??????

?????? ; Temporal range: 3420?0 Ma Pha. Proterozoic Archean Had. Paleoarchean ? present
Scientific classification
???????:	?????? ; Woese , Kandler & Wheelis , 1990
????????????
	"????????" ; "?????????????" ; "?????????????????" ;
Synonyms
	????????????????? Woese & Fox, 1977 ; ??????????????? Gibbons & Murray, 1978 ; ????????????????Metabacteria Hori and Osawa 1979 ;

?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????. ? ????? ????????????????? ?????????????? (???????????), ?????????????????? ??????????. ???????? (??????????) ^[?]^[?] ????? ???????? ????? ???????. ? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????. ???????? ???????????? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????.

????????? [ ???????? ]

↑ Woese CR, Kandler O, Wheelis ML (June 1990). "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 87 (12): 4576?9. Bibcode : 1990PNAS...87.4576W . doi : 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576 . PMC 54159 . PMID 2112744 .
↑ Petitjean C, Deschamps P, Lopez-Garcia P, Moreira D (December 2014). "Rooting the domain archaea by phylogenomic analysis supports the foundation of the new kingdom Proteoarchaeota" . Genome Biology and Evolution . 7 (1): 191?204. doi : 10.1093/gbe/evu274 . PMC 4316627 . PMID 25527841 .
↑ "NCBI taxonomy page on Archaea" .
↑ Allers T, Mevarech M (January 2005). "Archaeal genetics ? the third way" (PDF) . Nature Reviews Genetics . 6 (1): 58?73. doi : 10.1038/nrg1504 . PMID 15630422 . S2CID 20229552 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2018 . Retrieved 12 September 2019 .
↑ Hildenbrand C, Stock T, Lange C, Rother M, Soppa J (February 2011). "Genome copy numbers and gene conversion in methanogenic archaea" . Journal of Bacteriology . 193 (3): 734?43. doi : 10.1128/JB.01016-10 . PMC 3021236 . PMID 21097629 .

[Woese-1] Woese CR, Kandler O, Wheelis ML (June 1990). "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 87 (12): 4576?9. Bibcode : 1990PNAS...87.4576W . doi : 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576 . PMC 54159 . PMID 2112744 .

[Petitjean-2] Petitjean C, Deschamps P, Lopez-Garcia P, Moreira D (December 2014). "Rooting the domain archaea by phylogenomic analysis supports the foundation of the new kingdom Proteoarchaeota" . Genome Biology and Evolution . 7 (1): 191?204. doi : 10.1093/gbe/evu274 . PMC 4316627 . PMID 25527841 .

[NCBI_taxonomy_page_on_Archaea-3] "NCBI taxonomy page on Archaea" .

[Allers-4] Allers T, Mevarech M (January 2005). "Archaeal genetics ? the third way" (PDF) . Nature Reviews Genetics . 6 (1): 58?73. doi : 10.1038/nrg1504 . PMID 15630422 . S2CID 20229552 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2018 . Retrieved 12 September 2019 .

[5] Hildenbrand C, Stock T, Lange C, Rother M, Soppa J (February 2011). "Genome copy numbers and gene conversion in methanogenic archaea" . Journal of Bacteriology . 193 (3): 734?43. doi : 10.1128/JB.01016-10 . PMC 3021236 . PMID 21097629 .

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?????? Temporal range: 3420?0 Ma Pha. Proterozoic Archean Had. Paleoarchean ? present

Scientific classification
???????:	?????? Woese , Kandler & Wheelis , 1990 ^[?]
???????????? ^[?]^[?]
"????????" "?????????????" "?????????????????"
Synonyms
????????????????? Woese & Fox, 1977 ??????????????? Gibbons & Murray, 1978 ????????????????Metabacteria Hori and Osawa 1979