?????? ??????????

??? ??????? ???????? 182
	??? ??????? VT-EFO ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????? (1985 ??? 10)
????? ;????????
?????	23 June 1985
???????	Bombing
??????	????????????? ???????, ?????? ???????
??????????	307
????	22
???????	329 (all)
????? ???	Boeing 747-237B
????? ????	Emperor Kanishka
??????????	Air India
???????? ??????	Montreal-Mirabel Int'l Airport ; Montreal , Quebec , Canada
??? ????????	London Heathrow Airport ; London, England , United Kingdom
????????????	Indira Gandhi Int'l Airport ; New Delhi , India

???????? ??????

https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanishka_Aircraft_Occurance

???????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??? ????????????????? 329 ??????????????? ????????????????? ????????????? 23 ???1985 ?? ??? ??????? ???????? 182 ????????????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????????? . ^[1] ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????182 ??? ??????? 31000 ??? (9,400 ??.)???????? ????? ????? ???????????????????? ???????????????. ? ??????? ????? ????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????. ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????. 268 ??????? ??????????, 74 ?????????? ??????????, 24 ??????? ?????????? ???????????????????????. ^[2]

???????? ???????????? ??????? ???? ????????????????? ? ????? ???????????????????. ^[3] ????? ???????????????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????????? ????????????. ????????????, ????????? 20 ???? ???????? ????????????.

?????????? [ ????????? ]

??????? ????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ????? ?????????. ??????? ????????????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ???????????. ???? ?????????????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????????????. ???? ??????? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????? ??? ????????? ??????????????. ?????? ? ????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????. ^[4] 1971 ?? ?????????? ?????? ????????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????????????. ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ????????????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????????????????????. 1980 ?????, ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ????. ?????????,???????????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????????????? ????? ?????????????. ^[5]

????????????? [ ????????? ]

????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????????????????. ???????? ??????????, ?? ?????? ???? ????????????? ???????, ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????????????. ^[6] ?????????????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ???? ?????,????????? ???????,??????????? ????????????? ?????? ????????????????????. ^[7]

?????? [ ????????? ]

↑ ???.??, ?????????? (2009). ????????????? ??? ??????? ???????? . ??????????? ???????????. p. 261. ISBN 978-8120740747 .
↑ "? ?????????" . ??????? ????????????????? ??????????. 16-???????-2005. Archived from the original on 2005-03-18 . Retrieved 2013-07-30 . {{ cite news }}: Check date values in: |date= ( help )
↑ "? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? 182" . ??????? ????????????????? ??????????. 16-???????-2005. Archived from the original on 2013-07-30 . Retrieved 2023-09-10 . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |date= ( help ) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link )
↑ ?????, ???????? (2005). ?????? ???????? . ???????. ISBN 978-1550289046 . {{ cite book }}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored ( |author= suggested) ( help )
↑ "??.??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???" . ??????? ????????????. 28-???-2002. {{ cite news }}: Check date values in: |date= ( help )
↑ ????.??, ?????????? (2004). ??????? ???????????? . ??????? ????????? ??????. p. 241. ISBN 978-8128808722 .
↑ ???? ?? (17-???-2012). "??????? ??????????? ???? 1985 ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????" . ??.??.?? . Retrieved 23-???-2012 . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= ( help )

[kanishka22-1] ???.??, ?????????? (2009). ????????????? ??? ??????? ???????? . ??????????? ???????????. p. 261. ISBN 978-8120740747 .

[victims1-2] "? ?????????" . ??????? ????????????????? ??????????. 16-???????-2005. Archived from the original on 2005-03-18 . Retrieved 2013-07-30 . {{ cite news }}: Check date values in: |date= ( help )

[canada1-3] "? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? 182" . ??????? ????????????????? ??????????. 16-???????-2005. Archived from the original on 2013-07-30 . Retrieved 2023-09-10 . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |date= ( help ) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link )

[st1-4] ?????, ???????? (2005). ?????? ???????? . ???????. ISBN 978-1550289046 . {{ cite book }}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored ( |author= suggested) ( help )

[rivalry1-5] "??.??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???" . ??????? ????????????. 28-???-2002. {{ cite news }}: Check date values in: |date= ( help )

[credit1-6] ????.??, ?????????? (2004). ??????? ???????????? . ??????? ????????? ??????. p. 241. ISBN 978-8128808722 .

[kanishka1-7] ???? ?? (17-???-2012). "??????? ??????????? ???? 1985 ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????" . ??.??.?? . Retrieved 23-???-2012 . {{ cite web }}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= ( help )

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]