??????? ????????????

??????? ????????????
??????? ????????????
	2009 ??????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????
????	Mark Richard Shuttleworth ; 18 ?????????? 1973 (50 ??????) ; Welkom , Orange Free State , South Africa
??????	South African and British
?????	Entrepreneur
Space Adventures Tourist
???????????? ????????? ????	9d 21h 25m
?????????	Soyuz TM-34 / TM-33
??????????
??????????	www .markshuttleworth .com

???????? ??????

https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Shuttleworth

??????? ????????? ???????????? (???? ?????????? 18 , 1973 ) ??? ?????????????? ???????????, ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??????????, ????????????????? ???????? ????????????????????. ^[1]^[2] ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ???????.

?? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????????????. ^[3]^[4]2020-?? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????????, ?????????????? 500 ?????? ?????? ???????????. ^[5]

??????? ?????? [ ????????? ]

?????????????????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??????-????? ????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????, ^[6] ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????? (?????? 1986-? ???? ???? ???) ??????? ???????, ???????? ??????????? ??? ???. ??????? ????????, ???????? ?????????/?????? ??????? ???????, ????? ??????? 1991-? ???? ???? ?????????. ^[7]^[8]???????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????. ?????????????????????, ?????????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????????????? ??????? ??????????. ^[9]

?????? [ ????????? ]

↑ africaninspace.com (2002). "First African in Space" . HBD. {{ cite web }}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored ( |access-date= suggested) ( help )
↑ Shuttleworth is the first citizen of an independent African country to go into space. Patrick Baudry , an earlier astronaut, was also born in Africa; however, because Baudry's native Cameroon was a French colony at the time of his birth, he is considered a French citizen (although Shuttleworth also had British citizenship at the time of his flight).
↑ Leake, Jonathan; Swinford, Steven (19 July 2009). "It's blast-off Britain as ban on space flight ends" . The Sunday Times . London. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013 . Retrieved 7 April 2013 . Mark Shuttleworth, a South African entrepreneur with dual British nationality, took a different route, paying ￡12m for Russia ...
↑ "Mark Shuttleworth ? Contact Details" . Mark Shuttleworth. Archived from the original on 2023-10-05 . Retrieved 24 September 2010 .
↑ Times, The Sunday. "Rich List 2020: Profiles 201?300=" . ISSN 0140-0460 . Retrieved 2020-09-23 .
↑ Vance, Ashlee (10 January 2009). "A Software Populist Who Doesn't Do Windows" . New York Times . Retrieved 12 January 2009 . charismatic 35-year-old billionaire from South Africa ... son of a surgeon and a kindergarten teacher
↑ Western Province Preparatory School (18 February 2011). "WPPS embraces every aspect of today's educational requirements" (A Commercial Feature) . Cape Times . p. 12 . Retrieved 29 September 2012 . and 1986 head boy Mark Shuttleworth, who, as the first South African in space, flew with the Soyuz mission to the International Space Station ^{[
???????????????? ?????
]}
↑ "Interesting Facts" . Invitation to Bishops . Bishops Diocesan College . Archived from the original on 17 ??????? 2013 . Retrieved 29 ?????????? 2012 . Mark Shuttleworth was Head boy in 1991 and was the first Afronaut in Space on 2 April 2002
↑ "Quick facts about UCT" . news.uct.ac.za . Retrieved 2017-11-15 .

??????????????? ??????????? ? ????? ????????????. ??? ???????????????? ?????????? .

[mark-1] ricaninspace.com (2002). "First African in Space" . HBD. {{ cite web }}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored ( |access-date= suggested) ( help )

[african-2] Shuttleworth is the first citizen of an independent African country to go into space. Patrick Baudry , an earlier astronaut, was also born in Africa; however, because Baudry's native Cameroon was a French colony at the time of his birth, he is considered a French citizen (although Shuttleworth also had British citizenship at the time of his flight).

[3] Leake, Jonathan; Swinford, Steven (19 July 2009). "It's blast-off Britain as ban on space flight ends" . The Sunday Times . London. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013 . Retrieved 7 April 2013 . Mark Shuttleworth, a South African entrepreneur with dual British nationality, took a different route, paying ￡12m for Russia ...

[4] "Mark Shuttleworth ? Contact Details" . Mark Shuttleworth. Archived from the original on 2023-10-05 . Retrieved 24 September 2010 .

[5] Times, The Sunday. "Rich List 2020: Profiles 201?300=" . ISSN 0140-0460 . Retrieved 2020-09-23 .

[nyt-vance-6] Vance, Ashlee (10 January 2009). "A Software Populist Who Doesn't Do Windows" . New York Times . Retrieved 12 January 2009 . charismatic 35-year-old billionaire from South Africa ... son of a surgeon and a kindergarten teacher

[wpps-ad-7] Western Province Preparatory School (18 February 2011). "WPPS embraces every aspect of today's educational requirements" (A Commercial Feature) . Cape Times . p. 12 . Retrieved 29 September 2012 . and 1986 head boy Mark Shuttleworth, who, as the first South African in space, flew with the Soyuz mission to the International Space Station ^{[
???????????????? ?????
]}

[bishops-invite-8] "Interesting Facts" . Invitation to Bishops . Bishops Diocesan College . Archived from the original on 17 ??????? 2013 . Retrieved 29 ?????????? 2012 . Mark Shuttleworth was Head boy in 1991 and was the first Afronaut in Space on 2 April 2002

[9] "Quick facts about UCT" . news.uct.ac.za . Retrieved 2017-11-15 .

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