????? ??? (??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ^[1] ) ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ^[1]

?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? 900 ??? ?????? ??? ^[2] ??? ?? ???-????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??? 19??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? 1868 ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? - ???????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???

???? [ ???? ]

??? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? 41°20′N 28°34′E  /  41.333°N 28.567°E  / 41.333; 28.567 ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? 40 ???????? (25 ???) ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? 4.5 ???? (15 ????) ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? 11 ???? (36 ????) ??? ????? ?? ?????? 39 ??? ???????? (15 ??? ???) ??? ????? '?? ????? ??????, 162 ?????? m3 ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? 20% ??? ???? ???? ???

????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? 700 ???? (2,300 ????) ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??, ??? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? 619 ??? ???????? (239 ??? ???) ??? ^[3]

????? [ ???? ]

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} "Erdogan allows son-in-law, Qatar's Moza to own lands on new Istanbul Canal route" . 23 January 2020. Archived from the original on 10 ??? 2020 . Retrieved 27 ??? 2023 .
2. ↑ "Durusu golu ve tarihi ( in Turkish )" .
3. ↑ Eodev page (Turkish ????)