1989 ?? ??????

1989 ?? ?????? 1980 ???? ??? ???? 1990 ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??, ^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? 1848 ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???

?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? 1989 ???? ????? ????? ^[6]^[7] ??? ?? ?????, ????? ????? , ????????, ???????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????, ?? ??-????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ^[8] ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ^[9] ??????? ??? (?????? ? ??? 1989) ??? ??? ????? ???????? , ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???, ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? 4 ??? 1989 ???, ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??? '?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????, ??? ??? 1989 ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??? 1989 ???, ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????, ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??, ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? '?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? 1989 ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??, ??? ?? 1990 ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????

????? 1991 ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???, ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ( ??????? , ?????????? , ??????? , ?????? , ?????????? , ????????? , ??????? , ?????????? , ??????????? , ??????? ??? ??????????? ) ???, ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??, ???? ?? ?????? ????? ( ??????? , ?????? ??? ???????? ) ?? ????? 1991 ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??????, ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??, ????? 1991 ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?? 1990 ??? 1992 ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? 1992 ??, ?????????? ??? ??????????? ????? , ??? ?????? ??? ??????????? , ??????? , ????????? , ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ??, ????? ???? ??? 2003 ???? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? 2006 ???? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? 2008 ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???????????? ??? ?? ??? ??? 1992 ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ^[10] ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? (1991), ?????? (1990), ??????? (????? 1990 ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? 1996 ??? ???? ????? ??) ??? ????? ??? (1990) ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???

????? [ ???? ]

↑ Nedelmann, Birgitta; Sztompka, Piotr (1 January 1993). Sociology in Europe: In Search of Identity . Walter de Gruyter. pp. 1?. ISBN 978-3-11-013845-0 .
↑ Bernhard, Michael; Szlajfer, Henryk (1 November 2010). From the Polish Underground: Selections from Krytyka, 1978?1993 . Penn State Press. pp. 221?. ISBN 978-0-271-04427-9 .
↑ Luciano, Bernadette (2008). Cinema of Silvio Soldini: Dream, Image, Voyage . Troubador. pp. 77?. ISBN 978-1-906510-24-4 .
↑ Grofman, Bernard (2001). Political Science as Puzzle Solving . University of Michigan Press. pp. 85?. ISBN 0-472-08723-1 .
↑ Sadurski, Wojciech; Czarnota, Adam; Krygier, Martin (30 July 2006). Spreading Democracy and the Rule of Law?: The Impact of EU Enlargemente for the Rule of Law, Democracy and Constitutionalism in Post-Communist Legal Orders . Springer. pp. 285?. ISBN 978-1-4020-3842-6 .
↑ Antohi, Sorin ; Tism?neanu, Vladimir (January 2000). "Independence Reborn and the Demons of the Velvet Revolution" . Between Past and Future: The Revolutions of 1989 and Their Aftermath . Central European University Press. p. 85. ISBN 963-9116-71-8 .
↑ Boyes, Roger (4 June 2009). "World Agenda: 20 years later, Poland can lead eastern Europe once again" . The Times . UK . Retrieved 4 June 2009 .
↑ Roberts, Adam (1991). Civil Resistance in the East European and Soviet Revolutions . Albert Einstein Institution. ISBN 1-880813-04-1 . Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 30 ????? 2011.
↑ Sztompka, Piotr (27 August 1991). "Preface" . Society in Action: the Theory of Social Becoming . University of Chicago Press. p. 16. ISBN 0-226-78815-6 .
↑ Constitution , CECL, 1992-04-27 .

[NedelmannSztompka1993-1] Nedelmann, Birgitta; Sztompka, Piotr (1 January 1993). Sociology in Europe: In Search of Identity . Walter de Gruyter. pp. 1?. ISBN 978-3-11-013845-0 .

[BernhardSzlajfer2010-2] Bernhard, Michael; Szlajfer, Henryk (1 November 2010). From the Polish Underground: Selections from Krytyka, 1978?1993 . Penn State Press. pp. 221?. ISBN 978-0-271-04427-9 .

[Luciano2008-3] Luciano, Bernadette (2008). Cinema of Silvio Soldini: Dream, Image, Voyage . Troubador. pp. 77?. ISBN 978-1-906510-24-4 .

[Grofman2001-4] Grofman, Bernard (2001). Political Science as Puzzle Solving . University of Michigan Press. pp. 85?. ISBN 0-472-08723-1 .

[SadurskiCzarnota2006-5] Sadurski, Wojciech; Czarnota, Adam; Krygier, Martin (30 July 2006). Spreading Democracy and the Rule of Law?: The Impact of EU Enlargemente for the Rule of Law, Democracy and Constitutionalism in Post-Communist Legal Orders . Springer. pp. 285?. ISBN 978-1-4020-3842-6 .

[6] Antohi, Sorin ; Tism?neanu, Vladimir (January 2000). "Independence Reborn and the Demons of the Velvet Revolution" . Between Past and Future: The Revolutions of 1989 and Their Aftermath . Central European University Press. p. 85. ISBN 963-9116-71-8 .

[lead-7] Boyes, Roger (4 June 2009). "World Agenda: 20 years later, Poland can lead eastern Europe once again" . The Times . UK . Retrieved 4 June 2009 .

[8] Roberts, Adam (1991). Civil Resistance in the East European and Soviet Revolutions . Albert Einstein Institution. ISBN 1-880813-04-1 . Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 30 ????? 2011.

[9] Sztompka, Piotr (27 August 1991). "Preface" . Society in Action: the Theory of Social Becoming . University of Chicago Press. p. 16. ISBN 0-226-78815-6 .

[10] Constitution , CECL, 1992-04-27 .

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