????? ????

???? ???????
???-???	16 ????? 1927 ; ??? ???? ??????? ( en ) ?? ?????? ( en )
?????	?? ????? ????
?????	Village church Behlendorf (en)
??? ???	Gunter Wilhelm Grass
????(??)	??? ???? ??????? (fa) ( ???? ? ???? ) ? ????? ( ???? ? )
?????	????… ????? ( ???? ? ???? ) ? ??????? (fa) ( ???? ? ???? ) ? ??????? (fa) ( ???? ? ???? ) ? ???????? (fa) ? ?????? (fa) ( ???? ? ??? 1940) ? ???????? (??? 1940 ? ???? )
?????	????? ??? ???????? (fa) ; ?????? ?????? (fa) ? ????????? (fa) ; ??????? ??? ????? (fa) ; Pestalozzischule (en) ;
????? ?? ?? ????	?????? ????
????	???? ???? ??
????	????… ????????? (fa) ; ?????????????? ; ???? ; ????????? (fa) ; ????????? (fa) ; ?????????????? (fa) ; ?????????? ; autobiographer (en) ; ???? (fa) ; ??????? (fa) ; ???? ???????? ????? (fa) ; ??????? (fa) ; ??????? ; printmaker (en) ; ???? (fa) ; ?????? ; librettist (en)
??????	Anna Schwarz (en) ? Ute Grass (en) ? Anna Grass (en)
????	Helene Grass (en)
???	??????? ?????
????? ???	????? ??????? ?????? ??? ( ???? ? ???? )
???	????… PEN Centre Germany (en) ; ?????? ?????? ????? (fa) ; ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? (fa) ; ????????? ??? ? ???? ?????? (fa) ; ???? ?? (fa)
????? ????	???? ??? ???? ????? ????????? (fa) ( ???? ? )
??? ?? ????	????? ??? ???
?????	Otto Pankok (en) ? Josef Mages (en)
??????	grass-stiftung.de (?????? ????)
?????	????… Ernst-Toller-Preis (en) ( ???? ) ; Honorary doctor of the Free University of Berlin (en) ( ???? ) ; Eckart Witzigmann Prize (en) ( ???? ) ; H.C. Andersen Award (en) ( ???? ) ; honorary doctor of the University of Lubeck (en) ( ???? ) ; Pipe Smoker of the Year (en) ( ???? ) ; ???? ?????? ????? ( ???? ) ; Princess of Asturias Literary Prize (en) ( ???? ) ; Samuel-Bogumil-Linde prize (en) ( ???? ) ; Hans Fallada Prize (en) ( ???? ) ; Thomas Mann Prize (en) ( ???? ) ; Hermann Kesten Prize (en) ( ???? ) ; Literature Award of the Bavarian Academy of the Fine Arts (en) ( ???? ) ; Honorary doctor of the University of Gda?sk (en) ( ???? ) ; honorary citizen of Gda?sk (en) ( ???? ) ; Grinzane Cavour Prize (en) ( ???? ) ; honorary doctor of the Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna? (en) ( ?? ???? ???? ) ; Medaille fur Kunst und Wissenschaft (Hamburg) (en) ( ???? ) ; Weinpreis fur Literatur (de) ( ???? ) ; honorary doctor of Harvard University (en) ( ???? ) ; Theodor Heuss Award (en) ( ???? ) ; Fontane-Preis (en) ( ???? ) ; Carl-von-Ossietzky-Medaille (en) ( ???? ) ; ?????? ??????? (fa) ( ???? ) ; ????? ????? ????? (fa) ( ???? ) ; Deutscher Kritikerpreis (en) ( ???? ) ; Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature (en) ;
	????… ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? (fa) ; (??? 1950) ??? ???? (fa) ; ( ???? ) ??? ? ???? (fa) ; ( ???? ) ??????? ??? (fa) ; ( ???? ) The Rat (en) ; ( ???? ) The Call of the Toad (en) ; ( ???? ) Crabwalk (en) ; ( ???? ) Last dances (en) ;

????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????. ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ? ???? ?????.

????? [ ?????? ]

↑ ????? ????????: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-32285705 .
↑ ??? ??? ????? ???: ???????? ????? ?????? . ????????: 118541579 . ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? . ??? ?? ???? ????: ?????? ????. ???????: ???????? ??? ?????.
↑ ??? ??? ????? ???: ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? . ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???: nm0335848 . ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? . ??? ?? ???? ????: ???????.
↑ " ????? ????? " (??????? ???? ??). On the coming into force of the present Treaty German nationals ordinarily resident in the territory described in Article 100 will ipso facto lose their German nationality in order to become nationals of the Free City of Danzig. {{ cite web }}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= ( help ) ??????? ??????:???? ???????? ( link )
↑ ????: 1 .
↑ ??? ??? ????? ???: Museum of Modern Art online collection . ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????: 2300 . ???????? ?????: ? ?????? ???? . ????: 3. ??? ?? ???? ????: ???????.
↑ ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ????????: 118541579 . ??? ??? ????? ???: Catalog of the German National Library . ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? . ??? ?? ???? ????: ?????? ????.
↑ ????? ????????: https://www.ndr.de/kultur/geschichte/koepfe/Guenter-Grass-Multitalent-und-Moralist,biografiegrass101.html . ???????? ?????: ? ????? ???? .
↑ ^??? ^??? ^??? ????? ????????: https://www.lehrer.uni-karlsruhe.de/~za874/homepage/grass.htm . ???????? ?????: ? ????? ???? .
↑ ????? ????????: https://www.gedanopedia.pl/?title=SZKO%C5%81A_IM._PESTALOZZIEGO . ???????? ?????: ?? ?????? ???? .
↑ ???????: ???????? ??? ?????? ? http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11905730x ? ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? ? ????: Open License
↑ ????? CONOR.SI: https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/si/sl/conor/6602339
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? " The Fine Art Archive " . Retrieved 1 April 2021 . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |access-date= ( help )
↑ ???????? ?????: ?? ??????? ???? . ??? ??? ????? ???: ADAGP/CISAC membership list at 07/01/2019 . ????: Societe des auteurs dans les arts graphiques et plastiques. ??????? ?????: ???? . ???????: Societe des auteurs dans les arts graphiques et plastiques.
↑ ^???? ^???? ??? ??? ????? ???: Gunter Grass - Die Blechtrommel. Kommentar und Materialien (2010 Steidl ed.) . ????: 119. ????: Steidl. ??? ?? ???? ????: ?????? ????. ??????? ?????: ???? . ???????: Volker Neuhaus.
↑ ????? ????????: https://hans-christian-andersen-priskomite.dk/prismodtager/ . ???????? ?????: ? ???? ???? .
↑ ????? ????????: http://www.pfeiferauchen.de/specials/pfeifenraucher-des-jahres/ . ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? . ???????????? ??: ????? ????? ?? ????? . ????? ???????: ? ???? ???? . ????? ???????: https://web.archive.org/web/20160305025601/http://www.pfeiferauchen.de/specials/pfeifenraucher-des-jahres/ .
↑ ????? ????????: https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1999/ .
↑ ????? ????????: https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/ .
↑ ???????? ?????: ?? ???? ???? . ????? ????????: https://amu.edu.pl/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/22731/doktoraty-honoris-causa-UAM-XXw.pdf . ??? ?? ???? ????: ??????? .
↑ ????? ????????: https://www.theodor-heuss-stiftung.de/das-archiv/ . ???????? ?????: ?? ???? ???? .

?????????? ???????? ≪ ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ≫? ????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ???. (???????? ???? ?? ????? ????).

“Nobel Prize in Literature 1999” ‎ (???????) ‎. Nobel Foundation, 2008-10-11.

[353800618c6a8eb600e7ea3308ee1a9f27f43f89-1] ????? ????????: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-32285705 .

[36aabc32b1f9071dd0b25e181a460ceb95ab237a-2] ??? ??? ????? ???: ???????? ????? ?????? . ????????: 118541579 . ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? . ??? ?? ???? ????: ?????? ????. ???????: ???????? ??? ?????.

[b8c53d315e1dfe80f63e73d82d81ced255204981-3] ??? ??? ????? ???: ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? . ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???: nm0335848 . ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? . ??? ?? ???? ????: ???????.

[0cafe61063c562d6e3ee06ea266c0fa049909645-4] " ????? ????? " (??????? ???? ??). On the coming into force of the present Treaty German nationals ordinarily resident in the territory described in Article 100 will ipso facto lose their German nationality in order to become nationals of the Free City of Danzig. {{ cite web }}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= ( help ) ??????? ??????:???? ???????? ( link )

[24dc71e53c699893503f139a46085e54fd13aa62-5] ????: 1 .

[84df0441edc5f6d31c6f32c3c7d238e4e90eb5af-6] ??? ??? ????? ???: Museum of Modern Art online collection . ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????: 2300 . ???????? ?????: ? ?????? ???? . ????: 3. ??? ?? ???? ????: ???????.

[8c76db9b98ab97319ee60ce0d90226f0c7b7aa32-7] ??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ????????: 118541579 . ??? ??? ????? ???: Catalog of the German National Library . ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? . ??? ?? ???? ????: ?????? ????.

[194e65d22a4f99c6960bc533e50dda14a2274ce9-8] ????? ????????: https://www.ndr.de/kultur/geschichte/koepfe/Guenter-Grass-Multitalent-und-Moralist,biografiegrass101.html . ???????? ?????: ? ????? ???? .

[88c13a53d7ceaac668a3566fb60034754b7a0d51-9] ??? ^??? ^??? ????? ????????: https://www.lehrer.uni-karlsruhe.de/~za874/homepage/grass.htm . ???????? ?????: ? ????? ???? .

[948bab542114fda3ae4095b20dd82f8503a87906-10] ????? ????????: https://www.gedanopedia.pl/?title=SZKO%C5%81A_IM._PESTALOZZIEGO . ???????? ?????: ?? ?????? ???? .

[842e6ee1e7f41b705cb3eee2f30e36dba92b91a4-11] ???????: ???????? ??? ?????? ? http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11905730x ? ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? ? ????: Open License

[ceacf68a8d095ad27b751d08e60763cf004bd1a7-12] ????? CONOR.SI: https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/si/sl/conor/6602339

[ee3258e4254ed56e4eafb0616a880cd7b7cba1eb-13] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? " The Fine Art Archive " . Retrieved 1 April 2021 . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |access-date= ( help )

[6560333a5add989ee1a4f97c09653ef6d1203992-14] ???????? ?????: ?? ??????? ???? . ??? ??? ????? ???: ADAGP/CISAC membership list at 07/01/2019 . ????: Societe des auteurs dans les arts graphiques et plastiques. ??????? ?????: ???? . ???????: Societe des auteurs dans les arts graphiques et plastiques.

[079aa3703a3532c2b39c18daed74026ac2967f67-15] ???? ^???? ??? ??? ????? ???: Gunter Grass - Die Blechtrommel. Kommentar und Materialien (2010 Steidl ed.) . ????: 119. ????: Steidl. ??? ?? ???? ????: ?????? ????. ??????? ?????: ???? . ???????: Volker Neuhaus.

[f5bda400415f4c022985fc431b777887736e28d0-16] ????? ????????: https://hans-christian-andersen-priskomite.dk/prismodtager/ . ???????? ?????: ? ???? ???? .

[1786d4f643dcbb27a1ef0f75521bca462f6181e4-17] ????? ????????: http://www.pfeiferauchen.de/specials/pfeifenraucher-des-jahres/ . ???????? ?????: ?? ????? ???? . ???????????? ??: ????? ????? ?? ????? . ????? ???????: ? ???? ???? . ????? ???????: https://web.archive.org/web/20160305025601/http://www.pfeiferauchen.de/specials/pfeifenraucher-des-jahres/ .

[837cfa4023364096556e67debca85d6ebb40b0b0-18] ????? ????????: https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1999/ .

[2aadacb799507856faaf0815929ae9a0041615fb-19] ????? ????????: https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/ .

[c09f02953f95dd036018e222410bc1b32ca5f031-20] ???????? ?????: ?? ???? ???? . ????? ????????: https://amu.edu.pl/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/22731/doktoraty-honoris-causa-UAM-XXw.pdf . ??? ?? ???? ????: ??????? .

[31184e22f152614ecadad34deda4a230060fbb79-21] ????? ????????: https://www.theodor-heuss-stiftung.de/das-archiv/ . ???????? ?????: ?? ???? ???? .

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