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	^ 1808 ??? 1821 ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ; ^ Although Portugal began the process of decolonizing East Timor in 1975, Macau is generally considered to be Portugal's last colony as the Indonesian invasion of East Timor and resulting occupation were not officially recognized . East Timor's independence in 2002 ended the observed Portuguese sovereignty. ;

??????? ????? ( ??????? ???? : Imperio Portugues ), ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ( Ultramar Portugues ) ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ( Imperio Colonial Portugues ), ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ^[?]^[?]^[?] ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? 1415 ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? 1999 ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? 2002 ??? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?? 52 ????-???? ???????? ??? ???

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↑ Melvin Eugene Page, Penny M. Sonnenburg, p. 481
↑ Liam Matthew Brockey, p. xv
↑ Richard M. Juang, Noelle Anne Morrissette, p. 894

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????? ????? [ ????? ]

Portuguese Empire Timeline
The First Global Village by Martin Page
The Portuguese and the East (in Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese and Thai) with English introduction.
Dutch Portuguese Colonial History Dutch Portuguese Colonial History: history of the Portuguese and the Dutch in Ceylon, India, Malacca, Bengal, Formosa, Africa, Brazil. Language Heritage, lists of remains, maps.

[1] Melvin Eugene Page, Penny M. Sonnenburg, p. 481

[2] Liam Matthew Brockey, p. xv

[3] Richard M. Juang, Noelle Anne Morrissette, p. 894

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