?????? ???????
, ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ? ??
???????? ??????
???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ? ?? ????????-???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ??? '??' (Gauss) ???? ???????-?????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?
??? ???? ????????????? ???? ?? ??????????, ?????? ??????? ? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ? ???? ??? ??????? ? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????, ????
???????? ????????
?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ? ???? ????????????? ????? ??????????????? ????? ??????? ???? ?
??? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????? ? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??? ? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ? ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ????????? (generator) ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ? ?? ?????????????? (Electrolyte) ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ? ???????????????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????, ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????, ???????? ????? ?????? "????????? ????????? ??????" (Experimental Researches in Electricity) ??? ?
??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ? ???? ? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ? ????? ??? ?? ? ??????? ??????? ???, ???? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?
??? ???? ???????????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?
????? ???????
[
????????
]
- ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????
- ?????????? ????????-???????? ??????? ????
????? ??????
[
????????
]