Charles Hard Townes
Nave rasti	Charles H. Townes
Jidayikbun	28 tirmeh 1915  Greenville
Mirin	27 kanuna pa?in 2015  Oakland, Kaliforniya
Hevwelati	Ameriki
Perwerde	California Institute of Technology zaningeha Duke Furman University Greenville High School
Pi?e	Fiziknas mamosteye/ya zaningehe dahener
Xebat	maser
Hevjin	Frances Brow
Xelat	Guggenheim Fellowship (1955) Niels Bohr International Gold Medal (1979) Xelata Nobele ya Fizike (1964) Frederic Ives Medal (1996) Stuart Ballantine Medal (1962)
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Charles Hard Townes (jdb. 28e tirmeha   1915an li Greenville, Karolinaya Ba?ur, DYA ) fiziknaseki navdar e Amerikaye ye, guncave Xelata Nobele hatiye ditin.

Jiyan [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Charles Hard Townes di 28e tirmeha sala 1915 hatiye jiyane. Bave wi parezer Henry Keith Townes u diya wi ji Xanim Ellen (Hard) Townes e.

Ew li dibistanen Greenville ( Karolinaya Ba?ur ) dixwine. Li heman bajare zaningehe ji dixwine (li Zaningeha Furman). Sala 1935 bidawi dike, bo mastere dice Duke University (1936). Doktoraya xwe sala 1939 li Enstituya Teknolojiye ya Kaliforniyaye li ser veqetandina izotopan dide.

1933 heya 1947 ew li Laboratuaren Bell e ku li wir cureyen radaran bo ?er bipe?xistibu. Di pe?xistina teknika radaran de rola wi mezin e.

Sala 1950 ew profesore fizike ye li Zaninegha Columbia . 1950 heya 1952 ew gerinende ye li Columbia Radiation Laboratory u 1952 heya 1955 seroke fakulteya fizike ye. Ji 1959 heya 1961 ew bireveber e di Enstituya ji bo Analizen Parastine li Washington D.C. .

Sala 1961 bo profesoriya fizike bike li Enstituya Teknolojiye ya Massachusetts te vexwendin le napejirine, bo lekolinan xwe serbest dihele. Sala 1967 profesore li Zaningeha Kaliforniyaye .

Townes sala 1941 bi Frances H. Brown re mari dibe (dizewice) u car kecen wan dibin, Linda Rosenwein , Ellen Anderson , Carla Kessler u Holly Townes . Ew buraye Arthur L. Schawlow e ku sala 1951 ciwantirin xu?ka wi Aurelia pe re mari bubu.

Sala 1967 ew dibe seroke Civaka Fiziknasen DYAye , American Physical Society .

Xebat u giringiya wi [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

Ew gelek cureyen radaran bo ?er cedike, teknika mikropelan (pelen mikro) di lekolinen radare de diceribine.

Herwiha ew li ser elektronika quantan, radyoastronomi, infrarotastronomi ji gelek lekolin u ceribandinan dike, cihana teroriya wan bipe?dixe, dewlemend dike.

Townes sala 1964 bi tevi Nikolay Basov u Alexander Proxorov Xelata Nobel a fizike werdigire.

Xelat u paye [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

• 1956: Endametiya Akademiya Neteweyi ya Zanisti
• 1964: Xelata Nobel a fizike
• 1970: Wilhelm-Exner-Pokal
• 1982: National Medal of Science
• 1985: Petrie Prize Lecture
• 1996: Frederic Ives Medal
• 1998: Henry Norris Russell Lectureship
• 2000: Science Writing Award a American Institute of Physics bo pirtuka wi ?How the Laser Happened“
• 2000: Lomonossow-Zerpokal a akdemiya zanistiye ya Rusyaye
• 2002: Karl-Schwarzschild-Pokal , civaka astronomihezan
• 2005: Templeton-Xelat

Nivis [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

• Making Waves . AIP Press, 1995.
• How the Laser Happened: Adventures of a Scientist . Oxford University Press, 2000.
• bi tevi A. L. Schawlow: Microwave Spectroscopy . McGraw-Hill, 1955.
• bi tevi A. L. Schawlow: Infrared and Optical Masers . Di: Physical Review . Bend 112, 1958, S. 1940
• A life in physics , Oral History Interview von Suzanne Riess, University of California 1994 (Pe?gotin ji Arthur Schawlow)

Cavkani [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

• M. Bertolotti: History of the Laser . Taylor and Francis, 2004.
• J. L. Bromberg: The Laser in America, 1950?1970 . MIT Press, 1991.
• R. Y. Chiao: Amazing Light : A Volume Dedicated To Charles Hard Townes On His 80th Birthday . Springer, 1996.
• J. Hecht: Beam: The Race to Make the Laser . Oxford University Press, 2005.
• J. Hecht: Laser Pioneers . Academic Press, 1991.
• N. Taylor: Laser: The Inventor, the Nobel Laureate, and the Thirty-Year Patent War . Citadel, 2003.
• Frances Townes: Misadventures of a Scientist's Wife . Regent Press, 2007.

Giredanen derve [ biguhere | cavkaniye biguhere ]

• Hevpeyvin bi Townes re ^{Giredana ar?ive 2013-05-25 li ser Wayback Machine}
• jinenigariya wi li APS ^{Giredana ar?ive 2015-02-15 li ser Wayback Machine}