deutsche Mutter bist du bereit - Alltag im Lebensborn . Publisher: Aufbau-Verlag, 2002.
• Gisela Heidenreich: Das endlose Jahr. Die langsame Entdeckung der eigenen Biographie - ein Lebensbornschicksal . Published: 2002.
• Georg Lilienthal: Der Lebensborn e. V. - Ein Instrument nationalsozialistischer Rassenpolitik . Publisher: Fischer, 1993 (possibly republished in 2003).
• Kare Olsen: Vater: Deutscher. - Das Schicksal der Norwegischen Lebensbornkinder und ihrer Mutter von 1940 bis heute . Published 2002. (the authoritative resource on Lebensborn in Norway and available in Norwegian: Krigens barn: De norske krigsbarna og deres mødre . Published: Aschehoug 1998. ISBN 82-03-29090-6 )
• Jorg Albrecht: Rohstoff fur Ubermenschen . Published: Artikel in Zeit-Punkte 3/2001 zum Thema Biomedizin, S. 16-18.
• Benz, W.; Graml, H.; Weiß, H.(1997): Enzyklopadie des Nationalsozialismus . Published: Digitale Bibliothek, CD-ROM, Band 25, Directmedia GmbH, Berlin.
• Trials of War Criminals - Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals Under Control Council Law No. 10. Vol. 5: United States v. Ulrich Greifelt, et al. (Case 8: 'RuSHA Case') . Publisher: US Government Printing Office, District of Columbia, 1950.
• Thompson, Larry V. Lebensborn and the Eugenics Policy of the Reichsfuhrer-SS. Central European History 4 (1971): 54-77.
• Waltermann, Dieter. The Functions and Activities of the Lebensborn Organisation Within the SS, the Nazi Regime, and Nazi Ideology. The Honors Journal II (1985: 5-23).
• Huston, Nancy, Lignes de faille, Actes Sud, ISBN 2-7609-2606-4 , 2006
• Huston, Nancy, Fault Lines, Atlantic Books, ISBN 978-1-84354-852-2 , 2007

Note [ modificare | modificare surs? ]