This article ????????? ????????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ?????????. ???????? ? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????????. ???????? ????????????????? ???? ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ???? . ( ???????? ???? )

????????? (????) (Peepul Tree) ????????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??.??? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ??. ??? ????? , ???? , ?????????? , ??????????, ????????? , ???????? , ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??. ??? Moraceae, ??????????? ?????????? ??????. ????????????? ? ??? ????? Esathu ?????. ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????????????. ?????????, ?????, ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????????? ???????. ? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????????? ????????? ???? ?????????????? ???? ???????. ????? ????? ??? ??????????. ??????? ????????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????. ????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????. ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????. 2200 ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????. ??? ?????? ?????????????? ?????????. ???? ???? ?????? ???????????????. ?????? ???????????, ????? ?????????? ?????????. ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????????. ??? ???????, ??????? ??????? ?????????. ??????? ???????????, ????? ???? ???? ????????? ??????????. ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????????. ? ?????????? ????????????? ????? ?????????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ????????????.

???? ????????? ???????? [ ???????? ]

??? ???????? ??????????????? ????? ?????????(Ficus religiosa)??? ????????????? ???????.

????? ??? ???????? [ ???????? ]

???????????? ??. ? ????? (?.? ???) ????? ?????? ?0 ????? (?? ???) ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????????? ????????. ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?-?0 ??? ???? ????, ?0-?? ??? ????????????? ????? ?-?? ??? ?????????. ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?-?.? ??? ????? ????? ??????????????. ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? (?000 ????.??. - ??00 BC) ???????? ???????????????. ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ??? ? ???????? ???????? ?????????????? ???? ?????????????????. ????????????? ?? ????? ?????????????.?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???? ???????????????.?????? ??????????????,??? ???????? ????????????????? ??????????? (Acuminate)????????????.?????? ????????????????? ?????? ??????????.??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??????????.

??????? ?????? [ ???????? ]

??? ?????, ??????, ??????, ?????, ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????????????? ????????????. ???? ??? ?????????????? ????? ????????, ?????????????, ????????????, ?????????????, ??????????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??????. ??? ????? ?????????????? bergapten, bergaptol, lanosterol, ?? sitosterol, stigmasterol, lupen 3 ????, ?? sitosterol-D-??????????, ??????? ?? 1, leucocyanidin 3 0-BD-glucopyrancoside, leucopelargondin 3 0-?????? -BD-???????????????, leucopelargonidin 3 0 ??? rhamnopyranoside, lupeol, ceryl behenate, lupeol ???????, ? amyrin ???????, leucoanthocyanidin, leucoanthocyanin, campestrol, stigmasterol, isofucosterol, A- amyrin, ???????? ?????, ?????????, ??????, ??????????? ???? ???????, ????????, ??????????, ??????, ????????, ????????????, ???????? ????????, ????? ????, ????????? ????? ???????? ???????.

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100????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ????, ?????? ?????? ???? ???????????. ????? ??????? ??????? ?????, ??????????????????. ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????????????, ????????? ???????????? ??? ????????????? ? ??????? 5-6 ?? ??? ???? ????????????????.

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???? ??? ???????? ???? ????, ???? ?????? ????????????? ????????, ???, ?????? ????? ??????? ????????????.

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???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????.

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???????? ??????? 250 ????? ??????? ?????????? ????, ???????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????????????????, 40 ????? ????????? ?????????, ??????? 20 ????? ??????, ????????????? ????, ??????? ????????, ?????? ?????????, ?????? 20 ????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ???????????? ????, ???????? ?????? ???????????. ??????????? ????? ??????????? 2???? 3 ???????????? ??????????? ????????, ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????????.

?????? ???? ????? ????????? [ ???????? ]

??????? ??????????? ????????, ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ????, ??????? ?? ??? ??????????, ??? ?????????????? ?? ? ????? ????????? ????????????. ?????, ????? ????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????????????.

??? ???????? [ ???????? ]

• 
  ?? ????? ??
• 
  Ficus religiosa young trunk in Hong Kong
• 
  Ficus religiosa young leaves
• 
  Coppersmith barbet ( Megalaima haemacephala ) feeding on its figs in Hyderabad, India
• 
  A 200-year-old peepal tree in Nepal with a circumference of 50 feet
• 
  Black-hooded oriole ( Oriolus xanthornus ) feeding on its figs in Kolkata
• 
  Trunk of sacred fig at Flamingo Gardens , Davie, Florida
• 
  Fruits of sacred fig at Flamingo Gardens, Davie, Florida
• 
• 
  The Bodhi Tree in Bodhgaya
• 
• 
• 
  Leaves of pippal
• 
  Anadabodi tree at Sravasti , Uttar Pradesh
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
  ??????? ??? ????'
• 
  ????? ???

???? ???????? [ ???????? ]

1. ??????: ???????? ???????????
2. Asvattha, The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part 1, Vol 1, pp 21.
3. Warrier, Nambiar, Ramankutty, 2004, Indian Medicinal Plants: A Compendium of 500 Species, Volume 3, Pp 38, Orient Longman Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, India.
4. Makhija, Sharma, Khamar, 2010, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological properties of Ficus religiosa: an overview, Scholar Research Library Annals of Biological Research, Vol 1, Iss 4, pp 171?180.

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