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Mustapha Kemal Ataturk
Mustapha Kemal Ataturk: imago
Mustapha Kemal Ataturk: subscriptio
Nativitas
:
1881
;
Thessalonica
Obitus
:
10 Novembris 1938
;
Dolmabahce Palace
Patria
:
Turcia
,
Imperium Ottomanicum
Nomen nativum
:
Ali Rıza o?lu Mustafa
Familia
Genitores
:
Ali Rıza Efendi
;
Zubeyde Hanım
Coniunx
:
Latife U?aki
Proles
:
Sabiha Gokcen
,
Ulku Adatepe
,
Abdurrahim Tuncak
,
Afet ?nan
,
Zehra Aylin
,
Rukiye Erkin
,
Nebile ?rdelp
,
Sı?ırtmac Mustafa
Memoria
Sepultura
:
Anıtkabir
,
Ethnography Museum of Ankara
Mustapha Kemal
(natus die
19 Maii
1881
; mortuus die
10 Novembris
1938
), post
primum bellum mundanum
rem publicam
Turcarum
restituit atque reformavit. Plurimi
cives
tamquam
deum
paene aliquem aut
heroem
saltem eum venerantur, cui, ut vero
patre patriae
, cognomen
Ataturk
a
parlamento
Turcarum anno
1934
additum est. Quod
vocabulum
, 'pater Turcarum' significans, postea saepe in solam eius nuncupationem adhiberi solet.
Mustafa Kemal natus est
Thessalonicae
anno
1881
. Dux diuturna
militia
spectatus, cum anno
1915
Britannos
, ne ad
Constantinopolim
procedere possent,
prohibuisset
, quominus
Hellesponto
potirentur, quamvis
Turcia
bello superata esset, anno
1921
, quidquid supererat de imperio Turcarum
imperatore
invito tam feliciter redintegravit, ut
Graecorum
exercitum
Asiae Occidentalis
occupandae cupidum e finibus patriae propellere posset. Graecos autem ipsos, qui diutius duobus milibus annorum et septingentis in
Asia
habitaverant, numero ad ter decies centena milia, in Graeciam expulit, Turcarum ex
Europa
ortarum ad quater centena milia in Turciam recepit.
Quam ob rem sua
auctoritas
tanta est facta ut, cum in re publica ad exemplum populorum
Europaeorum
radicitus renovanda et restituenda,
nihil
non moliretur: omnia facile impetraverit. Abolito igitur
regno
et
pontificatu
imperatoris
summaque rerum Constantinopoli
Ancyram
translata
cultum religionis a rebus publicis procul removit
feminasque eiusdem iuris
esse curavit atque viros. Anno
1928
,
linguam Turcicam
in
abecedarium Latinum
converti
iussit. Quas
leges
ne quis converteret, id quod nostra aetate iudicantibus
tyrannico
quodam more fecisse a multis videtur, quae gentes quam populus Turcarum multitudine minores in Turcia sedes habent, velut
Carduchi
,
Armenii
, Lases, eas linguis
institutionibus
moribusque
oppressis sub Turcarum nomine coegit omnes et exercitui custodiam rei publicae perpetuam mandavit.
Mortuus est Ataturk
Constantinopoli
die
10 Novembris
1938
.
- Ahmad, Feroz.
1993
.
The Making of Modern Turkey.
Londinii, Novi Eboraci: Routledge.
ISBN 978-0-415-07835-1
.
- Armstrong, Harold Courtenay.
1972
.
Grey Wolf, Mustafa Kemal: An Intimate Study of a Dictator.
Freeport Novi Eboraci: Books for Libraries Press.
ISBN 978-0-8369-6962-7
.
- Atillasoy, Yuksel (
2002
).
Ataturk: First President and Founder of the Turkish Republic
. Woodside Novi Eboraci: Woodside House.
ISBN
978-0971235342
.
- Barber, Noel (
1988
).
Lords of the Golden Horn: From Suleiman the Magnificent to Kemal Ataturk
. Londinii: Arrow.
ISBN
978-0099539506
.
- Barlas, Dilek (
1998
).
Statism and Diplomacy in Turkey: Economic and Foreign Policy Strategies in an Uncertain World, 1929?1939
. Novi Eboraci: Brill Academic Publishers.
ISBN
978-9004108554
.
- Cleveland, William L (
2004
).
A History of the Modern Middle East
. Boulder Colorati: Westview Press.
ISBN
978-0813340487
.
- Dogan, Cagatay Emre (
2003
).
Formation of Factory Settlements Within Turkish Industrialization and Modernization in 1930s: Nazilli Printing Factory
. Ankara: Middle East Technical University
.
- Huntington, Samuel P.
(
2006
).
Political Order in Changing Societies
. Portu Novo et Londinii: Yale University Press.
ISBN
978-0300116205
.
- Igdemir, Ulug; Mango, Andrew, interpr. (
1963
).
Ataturk
. Ancyrae: Turkish National Commission for UNESCO. pp. 165?170
- Inan, Ayse Afet (
2007
).
Ataturk Hakkinda Hatiralar ve Belgeler
. Istanbul: Turkiye Is Bankasi Kultur Yayinlari.
ISBN
9944881401
.
- Inan, Ayse Afet; Sevim, Ali; Suslu, Azmi; Tural, M Akif (
1998
).
Medeni bilgiler ve M. Kemal Ataturk'un el Yazilari
. Ankara: AKDTYK Ataturk Arastirma Merkezi.
ISBN
978-9751612762
.
- Kinross, Patrick (
2003
).
Ataturk: The Rebirth of a Nation
. Londinii: Phoenix Press.
ISBN
978-1842125991
.
- Kinross, Patrick (
1979
).
The Ottoman Centuries: The Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire
. Novi Eboraci: Morrow.
ISBN
978-0688080938
.
- Landau, Jacob M (
1983
).
Ataturk and the Modernization of Turkey
. Boulder Colorati: Westview Press.
ISBN
978-0865319868
.
- Lengyel, Emil (
1962
).
They Called Him Ataturk
. Novi Eboraci: The John Day Co
.
- Mango, Andrew (
2002
) [[[1999]]].
Ataturk: The Biography of the Founder of Modern Turkey
(Paperback ed.). Woodstock Novi Eboraci: Overlook Press, Peter Mayer Publishers, Inc.
ISBN
1-58567-334-x
.
- Mango, Andrew (
2004
).
Ataturk
. Londinii: John Murray.
ISBN
978-0719565922
.
- Saikal, Amin; Schnabel, Albrecht (
2003
).
Democratization in the Middle East: Experiences, Struggles, Challenges
. Tocii: United Nations University Press.
ISBN
978-9280810851
.
- Shaw, Stanford Jay; Shaw, Ezel Kural (
1976
?
1977
).
History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey
. Cantabrigiae et Novi Eboraci: Cambridge University Press.
ISBN
978-0521212809
.
- Spangnolo, John (
1992
).
The Modern Middle East in Historical Perspective: Essays in Honour of Albert Hourani
. Oxoniae: Middle East Centre, St. Antony's College.
ISBN
978-0863721649
.
- Tuncay, Mete (
1972
).
Mesai: Halk Suralar Firkasi Programi, 1920
. Ankara: Ankara Universitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakultesi
.
- Tufekci, Gurbuz D (
1981
).
Universality of Ataturk's Philosophy
. Ankara: Pan Matbaacilik
.
- Yapp, Malcolm (
1987
).
The Making of the Modern Near East, 1792?1923
. Londinii et Novi Eboraci: Longman.
ISBN
978-0582493803
.
- Webster, Donald Everett (
1973
).
The Turkey of Ataturk; Social Process in the Turkish Reformation
. Novi Eboraci: AMS Press.
ISBN
978-0404563332
.
- Zurcher, Erik Jan (
2004
).
Turkey: A Modern History
. Londinii et Novi Eboraci: I. B. Tauris.
ISBN
978-1850433996
.
- Diurna
Nexus interni