Letupan velar bersuara
ialah sejenis bunyi
konsonan
yang terdapat dalam kebanyakan
bahasa
lisan, dilambangkan oleh aksara
?
dalam
Abjad Fonetik Antarabangsa
(IPA) dan
g
dalam
X-SAMPA
. Aksara IPA-nya sepatutnya hanya ditulis dalam bentuk huruf "g berekor terbuka"
, tetapi huruf "g berekor gelung"
juga boleh diterima.
Dalam
bahasa Melayu
, letupan velar bersuara dilambangkan oleh huruf Rumi
g
atau huruf
Jawi
?
?
ga
, contohnya:
g
a
g
ak
????
?,
mang
g
a
???
?, dan
be
g
???
?.
Ciri-ciri letupan velar bersuara:
Bentuk varian
[?]
sunting
- Carbonell, Joan F.; Llisterri, Joaquim (1992), "Catalan",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
,
22
(1?2): 53?56
- Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995), "European Portuguese",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
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- Fougeron, Cecile; Smith, Caroline L (1993), "Illustrations of the IPA:French",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
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- Gussenhoven, Carlos (1992), "Dutch",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
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(2): 45?47
- Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
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33
(1): 103?107
- Martinez-Celdran, Eugenio; Fernandez-Planas, Ana Ma.; Carrera-Sabate, Josefina (2003), "Castilian Spanish",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
,
33
(2): 255?259
- Merrill, Elizabeth (2008), "Tilquiapan Zapotec",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
,
38
(1): 107?114
- Okada, Hideo (1991), "Phonetic Representation:Japanese",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
,
21
(2): 94?97
- Padgett, Jaye (2003), "Contrast and Post-Velar Fronting in Russian",
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory
,
21
(1): 39?87
- Rogers, Derek; d'Arcangeli, Luciana (2004), "Italian",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
,
34
(1): 117?121
- Shosted, Ryan K.; Vakhtang, Chikovani (2006), "Standard Georgian",
Journal of the International Phonetic Association
,
36
(2): 255?264
- Watson, Janet (2002).
The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic
. New York: Oxford University Press.