?????????

????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ^[1] ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ^[2] ??? ??? ?? ????, ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????, ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????, ?? ???? ?? ^[1]

????? [ ???? ]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 James Fearon , "Iraq's Civil War" in Foreign Affairs , March/April 2007. For further discussion on civil war classification, see the section "Formal classification" .
↑ Nations, Markets, and War: Modern History and the American Civil War| Book Reviews Archived 2010-01-25 at the Wayback Machine ., EH.net. "Two nations [within the U.S.] developed because of slavery." October 2006. Retrieved July 2009.

[fearon-1] 1.0 ^1.1 James Fearon , "Iraq's Civil War" in Foreign Affairs , March/April 2007. For further discussion on civil war classification, see the section "Formal classification" .

[EH-2] Nations, Markets, and War: Modern History and the American Civil War| Book Reviews Archived 2010-01-25 at the Wayback Machine ., EH.net. "Two nations [within the U.S.] developed because of slavery." October 2006. Retrieved July 2009.

[1]

[2]