???????????, ??? ????????? ???????????.
1922 ???? 1943-? ?????????????????????????? ???
??????????
???????????????????????
??????? ????????? ????????? ??????????
(1883
???? 29
- 1945
?????? 28
). ????????? ??????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????. ??????????? ???? ?????????????
?????????????
?????????? ?????? ????? ????????????????. ???? ???????????????
???????????????????
??????????? ?????????????? ?????? 1940 ??? ????
?????? ????????????????
????? ???????. ?????? ??????????? ????
???????????
????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????????? ??????.
1945
?????? ????????
????????????????
????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????????? ????? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????. ????????
????????????
?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????????.
1883 ????? 29-??? ?????????? ???????? ???????. ?????????????? ??????? ??? ??????????????????????. ?????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????, ????????? ?????? ????????????????.
1919 ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????????????????? ??????? ?????????. 1925-? ?????????????????.
- ↑
John Pollard (1998). "Mussolini's Rival's: The Limits of the Personality Cult in Fascist Italy," New Perspective 4(2).
http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~semp/facistitaly.htm
- ↑
2.0
2.1
Manhattan, Avro (1949). "Chapter 9: Italy, the Vatican and Fascism".
The Vatican in World Politics
.
;
;
;
- ↑
"But Mussolini talked in two tongues. By 1922 this former republican was reassuring the officer corps he was in favour of the monarchy. The ex-atheist was singing the praises of the Catholic church."
The resistible rise of Benito Mussolini and Italy's fascists
Archived
2012-02-06 at the
Wayback Machine
.
, Socialist Worker Online, 16 November 2002, issue 1826 (Accessed 6 June 2007)