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https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir

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Clockwise from top : Rangdum village ; Tso Moriri ; Leh city and Likir Monastery
Seal
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Coordinates (Srinagar): 33°27′N 76°14′E  /  33.45°N 76.24°E  / 33.45; 76.24
??????	India
??????? ???????????????? ????????	26 October 1947
????????	??????? (????????????) ????? (?????-??????) [1]
???????	22
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?  ??????	?????????? (87 ????????) ?????? + 36 ???????? ?????? ), (?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????.)
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???????	5th [note 1]
???????????? ????? [4]	7,672 ??(25,171 ???)
??????? ????? [5]	300 ??(1,000 ???)
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? ???	1,25,41,302
? ??????	19
? ??????????	56/?.??.??.(150/? ??)
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?  Total (2018?19)	? 1.16 ????? ???? (US$18 billion)
???????	UTC+05:30 ( IST )
ISO ????	IN-JK
???? ????????????	JK
HDI	0.684 [7] ( medium )
HDI rank	17th (2017)
???????	68.74 (30th)
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????? ?????	??????? , ?????? , ?????? , ??????? , ????? , ?????? , ??????? , Dadri, ??????? [8] [9] [10] ?????????? , [11] ??????? , [12] ????? , [13] ??????? , [14] ??????? , [15] ??? , [16] ?????????? , [17] ?????????????? [18] and ???? [19]
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????	Kashmir stag
?????	Black-necked crane
??????	Lotus
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?????-?????? ( ?????? : ????? ?? ??????; ????? : ?????? ?????) ) ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? .?????? ?????? ??????? , ????????? ????????? , ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????-???????????? ??????????. ????? , ?????? , ?????????? ????? ????????????? ????????? ???????. ????????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ????????. ??????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????????????????. ?????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ???? , ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ^[20] .

?????? ???????????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????? ??? ??????????????. ?????? , ????????? , ??? ????? ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????????????. ?????-?????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ? ???????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????????????. ?????? ?????-???????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????. ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????????????????. ?????? ? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????????????????. ????????????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????????????????. ???????????? ????? ????????? ???????????? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????????. ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ? ???????. ??????????? ????????????. ??????, ???? ?????????? ????????? ????? ??????.

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??????-????????? ???????????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????. ???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??????????????. ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????? ????????. ????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? . ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????????????. ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? 1947,1965 ?????? ???????????????. ????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????. ????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????????????? ????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????, ?????????? ???????? ????????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????. ??? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????????. 1985 ??????????? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ????????????????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????. ????????? 1999? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????. ??????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????. 2019 ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????????????? ????? ??????. ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? 370?? ?????????, ?????????????? ????? ??????????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????????? 35A ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ????????????. ????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??????, ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????.

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2019 ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????????????? ????? ??????. ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? 370?? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????????. ?????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??????.

??????? ?????????? 370-?? ??????????????? ?????????, ??????????????, ??????????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ???????? ?????-????????? ??????????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ???????????????.

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1. ↑ Desk, The Hindu Net (8 ???? 2017). "What is the Darbar Move in J&K all about?" . The Hindu (in Indian English). Archived from the original on 10 ????? 2017 . Retrieved 23 ????????? 2019 .
2. ↑ "Satya Pal Malik sworn in as Jammu and Kashmir governor" . The Economic Times . Press Trust of India. 23 ???????? 2018. Archived from the original on 23 ???????? 2018 . Retrieved 31 ???????? 2018 .
3. ↑ "BJP-PDP alliance ends in Jammu and Kashmir LIVE updates: Mehbooba Mufti resigns as chief minister; Governor's Rule in state" . Firstpost . 19 June 2018 . Retrieved 19 June 2018 .
4. ↑ "Saser Kangri - AAC Publications - Search The American Alpine Journal and Accidents" . publications.americanalpineclub.org . Archived from the original on 14 ????????? 2019 . Retrieved 14 ????????? 2019 .
5. ↑ Raina, A.N. "Climate Patterns and Climatic Divisions" . Archived from the original on 16 ??? 2018 . Retrieved 5 ??? 2018 .
6. ↑ "Jammu and Kashmir Budget Analysis 2018-19" . PRSIndia (in ????????). 19 ?????? 2018. Archived from the original on 24 ????????? 2019 . Retrieved 24 ????????? 2019 .
7. ↑ "Sub-national HDI ? Area Database" . Global Data Lab (in ????????). Institute for Management Research, Radboud University. Archived from the original on 23 ?????????? 2018 . Retrieved 25 ?????????? 2018 .
8. ↑ ^{8.0 8.1} "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF) . Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 49. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016 . Retrieved 14 January 2015 .
9. ↑ Khan, N. (6 ???????? 2012). The Parchment of Kashmir: History, Society, and Polity (in ????????). Springer. p. 184. ISBN   9781137029584 . Archived from the original on 23 ????????? 2019 . Retrieved 23 ????????? 2019 .
10. ↑ Aggarwal, J. C.; Agrawal, S. P. (1995). Modern History of Jammu and Kashmir: Ancient times to Shimla Agreement (in ????????). Concept Publishing Company. ISBN   9788170225577 . Archived from the original on 24 ????????? 2019 . Retrieved 23 ????????? 2019 .
11. ↑ Zangskari (in ????????).
12. ↑ Bhadrawahi (in ????????).
13. ↑ Purik (in ????????).
14. ↑ Shakspo, Nawang Tsering (2005). "Tibetan (Bhoti)?An Endangered Script in Trans-Himalaya". The Tibet Journal . Vol. 30. Library of Tibetan Works and Archives. pp. 61?64. ISSN   0970-5368 . JSTOR   43301113 .
15. ↑ Bateri (in ????????).
16. ↑ Crane, Robert I. (1956). Area Handbook on Jammu and Kashmir State (in English). University of Chicago for the Human Relations Area Files. p. 179. Shina is the most eastern of these languages and in some of its dialects such as the Brokpa of Dah and Hanu and the dialect of Dras, it impinges upon the area of the Sino-Tibetan language family and has been affected by Tibetan with an overlay of words and idioms. {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: unrecognized language ( link )
17. ↑ Pakistan's "Burushaski" Language Finds New Relatives (in ????????).
18. ↑ Brokskat (in ????????).
19. ↑ Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D. (2017). Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Twentieth Edition (in English). Dallas: SIL International . {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: unrecognized language ( link )
20. ↑ "??????????? ???????" (PDF) . ?????? ????? . 2012 ????????? 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-06 . Retrieved 2013 ????????? 11 . {{ cite news }} : Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= ( help )

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