Antimony,   ₅₁ Sb

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Pronunciation	UK / ? æ n t ? m ? n i / AN -tim- ? -nee US / ? æ n t ? m o? n i / AN -tim- OH -nee
Appearance	silvery lustrous gray
Antimony ?? ?????? ???? ??
As ↑ Sb ↓ Bi tin ← antimony → tellurium ‍
????? ????? ( Z )	51
???? , ??????	group 15 (pnictogens) , period 5
????	p-block
Element category	metalloid
?????? ????? ??? ( A r )	?????:Val [?]
Electron configuration	[ Kr ] 4d 10 5s 2 5p 3
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 5
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???? (at  STP )	????
????? ???? ???	903.78  K ​(630.63 °C, ​1167.13 °F)
???? ???	1908 K ​(1635 °C, ​2975 °F)
Density near  r.t.	6.697 g/cm 3
when liquid, at  m.p.	6.53 g/cm 3
Heat of fusion	19.79  kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	193.43 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.23 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P   (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at  T   (K) 807 876 1011 1219 1491 1858
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Oxidation states	5 , 4, 3 , 2, 1, ?1, ?2, ?3 ​(an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.05
Ionization energies	1st: 834 kJ/mol 2nd: 1594.9 kJ/mol 3rd: 2440 kJ/mol ( more )
Atomic radius	empirical: 140  pm
Covalent radius	139±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	206 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​ rhombohedral
Speed of sound thin rod	3420 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	11 μm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
? ?????? ???????	24.4 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	417 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic [?]
Magnetic susceptibility ( χ mol )	−99.0·10 ?6  cm 3 /mol [?]
Young's modulus	55 GPa
Shear modulus	20 GPa
Bulk modulus	42 GPa
Mohs hardness	3.0
Brinell hardness	294?384 MPa
CAS Number	7440-36-0
History
Discovery	ca. 800
Main isotopes of antimony
????­??? Abun­dance ??? ???? ( t 1/2 ) Decay mode Pro­duct 121 Sb 57.21% stable 123 Sb 42.79% stable 125 Sb syn 2.7582 y β ? 125 Te
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1. ↑ Meija, J.; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)" . Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265?91. doi : 10.1515/pac-2015-0305 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
2. ↑ Lide, D. R., ?????? (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (??? 86th). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   0-8493-0486-5 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )
3. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. ????? E110. ? ???? ??????? ??? ?????   0-8493-0464-4 . ?????? |CitationClass= ?? ???? ?????? ??? ( ?????? )