???? ?????

Orson Welles
Orson Welles
	Welles on March 1, 1937 (age 21), photographed by Carl Van Vechten
???	George Orson Welles ; ?? 6, 1915 ; Kenosha, Wisconsin , U.S.
???	?????? 10, 1985 (??? 70) ; Los Angeles, California , U.S.
???	Ronda , Spain
???? ????	School of the Art Institute of Chicago
?????	Actor ; director ; writer ; producer ;
?????? ?? ???	1931?1985
???? ????	; Virginia Nicolson ( ??. 1934; ?. 1940) ; Rita Hayworth ( ??. 1943; ?. 1947) ; Paola Mori ; ( ??. 1955)
????	Dolores del Rio (1940?43) ; Oja Kodar (1966?85) ;
????	3, including Beatrice Welles
??????

???? ???? ????? (6 ??, 1915 - 10 ??????, 1985) ??? ?????? ??????, ????????, ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ^[3]

???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????, ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???-???? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ????, ??? ???? <i id="mwGQ">?????? ??</i> ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ‘ ?? ?????? ??? ???’ ????? ?? ? 1937 ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????, ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????, ????? 1941 ???? ??????? '?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????, ??? ???? ????? (1937) ?? ????? ??, ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ???

????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??, ??? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????, ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???, ????? ?? ??? ???? , ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? 50 ????? ?? ????? ?? ???, ????? ?? ???? ????, ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? , 2018 ???? ???? ???? ?? ???

????? ?? ???? ???? ???, ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??, ^[4] ????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? 2002 ????, ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ^[5]^[6] ?? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?? 50 ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ^[7]

????? ???? [ ???? ]

???? ???? ????? ?? ??? 6 ??, 1915 ??? ???????, ?????????, ????? ??? ????? (??. ????? ????? ?????, 12 ????? 1872, ???? ????, ?????? ?? ????; ??. 28 ?????, 1930, ??????? , ???????) ^: 26^[8] ^{[lower-alpha 1]} ??? ?????? ???? ????? (??. ????? ???? ????, 1 ????? 1883, ??????????, ??????? ; ??. 10 ??, 1924, ???????) ???? ????? ^[9] ^: 9 ^{[lower-alpha 2]} ?? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??, ?? 1914 ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? '?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? (??? ???? ????) ??? ????? ?? ???? ??, ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????. ????????. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??, ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????, ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ^[11] ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???

???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????, ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? 1919 ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????, ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??, ^[12] ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???, ??? ?????????, ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????, "?????" ???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? 10 ?? 1924 ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ^: 3?5^[13] ^: 326 ????? ?????? ???????, ??? ?? 1921 ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??, ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ^[14]^[15]

????? [ ???? ]

↑ "Overview: Orson Welles, (1915?1985) American film director and actor" . Oxford Reference . Retrieved 2019-03-21 .
↑ "The Eyes of Orson Welles in Chicago at Gene Siskel Film Center" . Chicago, Illinois Music, Nightlife & Events . Retrieved 2019-03-21 .
↑ "Orson Welles is Dead at 70; Innovator of Film and Stage" . The New York Times , October 11, 1985 . Retrieved 2014-05-15 .
↑ Christley, Jaime N. (2003). "Orson Welles" . Senses of Cinema . Archived from the original on September 14, 2012.
↑ "Sight & Sound |Top Ten Poll 2002 ? The Directors' Top Ten Directors" . BFI. September 5, 2006. Archived from the original on October 13, 2018 . Retrieved December 30, 2009 .
↑ "Sight & Sound |Top Ten Poll 2002 ? The Critics' Top Ten Directors" . BFI. September 5, 2006. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016 . Retrieved December 30, 2009 .
↑ "The 50 greatest actors from Hollywood's Golden Age" . The Telegraph (in ???????? (???????)). 2017-11-24. ISSN 0307-1235 . Retrieved 2019-11-09 .
↑ Ancestry.com, Illinois, Deaths and Stillbirths Index 1916?1947 [database online], Provo, Utah. Ancestry.com Operations 2011. Retrieved September 29, 2014.
↑ McGilligan, Patrick (2015). Young Orson . New York: Harper . ISBN 978-0-06-211248-4 .
↑ "Green Ridge Cemetery Photo Gallery" . Kenosha (Wisconsin) Cemetery Association . Retrieved 2016-11-12 .
↑ Kelly, Fred C. (1947). George Ade, Warmhearted Satirist (First ed.). Indianapolis, IN: The Bobs-Merrill Company. p. 209 .
↑ "Orson Welles Biography" . Turner Classic Movies . Retrieved 2015-05-09 .
↑ Welles, Orson ; Bogdanovich, Peter ; Rosenbaum, Jonathan (1992). This is Orson Welles . New York: HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-016616-8 .
↑ "Chicago Musicians Mourn Passing of Mrs. Welles" . Chicago Tribune, May 13, 1924, page 10 . Retrieved 2014-10-06 .
↑ "The Gordon Collection of String Music" . University of Rochester Library Bulletin, Winter 1952 . Retrieved 2014-08-31 .

????? ???? ?????: <ref> tags exist for a group named "lower-alpha", but no corresponding <references group="lower-alpha"/> tag was found

[1] "Overview: Orson Welles, (1915?1985) American film director and actor" . Oxford Reference . Retrieved 2019-03-21 .

[Chicago,_Illinois_Music,_Nightlife_&_Events-2] "The Eyes of Orson Welles in Chicago at Gene Siskel Film Center" . Chicago, Illinois Music, Nightlife & Events . Retrieved 2019-03-21 .

[NYT_obit-3] "Orson Welles is Dead at 70; Innovator of Film and Stage" . The New York Times , October 11, 1985 . Retrieved 2014-05-15 .

[4] Christley, Jaime N. (2003). "Orson Welles" . Senses of Cinema . Archived from the original on September 14, 2012.

[BFI_Directors-5] "Sight & Sound |Top Ten Poll 2002 ? The Directors' Top Ten Directors" . BFI. September 5, 2006. Archived from the original on October 13, 2018 . Retrieved December 30, 2009 .

[BFI_Critics-6] "Sight & Sound |Top Ten Poll 2002 ? The Critics' Top Ten Directors" . BFI. September 5, 2006. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016 . Retrieved December 30, 2009 .

[7] "The 50 greatest actors from Hollywood's Golden Age" . The Telegraph (in ???????? (???????)). 2017-11-24. ISSN 0307-1235 . Retrieved 2019-11-09 .

[Ancestry_Parents-8] Ancestry.com, Illinois, Deaths and Stillbirths Index 1916?1947 [database online], Provo, Utah. Ancestry.com Operations 2011. Retrieved September 29, 2014.

[McGilligan-10] McGilligan, Patrick (2015). Young Orson . New York: Harper . ISBN 978-0-06-211248-4 .

[11] "Green Ridge Cemetery Photo Gallery" . Kenosha (Wisconsin) Cemetery Association . Retrieved 2016-11-12 .

[13] Kelly, Fred C. (1947). George Ade, Warmhearted Satirist (First ed.). Indianapolis, IN: The Bobs-Merrill Company. p. 209 .

[14] "Orson Welles Biography" . Turner Classic Movies . Retrieved 2015-05-09 .

[Welles_TIOW-15] Welles, Orson ; Bogdanovich, Peter ; Rosenbaum, Jonathan (1992). This is Orson Welles . New York: HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-016616-8 .

[16] "Chicago Musicians Mourn Passing of Mrs. Welles" . Chicago Tribune, May 13, 1924, page 10 . Retrieved 2014-10-06 .

[17] "The Gordon Collection of String Music" . University of Rochester Library Bulletin, Winter 1952 . Retrieved 2014-08-31 .

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