????????? ?????????

????????? ????????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ( ????????? : Theory of Relativity), ?? ?????? ????????? , ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? - ????? ????????? ( Special Relativity ) ? ??????? ????????? ( General Relativity )? ^[?] ????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ???? "??????? ??????" ( ???????? : Relativtheorie )??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??

??????????? ????????? [ ??????? ????????? ]

????? ??????????? ????????? [ ??????? ????????? ]

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?????????????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????????
????? ? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????

????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????, E = mc ²

???? E ????? ????? , m ????? ????? ?? ?????? ? c ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????, ???????? ????? ? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????

???? ??? ??????? ??? ( Velocity ) ???????? ??? ( Velocity of Light ) ????? ??? ??? ???????
??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ????????? ( Space ) ??? ???? ????????? ??? ( Space-time ) ????? ??? ????????

??????? ??????????? ????????? [ ??????? ????????? ]

??????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????

????????? ??? ?????????-??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??
??????? ??????????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????
??????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??????
?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ??????
?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????

???????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ???, ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????

???????????? ???????? ????? [ ??????? ????????? ]

???????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? E = mc ²??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????????? ????? ????????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? (E = mc ²) ?? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????????, ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???????????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????????

?????????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????, ??? ? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????

'?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????' ????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??. ??. ???????? (Julius Robert Oppenheimer) ?? ?????? ?? (Atomic Bomb) ????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????????? (Nuclear Disintegration Reaction)??? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ( Nuclear Reaction )??? ????? ??????? ???????, ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????

???????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ^[?]

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??? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??????????? ??????, ?????, ???????, ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ????? '????? ????????? ????????????' ?? '??????? ??????? ???????????' ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????????????????? ??. ??????? ? ?. ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ???? ??? ????????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???-????? ???? ???????? ???? ? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????

???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????-?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ? ?? ' ?????? ????? ' ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ' ?????? ????? ' ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 1945 ????? ? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?????????? ????? ????

?????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??:???????????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???: ???????? ??? ???? '????? ?????' ????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????

?????????? ? ??? ?? [ ??????? ????????? ]

?? ???? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????????? ????????? ( ???????????? ?????? E = mc ²) ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????

?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ? ?????, ???? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? '????????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?. ????? ? ??. ????????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ? ???????????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ???, ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????'

???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????, ????? ??????? ????????? '????????????? ?????????' ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????

?? ??????? E = mc ² ?? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????????????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????

???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????? ? ???????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ? ??????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????-????? ????? ^[?]

??????? ??????? [ ??????? ????????? ]

↑ Einstein A. (????), Relativity: The Special and General Theory (Translation 1920), New York: H. Holt and Company?
↑ ????????? ??????? (????-????)? ??????? ?????????? ? ???? ????????????, ?? ??? ????????: ???????????? ????????
↑ ????????? ??????? (???? ????? ?)? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????: ?????????? ??????? ? ???????????? ????, ?? ??-??? ????????: ?????????? ????????

????? ?????? [ ??????? ????????? ]

[1] Einstein A. (????), Relativity: The Special and General Theory (Translation 1920), New York: H. Holt and Company?

[2] ????????? ??????? (????-????)? ??????? ?????????? ? ???? ????????????, ?? ??? ????????: ???????????? ????????

[3] ????????? ??????? (???? ????? ?)? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????: ?????????? ??????? ? ???????????? ????, ?? ??-??? ????????: ?????????? ????????

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