Sikildanoke hewaye

Sikildanoke hewaye , sikildanok (bi ingilizi: alveolus ) navend e ji boy alugora gazan a navbera xwin u pi?ike .

Gava mirov ji difin henase digire, hewa ji gewri , qirrik , borrihewa , liqe borrihewa derbas dibe u digihije borrikehewaye. Li kotahiya borrikehewaye de kisiken picuk heye, ev pekhateyan weki sikildanoken hewaye te bi navkirin. Alugora gazan a di navbera hewa u xwine, di nav sikildanoken hewaye de ru dide ^[1].

Pekhateya sikildanoken hewaye [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Bi ?axdayina borrikehewayan, cogen sikildanokan peyda dibe ^[2]. Sikildanoken hewaye li deve coge de weki mina gu?iya tiri giredayi ne. Gu?iya sikildanoken hewaye weki kisike sikildanoke te bi navkirin. Kisike sikildanoke ji 20 heta 30 sikildanoken hewaye pek te. Sikildanoken hewaye bi ?eweya gogi ye u tireya we bi qasi 200 μm ( mikrometre ) ye ^[3]. Diware sikildanoke qai?oki ye, dema henasegirtine, sikildanok fireh dibe bi vi awaye ji boy alugorkirina gazan he pirtir ruber peyda dibe. Diware her sikildanokek, bi sikildanoka cinare xwe ve bi navbeynkariya kunikan giredayi ye, loma, hewa li gel coga sikildanokan, di navbera sikildanokan ji diherrike, bi vi awaye pestoya hewaye ya hemu sikildanokan yeksan dibe ^[3].Beravajiye borrikehewayan, diware sikildanoken hewaye u coga sikildanoke, be kirkiragi ne, le cina lusemasulkeyen wan ji ya borrikehewaye sturtir e ^[2].Di herdu pi?iken mirov de bi qasi 300 milyon sikildanoke hewaye heye ^[4]. Ji ber hebuna sikildanoken hewaye, pekhateya pi?ikan di?ibe isfence(lufik). Di nav pi?ikan de tevahiya rubere sikildanokan bi qasi 70m ² ye ^[5]. Ev rubere fireh alugorkirina gazan hesan dike.

Cog u diware sikildanoken hewaye, ji se cure xaneyan pek te ^[3]. % 97e xaneyen sikildanoke ji cureya yekemin a xaneyen sikildanoken hewaye pek te. Cureya yekemin a xaneyen sikildanoke ji ruke?exaneyen pahn en yek rezi pek te. Sturiya ruke?exaneyen pahn bi qasi 25 nm ( nanometre )ye u delinbariya wan a ji boy gazan, gelek zede ye ^[3]. Cureya duyemin a xaneyen sikildanoken hewaye , di nav ruke?exaneyen pahn de belavkiri ne. Xaneyen cureya duyemin, xaneyen derdani ne. Ji boy kemkirina rutingijina (bi ingilizi: surface tension) sikildanokan, madeyen proteini u fosfolipidi der didin ^[3]. Xaneyen hellu?enera gewre , cureya seyemin a xaneyen sikildanoke ye. Hellu?eneren gewre xaneyen koendama bergiriye ne, di nav kisike sikildanoke, coga sikildanoke u borrikehewaye de digere. Heke li gel hewaye, di nav hewaye de hokaren nexwe?iye ji xwe bigihinin nav sikildanoken hewaye, we gave ji aliye hellu?enera gewre( bi ingilizi: macrophage)ve ten tek?ikestin ^[6].

Sikildanoken hewaye u alugorkirina gazan [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Sikildanoken hewaye bi tora mululeyen xwine dorgirti ne. Diwaren mululeyen xwine ji cinek xaneyen ruke?(ruke?exane) pek te, ango pir tenik e. Diware sikildanok u luleyen xwine, rasterast temase hev dikin. Ev herdu diwar bi hev re weki “perdeya henaseye” te bi navkirin ^[4]. Tora mululeyen xwine yen derdora sikildanokan, xwina xwe ji xwinberok u xwinheneroken pi?ik digirin. Xwina nav xwinberoken pi?ike kemoksijeni ye. Dema mirov henase digire, sikildanok dibin sikildanoken piroksijeni. Ango xestiya oksijena nav sikildanoken hewaye, ji ya xwine zedetir dibe, loma oksijen ji kisike sikildanokan derbasi nav xwina mululeyan dibe. Herwisa di nav mululeyen xwine de xestiya karbona diokside ji ya hewa ye nav kisike sikildanokan zedetir e, loma karbona dioksid ji xwine derbasi nav kisike sikildanokan dibe. Bi ve awaye asta rejeya oksijena nav mululeyen xwine zede dibe, karbona dioksida we ji kem dibe. Xwina teroksijeni bi navbeynkariya xwinhenerokan ji sikildanoken hewaye arasteye dil dibe. Bi henasedayine, hewaye bi karbona diokside dewlemend u kemoksijeni, ji sikildanokan derbasi coga sikildanokan, pa?e derbasi borrikenhewaye dibe u ber bi dev u difin ve diherrike.

Cavkani [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

^ Johnson, Leland G. (1987 )Biology. 2nd ed., Wm. C. Brown,. ISBN 0-697-04972-8
^ ^a ^b McKinley, Michael P.(2010) Human anatomy.3rd ed. McGraw-Hill Higher Education ISBN 978?0?07?337809?1
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e OpenStax, Anatomy & Physiology, OpenStax ,2013 [1]
^ ^a ^b Waugh, A., Grant, A., Chambers, G., Ross, J. S., & Wilson, K. J. (2014). Ross and Wilson anatomy & physiology in health and illness 12th ed.
^ Sylvia S. Mader, D., & Windelspecht, M. (2015). Biology (12th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
^ Villee, Claude Alvin, et al.( 1989) Biology. 2nd ed., Saunders College Publishing. ISBN 0-03-023417-4

[Leland_G-1] Johnson, Leland G. (1987 )Biology. 2nd ed., Wm. C. Brown,. ISBN 0-697-04972-8

[Human_anatomy-2] McKinley, Michael P.(2010) Human anatomy.3rd ed. McGraw-Hill Higher Education ISBN 978?0?07?337809?1

[OpenStax,_Anatomy_&_Physiology-3] OpenStax, Anatomy & Physiology, OpenStax ,2013 [1]

[Anatomy_and_physiology-4] Waugh, A., Grant, A., Chambers, G., Ross, J. S., & Wilson, K. J. (2014). Ross and Wilson anatomy & physiology in health and illness 12th ed.

[Human_biology-5] Sylvia S. Mader, D., & Windelspecht, M. (2015). Biology (12th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

[Villee-6] Villee, Claude Alvin, et al.( 1989) Biology. 2nd ed., Saunders College Publishing. ISBN 0-03-023417-4

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