??????????????????????????????????????????
(
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:
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
, ?????????
IUCN
) ????
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????????????????????????????????????? plants, animals and habitats. It was first called the "??????????????????? (World Conservation Union)." It was started in 1948, with its main office in
Gland, Switzerland
. The IUCN brings together 83 states, 108 government agencies, 766
Non-governmental organizations
and 81
international organizations
and about 10,000 experts and
scientists
from countries around the world.
[?]
IUCN's purpose is to influence, encourage and assist countriess around the world to
conserve
the quality and
diversity
of nature. It also has to make sure that any use of natural resources is fair and
sustainable
without harming the earth.
[?]
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[
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]
The first Director General of
UNESCO
, (Sir
Julian Huxley
) wanted to give UNESCO a more scientific base. He set up a meeting to start a new organisation to
protect nature
[?]
.
At the first meeting at Fontainebleau,
France
, on
5 October
,
1948
, 18 governments, seven international organisations, and 107 national nature conservation organisations agreed to form the International Union for the Protection of Nature.
[?]
From the start the most important task has been to explore and develop arrangements that can allow development as well as helping people and nations to better preserve their
flora
and
fauna
[?]
. The ICUN has always argued that needs of local communities, people and nations have to be the main part of a conservation plan.
[?]
Areas needing protection and
threatened species
would be best protected:
“
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if local people considered it in their own interest to do so. Working with rather than against local people became a major working principle for IUCN.
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”
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— Page 61
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The IUCN now has offices in many of the nations around the world. It is able to provide the services of a large group of mainly voluntary specialists, providing local level advice and conservation services.
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]
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