De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liber?
Acidul cloroacetic
(sau
monocloroacetic
,
MCA
) este un
compus organic
cu
formula chimic?
ClCH
2
CO
2
H. Este utilizat frecvent in
sinteza organic?
, de exemplu a unor medicamente.
Acidul cloroacetic a fost preparat pentru prima dat?, in form? impur?, de c?tre chimistul francez Felix LeBlanc (1813?1886) in anul 1843 in urma reac?iei de
clorurare
a
acidului acetic
la lumin?.
[4]
In form? pur?, a fost preparat in anul 1857 de c?tre chimistul german Reinhold Hoffmann (1831?1919) prin
refluxarea
acidului acetic glacial cu clor la lumin?,
[5]
iar in acela?i an chimistul francez
Charles Adolphe Wurtz
l-a ob?inut in urma reac?iei de
hidroliz?
a clorurii de cloroacetil (ClCH
2
COCl).
[6]
La nivel industrial, MCA se poate prepara in urma reac?iei de
hidroliz?
a
tricloroetilenei
:
![{\displaystyle {\ce {ClHC=CCl2 + 2 H2O -> ClH2CCO2H + 2 HCl}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bd97544e05bf26f145e6e248f6cf1905181c4ef8)
Reac?ia are loc la temperaturi de 130-140 °C ?i se face in solu?ie concentrat? (75%+) de
acid sulfuric
. Aceast? metod? produce acid monocloroacetic de mare puritate, spre deosebire de metoda de halogenare direct?, dar care are avantajul producerii ?i de
acid clorhidric
. Aproximativ 420.000.000 kg/an sunt produse la nivel mondial.
[7]
- ^
a
b
c
?Acid cloroacetic”
,
chloroacetic acid
(in englez?),
PubChem
, accesat in
- ^
Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset
- ^
Basic laboratory and industrial chemicals: A CRC quick reference handbook
[*]
[[
Basic laboratory and industrial chemicals: A CRC quick reference handbook
(book by David Lide from 1993)|]]
- ^
LeBlanc, Felix (1844)
"Recherches sur les produits derives de l'ether acetique par l'action du chlore, et en particulier sur l'ether acetique perchlorure,"
Annales de Chimie et de Physique
, 3rd series,
10
: 197?221 ; vezi p. 212
- ^
Hoffmann, Reinhold (1857)
"Ueber Monochloressigsaure"
(On mono-chloroacetic acid),
Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie
,
102
(1) : 1?20.
- ^
Wurtz, Adolphe (1857)
"Note sur l'aldehyde et sur le chlorure d'acetyle"
(Note on aldehyde and on acetyl chloride),
Annales de chimie et de physique
, 3rd series,
49
: 58?62, vezi p. 61.
- ^
Koenig, G.; Lohmar, E.; Rupprich, N. (
), ?Chloroacetic Acids”,
Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH,
doi
:
10.1002/14356007.a06_537