??????

??????
	?????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????????
??????????	????????????????
?????????????????	???????? ???? ???????????? ????????????????
???????????????	???? ????????
?????????????? ???????
	; ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????

?????? ??? ???????????????????????? (??????/????) ????????? ??????????????? ????????? (????) ?????????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ????????????????????? ^[?] ???????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????? ? ???????????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ^[?]

????????? ??????????????? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? (dry cell) ?? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ???????? ???? (+) ????? (-) ??? ?????????? ??????????????? ????? ???????????????? ???????????????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????

???????????????? [ ?????????? ]

??????????????? ?????? (Plate) ????? ????????? ?????????????

??????? [ ?????????? ]

↑ Crompton? T. R. (2000-03-20)? Battery Reference Book (third ed.)? Newnes? p. Glossary 3? ISBN 978-0-08-049995-6 ? 2016-03-18 ???? ??????????? ?
↑ Pauling? Linus (1988)? "15: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions; Electrolysis"? General Chemistry ? New York: Dover Publications, Inc.? p. 539 ? ISBN 978-0-486-65622-9 ?

? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????????????? ????? ?????????????????????? ???????

[1] Crompton? T. R. (2000-03-20)? Battery Reference Book (third ed.)? Newnes? p. Glossary 3? ISBN 978-0-08-049995-6 ? 2016-03-18 ???? ??????????? ?

[Pauling1988-2] Pauling? Linus (1988)? "15: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions; Electrolysis"? General Chemistry ? New York: Dover Publications, Inc.? p. 539 ? ISBN 978-0-486-65622-9 ?

[?]

[?]