?????? ???????? ( ????????? : Samuel Crompton; 3 ????? 1753 – 26 ??? 1827) ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ^[1] ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????, ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ^{[2] [3]}

?????? ???? [ ???? ]

?????? ??????? ?? ??? 10 ??????? ????, ?????, ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? (???? ?? ???? ????????? ????) ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? '?? ???? ???? ??????, ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????, ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? 16 ????? 1780 ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????, ???????? ?? ???? ?????? (??? ??????) ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? (??? 8 ????? 1781), ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???

??????? ???? (???? ???? ?????) [ ???? ]

?????? 1779, ?????? ??????? ??? ????-???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???, ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ^[4] ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????? , ^[4] ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ^[5] ????-???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? 60 ???? ??? ^[6] ??? ???? ???? ???? '?? ???? ??? ????? ????, ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????

????-???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? 54 ??? ???? ?? ??, ??? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??, ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? (40s) ????? ????? 14 ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? (80s) ?? ?? ???? '?? ????? 42 ??????? ?? ????' ?? ??????

????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??, ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? 1790 ^[4] ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? 1834 ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???-??????? ??? ^[4] ??? 1812 ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? 4 ??? 5 ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?? for ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ^{[7] [4]}

???????? ?? ??? 26 ??? 1827 ??? ???? ??????, ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ^[8]

????? [ ???? ]

1. ↑ "Samuel Crompton, the inventor of the spinning mule : a brief survey of his life and work, with which is incorporated a short history of Messrs. Dobson & Barlow in SearchWorks" . Retrieved 30 January 2017 .
2. ↑ Timmins 1996 .
3. ↑ Jackson, Tim (4 May 2006). "The Fashion Handbook" . Routledge . Retrieved 30 January 2017 .
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4} Baines 1835 .
5. ↑ "Samuel Crompton 1753 - 1827" . Retrieved 2008-04-21 .
6. ↑ Baines 1836 .
7. ↑ "Crompton, Samuel, 1753-1827" . Retrieved 30 January 2017 . ^{[ permanent dead link ]}
8. ↑ "Manchester Engineers and Inventors" . Archived from the original on 3 August 2010 . Retrieved 2008-04-21 .