??-???????

???????? ?????????????
??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????
???????? ????????????? ; ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????
?????? ????	Imam Abu Hamid Al Gazali
????	?.?? 1058
????	December 19, ?.?? 1111
Ethnicity	Arab
????????	?????????? ???????????
Region	?????? , ??????? ????
Madh'hab	Sunnah
??????	Sufism , Sunnite ( Shafi'ite ), Asharite
?????? ????????????	????????? ??????
??????????? ???????	????? ?????
????????	Revival of Religious Sciences , The Incoherence of the Philosophers
	???????????????????? Fakhruddin Razi , Maimonides Thomas Aquinas , Raymund Martin , Nicholas of Autrecourt , Shah Waliullah Abdul-Qader Bedil ;

???????? ??????

https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Ghazali

???????? ?????????, ????????????????, ????????, ?????????????????, ??????????????, ???? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ???????????????????? ?? ??????? ( 1058 - ?????? 19 , 1111 ) ^[3]^[4]. (????? ????? 450-505) ????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????????.?????????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??????????? ???????. ?????????????????? ????????? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ???????????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????. ??????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ?????????. ????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? "???? ?????????? ".

?????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ^[5]. ???????????????? ??????????????? ????????????? ????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ????????.

????? ??? [ ????????? ]

450/1058 ???? ??????? ????? ???????
???????????? ?????????????? ?????????
478/1085 ?? ?????? (Imam al-Haramyan) ???? ??????????? ????. ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????.
484/1091 ?????????? ??????? ?????????????????? ???????????.
485/1092 ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????.
488/1095 ?????????? ??????? ?????? ( Dhu’l - Qa’da 488/ November 1095 ?).
498/1105 ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????
499/1106 ?????????? ??????????? ????????????.
505/1111 ???? ??????? ?????????? ^[6]

?????? ?????? [ ????????? ]

??????? [ ????????? ]

???????? ??????(Aims of Philosophers) ^[7]
??????? ?????? (The Incoherence of the Philosophers) ^[7]
??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? (Criterion of Knowledge in the Art of Logic) ^[7]
??????? ??? ??? ?????? (Touchstone of Reasoning in Logic)
?? ????????? ????????(The Correct Balance) ^[7]

??????? [ ????????? ]

?? ??????? ???? ???? (Rescuer from Error)
?????????? ??? (Proof of the Truth)
?? ????????? ??? ????????? (Median in Belief)
?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????(The best means in explaining Allah's Beautiful Names)
???????? ????? ? ???????? (Jewels of the Qur'an and its Pearls)
??????????? ?????] (The Niche of Lights)

?????? [ ????????? ]

??????? ??? (Criterion of Action) ^[8]
?????? ?????????? "????????????????? ?????????" ^[8]
?????????? ????? (Beginning of Guidance) ^[8]
???????? ???????? ( The Alchemy of Happiness ) [a resume of Ihya'ul ulum, in Persian ) ^[8]
??????? ????? (Counseling Kings) [in Persian] ^[8]
?? ??????? ??? ????? (Rescuer from Error) ^[8]
???????? ?????? (Methodolgy for the Worshipers) ^[7]

???????????? [ ????????? ]

??????????? ??? ??? (Verdicts of al-Ghazali)
?? ????? ??? ????? (The medium [digest] in the Jurisprudential school)
?????? ?????? (Prunning on Legal Theory)
?? ?????? (The Clarified in Legal Theory)
?????? ?????? (Foundation of Analogical reasoning)

?????? [ ????????? ]

↑ The Influence of Islamic Thought on Maimonides Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, June 30, 2005
↑ Muslim Philosophy Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine ., Islamic Contributions to Science & Math, netmuslims.com
↑ Ghazali Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine ., The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2006
↑ [1] Archived 2012-01-22 at the Wayback Machine . Bowering, Gerhard - ?AZ?L? entry in Encyclopaedia Iranica
↑ The Faith and Practice of Al-Ghazali . William Montgomery Watt . Published in 1953 by George Allen and Unwin Ltd, London. Pg 14.
↑ http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/al-ghazali/
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 ^7.4 Mohd Hassan. Socio economic thoughts of Al Ghazali (PDF) . p. 44 . Retrieved 5 ????? 2019 . ^{[
???????????????? ?????
]}
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 ^8.5 Mohd Hassan. Socio economic thoughts of Al Ghazali (PDF) . p. 43 . Retrieved 5 ????? 2019 . ^{[
???????????????? ?????
]}

?????? ?????????? [ ????????? ]

Laoust, H: La politique de Gazali , Paris 1970
Campanini, M.: Al-Ghazzali , in S.H. Nasr and O. Leaman, History of Islamic Philosophy 1996
Watt, W. M.: Muslim Intellectual: A Study of al-Ghazali , Edinburgh 1963
Zwemer, S. M. A Moslem Seeker after God , New York 1920
Nakamura, K. Al-Ghazali , Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Dougan, A. The Glimpse , A study of the inner teaching of the Mishkat al-Alwar (The Niche for Lights) by Abdullah Dougan ISBN 0-9597566-6-3

???????????????? ??????? [ ????????? ]

Al-Ghazali website
Ghazali and Islamic reform
Ghazali and the Revival of Islamic Scholarship
Full text of Incoherence of the Philosophers , from Al-Ghazali website
Al-Ghazali entry by Frank Griffel in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Short commentary on The Alchemy of Happiness
The Alchemy of Happiness, by Mohammed Al-Ghazzali, the Mohammedan Philosopher, trans. Henry A. Homes (Albany, N.Y.: Munsell, 1873). See original text in The Online Library of Liberty Archived 2013-05-18 at the Wayback Machine ..
"Al-Ghazali Contra Aristotle: An Unforeseen Overture to Science In Eleventh-Century Baghdad" . Richard P. Aulie. PSCF 45. March 1994. pp. 26?46.
Review of Ghazali's Tahafat al-Falasifa
Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine ., in http://www.intellectualencounters.org/ Archived 2012-04-15 at the Wayback Machine .
(in French) Profession de Foi de l'Imam Al Ghazali

??????? ???????? ??????????? ? ????? ????????????. ??? ???????????????? ?????????? .

[plato.stanford.edu-1] The Influence of Islamic Thought on Maimonides Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, June 30, 2005

[2] Muslim Philosophy Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine ., Islamic Contributions to Science & Math, netmuslims.com

[3] Ghazali Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine ., The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2006

[4] [1] Archived 2012-01-22 at the Wayback Machine . Bowering, Gerhard - ?AZ?L? entry in Encyclopaedia Iranica

[5] The Faith and Practice of Al-Ghazali . William Montgomery Watt . Published in 1953 by George Allen and Unwin Ltd, London. Pg 14.

[6] ttp://plato.stanford.edu/entries/al-ghazali/

[MH44-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 ^7.4 Mohd Hassan. Socio economic thoughts of Al Ghazali (PDF) . p. 44 . Retrieved 5 ????? 2019 . ^{[
???????????????? ?????
]}

[MH43-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 ^8.5 Mohd Hassan. Socio economic thoughts of Al Ghazali (PDF) . p. 43 . Retrieved 5 ????? 2019 . ^{[
???????????????? ?????
]}

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

? ? ?? Scholars of Khorasan
Scientists:	Abu Ma'shar Abu Wafa Abu Zayd Balkhi Alfraganus Ali Qushji Avicenna Birjandi Biruni H?sib Marwaz? Ibn Hayy?n Kh?zin Kh?zin? Khujandi Khwarizmi Nasawi Nasir al-Din Tusi Omar Khayyam Sharaf al-Din Tusi Sijzi
Philosophers:	Ghazali Amiri Avicenna Farabi Nasir Khusraw Qushayri Sejestani Shahrastani
Islamic Scholars:	Abu Dawood Abu Hanifa Ahmad ibn Hanbal Ansari Baghavi Bayhaqi Bukhari H?kim Nishapuri Juwayni Malik ibn Dinar Maturidi Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj Nishapuri Nasa'i Qushayri Razi Shaykh Tusi Taftazani Tirmizi Zamakhshari
Poets and artists:	Abu al-Khair Attar Behzad Daqiqi Ferdowsi Jami Rabi'a Balkhi Rudaki Rumi San?'?
Historians and political figures:	Abul-Fazl Bayhaqi Abu Muslim Khorasani Abu Sa??d Gard?z? Ali Sher Nava'i Ata al-Mulk Juvayni Aufi Bal'ami Gawhar Shad Ibn Khordadbeh Khalid ibn Barmak Nizam al-Mulk Tahir Foshanji Yahya Barmaki

? ? ?? ???????? ???????????
??????	Aqidah 'Aql Cosmology Theoretical Astronomy ) Eschatology ????????? Kalam ?????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? Metaphysics Natural Philosophy ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????????
????? ?????????	?????? ?????? Ash'ari Athari Maturidi ??????? Mu'tazila Murji'ah ???? ??????? Imami ????????? Zaydi
??????????????	???? ??-?????? ??? ???? ????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ????? ??? ?????? Wasil ibn Ata Amr ibn Ubayd Abd al-Jabbar al-Ash'ari al-Maturidi Al-Ghazali Al-Shahrastani Fakhr al-Din al-Razi al-Ball??? Al-Jahiz Al-Jubba'i Al-Masudi Said Nursi ?????? ??????? Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid Shaykh Tusi al-Shirazi ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab Muhammad Taqi Usmani Ibn al-Qayyim Fazlur Rahman Malik Morteza Motahhari ???? ??????? ????????? Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr
????????????????????	Al-Irshad Aqeedat Tahawiyyah Risale-i Nur

? ? ?? ????????????? ????????
???????	Abdal Baqaa Dervish Dhawq ?????? Fanaa Haal Keramat Haqiqa Ihsan Irfan Kashf Lataif Manzil Marifa Nafs Noor Qalandar Qutb Silsila Sufi cosmology Sufi metaphysics Sufi philosophy Sufi poetry Sufi psychology Sulook Tazkiah Wali Yaqeen
????????	Anasheed ????? Ha?ra Muraqaba ??????? Sama Whirling Ziyarat
?????????	Akbar? Alev? Alians Ashrafia Azeemia Ba 'Alaw? Bayram? Bektash? Chisht? Galib? Gulshan? ?ur?f? Idr?s? Jelvet? Jerrah? Khalid? Khalwat? Kubr?w? Madar? Mal?mat? Mawl?w? Mour?d? ???????????? Naqshbandi Uwais? Nasuh? Ni'matull?h? Nuqtaw? ????????? Qal?nd?r? Rifa'? Saf?v? Shadhil? Shatt?r? Suhraward? Sunbul? Tijan? Ussak? Uwais? Zahed?
?????????? ??????? ??????	Abd?l-Kh?liq Ghujdawan? Abdullah Ansari ?????? ????? ?????? Ab?l-Kh?yr ad-Da?hest?n? Afaq Khoja Ahmad Ghaz?l? Ahmed Yasav? al-Badawi ??-??????? Al-Hallaj Ali-Shir Nava'i al-Kh?r?q?n? Al-Q?sim al-Qay?ar? al-Qunaw? Am?r Kulal Ardabil? Ata Allah Attar Balım Sultan Baba Fakruddin Baha ?d-D?n Naqshband Bande Naw?z Baq? Billah Bayazid Bastam? Bhita'? Bulleh Shah Dehl?v? El-Desouki Erbili Erzurum? Far?d ?d-D?n Fozail Fuzuli G?lib ??????????? ?????? Ghulam Far?d Gul Baba Hajji Bayram Hajji Bektash ??????-? ?????? Halid? Ba?d?d? Haddad Hamad?n? Hansv? Harabat? Baba Harooni Hujwir? ibn Adham ibn ?Arab? Iraqi ????? ??? ?????? Ja'far al-Sadiq Jahangasht Jam? Jan-e-J?n??n Jazoul? Jil? Junayd Ba?d?d? K?k? Kaliyar? Karkh? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? Kubr? Magtymguly Pyragy Mahmud Huday? N?im? Najib al-Suhraward? Nas?m? Nasreddin Hoca Nathar Vali Ni'matull?h Wali Niz?m ?d-D?n Nur? Nurs? Otman Baba Pir Sultan Qutb ?d-D?n Hayd?r Qutb ?d-D?n Sh?r?z? ?????? ???????? Rabia Basri Raz? Rifa'? Rukn-e-Alam ???? Saad? Salman al-Faris? Sanai Sarı Saltuk Sheik Edebali Semnan? Silistrev? Shadhil? ?? ???????? Shah?b al-D?n Suhraward? Shams Tabriz? Shibl? Sultan Walad Surkh Bukhar? Taj al-D?n Gilan? Umar al-Suhraward? Sahl al-Tustari Yunus Emre Zakariya Zarruq Z?'l-N?n al-Misr?
?????????? ?????? ??????	Baba Rexheb Abdal Hak?m Murad Abdalqadir as-Sufi Ahmet Kayhan Dede Abdullah Naqshbandi Ahmad al-Alawi al-Shaghouri Ashfaq Ahmed Qalandar Baba Auliya Khwaja Shamsuddin Azeemi Bawa Muhaiyaddeen Feisal Abdul Rauf Fethullah Gulen Gohar Shahi Galip Hassan Kuscuoglu Ghulam Mustafa Hafiz Qamaruddin Hisham Kabbani Mai Safoora Meher Ali Muhammad Malik? Naz?m Al-Haqqan? Syed Waheed Ashraf Nuh Keller Nooruddeen Durkee Omar Shah Osman Nuri Topba? Pir Zulfiqar Qadeer Piya Raza Khan Reshad Feild ????????? ???????? Saheb Qibla Fultali Said Afandi al-Chirkawi Shahab Sufi Barkat Ali Syed Shujaat Tahir ul-Qadr? Tahir Allauddin Tajuddin Baba? Waris Ali Shah Wasif Zaheen
???? ???????	Agueli Almqvist Burckhardt Chittick Corbin Ernst Frager Guenon Hixon Lindbom Lings ????? ???? Schimmel Sells Shah Syed Waheed Ashraf Schuon Reynold A. Nicholson
???????????????? ????????	??????? Shariah Haqiqah Art History Music Poetry Shrines Texts
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