Coga henaseye

Coga henaseye be?ek ji koendama henaseye ye. Guhaztin u alugora gazan a li navbera hewa u koendama dileluleye , erka we ya sereke ye.

Hemu xaneyen mirov ji boy calakiyen xwe, molekula ATPye weki cavkaniya enerjiye bi kar tinin ^[1]. ATP ( Adenozina se fosfati ) di xaneyan de ji hilwe?andina xureken weki, glukoz , gliserol , asida cewri , asida amini te bidestxistin ^[2]. Ji boy hilwe?andina xurekan , li gel endamok u enziman , pediviya xaneye bi molekula oksijene ji heye. Hewa 21% oksijen lixwe digire ^[3]. Dive ev oksijena hewaye bigihije hemu ?ane u xaneyen la?. Gava xurek bi navbeynkariya oksijene te hilwe?andin boy ATPye, gaza karbona dioksid ji weki madeya pa?mayi peyda dibe ^[3]. Dive karbona dioksida nav xaneyan, ji xaneyen kurahiya la? de be avetin boy derveyi la?. Ji boy alugorkirin u guhaztina oksijen u karbona diokside koendama henaseye u koendama dileuleye bi hev re kar dikin. Coga henaseye ji be?ek ji kondama henaseye ye. Erka coga henaseye, guhaztin u alugorkirina gazan a li navbera hewa u koendama dileluleye (bi ingilizi: cardiovascular system ) ye ^[4]. Le li gel vi kare, hin erken din en coga henaseye ji heye, evana; germkirin, paqijkirin u ?edarkirina hewaye, dabinkirina bergiriya gi?ti , peydakirina deng, u behn girtin e ^[5]^[6]^[1]. Coga henaseye ji difin u deve mirov dest pe dike hetani pi?ikan direj dibe, di kotahiya coga henaseye de sikildanoken hewaye heye.

Pekhate [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Ruye navi ya coga henaseye bi ruke?exaneyan ve dapo?i ye. Di nav ruke?exaneyan de hin xaneyen derdani hene, nave van ruke?exaneyan xaneyen goblet e ^[4]. Xaneyen goblet lincemade (bi ingilizi: mucus ) derdide. Ji ber derdana xaneyen goblete, ruye ruke?exane ji bi lincemade dapo?i ye u ruye coga henaseye hertim ?edar e. Ruke?exaneyen difnekelen , borihewa u liqeborihewa xaneyen kulkdar (bi ingilizi: ciliated cell ) lixwe digirin ^[5]. Qirrik , borihewa u liqeborihewa pekhateyen kirkiragi ne ^[7]^[8].

Be?en coga henaseye [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Li gor cihen pekhate u endaman , coga henaseye dabe? dibe du be?an.

Jore coga henaseye [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Difinekelen, gewri u qirrik weki be?a jore ya coga henaseye te bi navkirin (bi ingilizi: upper respiratory tract ).

Xware coga henaseye [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Borihewa, liqeborihewa u pi?ik ji weki be?a xware ya coga henaseye te bi navkirin (bi ingilizi: lower respiratory tract ). Pi?ik, boriken hewa u sikildanoken hewaye lixwe digire.

Li gor guhaztin u alugorkirina gazan ji, coga henaseye dabe?e du be?a dibe ^[9].

Devera gihandine [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Devara gihandine (bi ingilizi: conducting zone ). Di vi be?a coga henaseye de gazen henaseye ji difin ber bi pi?ikan ve, an ji ji pi?ikan ber bi dev u difin ve te guhaztin. Difin, gewri, qirrik, borihewa, liqeborihewa u boriken hewa pekhateyen devera gihandine ne ^[9].Oksijen u karbona diokside di nav van pekhateyan de te gihandin.

Devera henasedane [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Devere henasedane (bi ingilizi: respiratory zone ) di vi devere de raste rast alugora gazan ru dide ^[10]. Coga kisike sikoldanoke u sikildanoken hewaye be?a devera henasedane ye ^[9].

Cureyen henasedane [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Di la?e mirov de du cure henasedan ru dide, henasedana derve u henasedana navi ^[6]. Di navbera hewa u xwine de alugora gazan weki henasedana derve te bi navkirin. Henasedana derve bi navbeynkariya coga henaseye, di pi?ikan de ru dide. Di navbera xwin u xaneyen la? de alugora gazan ji weki henasedana navi bi nav dibe. Henasedana navi bi navbeynkariya koendama dileluleye pek te.

Cavkani [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

^ ^a ^b Campbell, Neil A., and Jane B. Reece. Biology. 8th ed., Pearson Education, Inc., 2008. ISBN 978-0-8053-6844-4
^ OpenStax Biology. 2013. [1]
^ ^a ^b Starr, C., & McMillan, B. (2010). Human Biology. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
^ ^a ^b Sylvia S. Mader, D., & Windelspecht, M. (2015). Biology (12th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
^ ^a ^b Villee, Claude Alvin, et al.( 1989) Biology. 2nd ed., Saunders College Publishing. ISBN 0-03-023417-4
^ ^a ^b McKinley, Michael P.(2010) Human anatomy.3rd ed. McGraw-Hill Higher Education ISBN 978?0?07?337809?1
^ Johnson, Leland G. (1987 )Biology. 2nd ed., Wm. C. Brown,. ISBN 0-697-04972-8
^ Waugh, A., Grant, A., Chambers, G., Ross, J. S., & Wilson, K. J. (2014). Ross and Wilson anatomy & physiology in health and illness 12th ed.
^ ^a ^b ^c OpenStax, Anatomy & Physiology, OpenStax ,2013 [2]
^ Ireland, K. A. (2010). Visualizing Human Biology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

[Campbell-1] Campbell, Neil A., and Jane B. Reece. Biology. 8th ed., Pearson Education, Inc., 2008. ISBN 978-0-8053-6844-4

[OpenStax,_Biology-2] OpenStax Biology. 2013. [1]

[Human_Biology.-3] Starr, C., & McMillan, B. (2010). Human Biology. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

[Human_biology-4] Sylvia S. Mader, D., & Windelspecht, M. (2015). Biology (12th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

[Villee-5] Villee, Claude Alvin, et al.( 1989) Biology. 2nd ed., Saunders College Publishing. ISBN 0-03-023417-4

[Human_anatomy-6] McKinley, Michael P.(2010) Human anatomy.3rd ed. McGraw-Hill Higher Education ISBN 978?0?07?337809?1

[Leland_G-7] Johnson, Leland G. (1987 )Biology. 2nd ed., Wm. C. Brown,. ISBN 0-697-04972-8

[Anatomy_and_physiology-8] Waugh, A., Grant, A., Chambers, G., Ross, J. S., & Wilson, K. J. (2014). Ross and Wilson anatomy & physiology in health and illness 12th ed.

[OpenStax,_Anatomy_&_Physiology-9] OpenStax, Anatomy & Physiology, OpenStax ,2013 [2]

[visualizing-human-biology-10] Ireland, K. A. (2010). Visualizing Human Biology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]