???? ??????

???????????, ??? ????????? ???????????.
Bubonic plague
A bubo on the upper thigh of a person infected with bubonic plague.
?????????????? Infectious disease
????????? Fever , headaches , vomiting, swollen lymph nodes [1] [2]
?????? ??????? 1?7 days after exposure [1]
???????? Yersinia pestis spread by fleas [1]
?????????????? ???? Finding the bacterium in the blood, sputum , or lymph nodes [1]
Treatment Antibiotics such as streptomycin , gentamicin , or doxycycline [3] [4]
??????? 650 cases reported a year [1]
???? 10% mortality with treatment [3]
30-90% if untreated [1] [3]

???????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???????????. [1] ??????????????? ?????????????????? ????? ???? ??? ??????????????, ??? ??????? ????????? ???????????. [1] ??????????? ???, ?????? , ?????? ?????? ????????????. [1] ??????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????. [2] ??????????, ?????? ??????? ???????. [1]

?????????? ??????????????? ?????? ??? ??????????? : ?????????? ?????? (???????????), ?????????????? ?????? (?????????? ??????), ?????????? ?????? (??????????????) ??????. [1] ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????. [1] ?????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????. [5] ?????????? ???? ???????????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????. [1] ?????, ??? , ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????. [1]

?????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????????????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????? ?????? ?????. [1] ?????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????????. [1] ?????????????????, ???????????, ????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????????? ????????????? ??????????. [3] [4] ?????? ???????? ???????????????????? 30% ???? 90% ??? ??????????????????.. [1] [3] ?????????? ????? ??????????????? ???? ??????????. [6] ????????????? ??? ?????? ?????? 10% ???. [3] ??????????? 2010 ??? 2015 ??? ????? 3248 ?????? ????????????????? 584 ??? ???????. [1] ?????????????? ??????????? ??? ????? , ???????? , ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????. [1]

14-?? ??????????? ????, ????????, ???????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????? 50 ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????. [1] [7] ??? ???????? ??????????? 25% ???? 60% ????. [1] [8] ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????????????, ????????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ??????????. [8] ??? ?????????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ????????????? ????????. [8] ???? ??????????? ??????? ???? ?????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? 1855-? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ??? , ??????? , ?????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????????????? ? ???? ?????????????? [9] "???????" ????????? ?????? βουβ?ν ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????????????. [10] " ?????? " ???? ??? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????. [11]

???????? [ ????????? ]

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 World Health Organization (November 2014). "Plague Fact sheet N°267" . Archived from the original on 24 April 2015 . Retrieved 10 May 2015 .
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Plague Symptoms" . 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 19 August 2015 . Retrieved 21 August 2015 .
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Prentice MB, Rahalison L (April 2007). "Plague". Lancet . 369 (9568): 1196?207. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60566-2 . PMID   17416264 . S2CID   208790222 .
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Plague Resources for Clinicians" . 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 21 August 2015 . Retrieved 21 August 2015 .
  5. ↑ "Plague Ecology and Transmission" . 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 22 August 2015 . Retrieved 21 August 2015 .
  6. ↑ Keyes, Daniel C. (2005). Medical response to terrorism : preparedness and clinical practice . Philadelphia [u.a.]: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 74. ISBN   9780781749862 . Archived from the original on 27 July 2020 . Retrieved 16 July 2020 .
  7. ↑ "Distinct Clones of Yersinia pestis Caused the Black Death" . PLOS Pathogens . 6 (#10): e1001134. 2010. doi : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001134 . PMC   2951374 . PMID   20949072 . {{ cite journal }} : CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI ( link )
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "Plague History" . 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 21 August 2015 . Retrieved 21 August 2015 .
  9. ↑ "Epidemiology of the Black Death and successive waves of plague" . Medical History Supplement . 52 (27): 74?100. 2008. doi : 10.1017/S0025727300072100 . PMC   2630035 . PMID   18575083 .
  10. ↑ LeRoux, Neil (2007). Martin Luther As Comforter: Writings on Death Volume 133 of Studies in the History of Christian Traditions . BRILL. p. 247. ISBN   9789004158801 . Archived from the original on 27 July 2020 . Retrieved 16 July 2020 .
  11. ↑ Edman, Bruce F. Eldridge, John D. (2004). Medical Entomology a Textbook on Public Health and Veterinary Problems Caused by Arthropods (Rev.. ed.). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. p. 390. ISBN   9789400710092 . Archived from the original on 27 July 2020 . Retrieved 16 July 2020 . {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link )
" https://ml.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=????_??????&oldid=4053957 " ???? ??????????? ??????????