???????????, ??? ????????? ???????????.
????.??. 5-?? ????????????? 4-?? ?????????????
??? ??????????
???????????? ???????????
???? ???????
. ? ??????? ???????????
??????? ????????????
???????
????????
???? ??????????? ??? ??????????????
????????????
??????? ????????????????????. ???????????? 88-?? ??????? ???????. 100 ???? ??????????? ? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????? ???. ????????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????????????.
????? ????????????????????????
???. ?????????????????
?????????????????
?????????? ??????????????,
???????????????
??????????.
????????? ???????
[
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]
??????? ????????????
???????
??????????
?????????? ?????? ????? ???????????? ??? ? ?????????? ???????????. ????????????
???????????? ??????
????? ??????????????. ??????? ?????? ???????,
????????
,
??????
,
?????
,
??????
,
???????
,
????????
,
??????
,
???????
,
??????????
??????????? ???????????????.
??????????
????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????????????. 88-?? ?????????? ???????????? ????????. ???????, 100 ???? ??????????? ???? ????????????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ???.
???? ????????????????? ????
[
?????????
]
????????? ?????
???????
?????????. (
?????????????
, ??????????
?????????????
?????
????????
,
???????
???????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????). ??? ???? ??????????
???
???? ?????????????? ?????
??????????? ??????
???????? ?????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????. ????
??????????? ???????
????? ??????? ??????????????
???????
?????????. ????.??. 321-? ??????? ?????????????. ???
????? ?????????????????
??????? ????????.
?????????????????
????? ??????? ?????????? ????:???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????????
??????????????????
???????? ???????????????? ???????? ????? ????????????????? ????????????????:
- "?????????????????, ??? ?????????????????, ????????????? ???????? ?????????????????????, "?????????? ? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????????, ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????:?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ????????????" ????? ??????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????????????."
[1]
???? ?????????????
[
?????????
]
- ??????? ?????
(????.??. 424 ? ?)
- ???????
- ????????
- ???????
- ???????????
- ??????????
- ??????????
- ??????
- ?? ????? (????????) (? ? ????.??. 321)
|
?????????
?????????? ??????????
|
??????-????????? ??????
(
???????
-
Sapta Sindhu
)
|
??????-???? ?????
|
????????????
|
????????????
|
Western Gangetic Plain
(
Kuru
-
Panchala
)
|
Northern India
(Central Gangetic Plain)
|
Northeastern India
(
Northeast India
)
|
IRON AGE
|
Culture
|
Late
Vedic Period
|
Late
Vedic Period
(Brahmin ideology)
[i]
Painted Grey Ware culture
|
Late
Vedic Period
(Kshatriya/Shramanic culture)
[ii]
Northern Black Polished Ware
|
Pre-history
|
6-?? ?????????? ??.??
|
Gandhara
|
Kuru
-
Panchala
|
Magadha
|
|
Adivasi (tribes)
|
|
Culture
|
Persian-Greek influences
|
"
Second Urbanisation
"
Rise of Shramana movements
Jainism
-
Buddhism
-
?j?vika
-
Yoga
|
Pre-history
|
5-?? ?????????? ??.??
|
(
Persian rule
)
|
|
Shishunaga dynasty
|
|
Adivasi (tribes)
|
|
4-?? ?????????? ??.??
|
(
Greek conquests
)
|
|
Nanda empire
Kalinga
|
|
|
HISTORICAL AGE
|
Culture
|
Spread of Buddhism
|
Pre-history
|
Sangam period
(300 BC ? 200 AD)
|
3-?? ?????????? ??.??
|
Maurya Empire
|
Early Cholas
Early Pandyan Kingdom
Satavahana dynasty
Cheras
46 other small kingdoms in
Ancient Thamizhagam
|
Culture
|
Preclassical Hinduism
[iii]
-
"Hindu Synthesis"
[iv]
(ca. 200 BC - 300 AD)
[v]
[vi]
Epics
-
Puranas
-
Ramayana
-
Mahabharata
-
Bhagavad Gita
-
Brahma Sutras
-
Smarta Tradition
Mahayana Buddhism
|
Sangam period
(continued)
(300 BC ? 200 AD)
|
2-?? ?????????? ??.??.
|
Indo-Greek Kingdom
|
Shunga Empire
|
|
Adivasi (tribes)
|
Early Cholas
Early Pandyan Kingdom
Satavahana dynasty
Cheras
46 other small kingdoms in
Ancient Thamizhagam
|
1-?? ?????????? ??.??
|
|
???
|
??? ??????? ???????
|
|
1-?? ?????????? ?.??
|
|
Indo-Scythians
Indo-Parthians
|
Kuninda Kingdom
|
|
2-?? ??????????
|
|
Pahlava
|
|
Varman dynasty
|
3-?? ??????????
|
|
Kushan Empire
|
Western Satraps
|
Kamarupa
kingdom
|
Kalabhras dynasty
Pandyan Kingdom(Under Kalabhras)
|
Culture
|
"Golden Age of Hinduism"
(ca. AD 320-650)
[vii]
Puranas
Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism
|
4-?? ??????????
|
Gupta Empire
|
Kalabhras dynasty
Pandyan Kingdom(Under Kalabhras)
Kadamba Dynasty
Western Ganga Dynasty
|
5-?? ??????????
|
|
|
Maitraka
|
|
Adivasi (tribes)
|
Kalabhras dynasty
Pandyan Kingdom(Under Kalabhras)
Vishnukundina
|
6-?? ??????????
|
|
|
|
|
Kalabhras dynasty
Pandyan Kingdom(Under Kalabhras)
|
Culture
|
Late-Classical Hinduism
(ca. AD 650-1100)
[viii]
Advaita Vedanta
-
Tantra
Decline of Buddhism in India
|
7-?? ??????????
|
Indo-Sassanids
|
Vakataka dynasty
Empire of Harsha
|
Mlechchha dynasty
|
Adivasi (tribes)
|
Pandyan Kingdom(Under Kalabhras)
Pandyan Kingdom(Revival)
Pallava
|
8-?? ??????????
|
|
Kidarite Kingdom
|
|
|
Pandyan Kingdom
Kalachuri
|
9-?? ??????????
|
Indo-Hephthalites (Huna)
|
Gurjara-Pratihara
|
|
Pandyan Kingdom
Medieval Cholas
Pandyan Kingdom(Under Cholas)
Chalukya
Chera Perumals of Makkotai
|
10-?? ??????????
|
|
|
|
Pala dynasty
Kamboja-Pala dynasty
|
Medieval Cholas
Pandyan Kingdom(Under Cholas)
Chera Perumals of Makkotai
Rashtrakuta
|
References and sources for table
References
- ↑
Samuel
- ↑
Samuel
- ↑
Michaels (2004) p.39
- ↑
Hiltebeitel (2002)
- ↑
Michaels (2004) p.39
- ↑
Hiltebeitel (2002)
- ↑
Micheals (2004) p.40
- ↑
Michaels (2004) p.41
Sources
- Flood, Gavin D. (1996),
An Introduction to Hinduism
, Cambridge University Press
- Hiltebeitel, Alf
(2002),
Hinduism. In: Joseph Kitagawa, "The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture"
, Routledge
- Michaels, Axel (2004),
Hinduism. Past and present
, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press
- Samuel, Geoffrey (2010),
The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century
, Cambridge University Press
|