한국   대만   중국   일본 
?????? IV - ????????? ????????? ????????

?????? IV

?????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ????????????
?????? IV

???? ?????? 1631-32 ??????, ???????????? ?????????? ????
????????? ????
?????. ?????????: 31 ????? , 1621
?????. ?????????: 17 ?????????? , 1665
???????????: ?????? III
?????????: ?????? II
??????????? ????
?????. ?????????: 31 ????? , 1621
?????. ?????????: 1 ????????? , 1640
???????????: ?????? II
?????????: ???? IV
???????, ???????, ?????????, ?????????? ?? ???????????? ???????, ??????????, ?????????, ????? ?? ?????? ?????
?????. ?????????: 13 ?????? , 1621
?????. ?????????: 17 ?????????? , 1665
???????????: ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????
?????????: ?????? II
?????? ????????
???. ??????: 8 ?????? , 1605
???. ??????: ??????????? , ????????
????. ??????: 17 ?????????? , 1665 , (60 ????)
????. ??????: ??????? , ????????
?????. ??????: ????????? , ????????
??????: ???????? ??????
(?. 1615 - ????. 1644)
??????? ?????????
(?. 1649)
???????: ???????? ???????, ???????? ??????
????? ??????, ??????????? ????????
????????? ??????, ?????? ????? ???????????
?????? II, ????????? ????
???????:
???? ????, ????????????? ???????????
????? ??????: ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ? ???????
????????: ???????????
????: ?????? III, ????????? ????
????: ???????? ?????????
???????: ???????????
?????????:

?????? IV ( ???. Felipe IV ; ?. 8 ?????? , 1605 , ??????????? , ???????? ? ?. 17 ?????????? , 1665 , ??????? , ???????? ) ? ?????????? ????????? ??????????????. ????????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????? 1621-1665 ??????. ???????????? ?? ???????? ???? 1621 - 1640 ?????? ?????? III -?? ( ????. Filipe III ) ???????. ???? ?????? III -??? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????. ??? ???? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ???? , ??????? ?????, 1660 ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????. 1640 ???? ??????? ??????????, ???? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ???????. ??????? ?????, ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ????????, ??? ????? ????? ?????????.

???? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? 12.2 ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????????. ????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????????, ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ???, ?????? II -?? ?????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????.

1700 ????, ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???, ??? ???????? ?????????????????? , ??????? ?????? 1714 ???? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????????.

?????? ???????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??, ??????? ??? 1612 ????, ???????????? ????????? ?????????? ????

?????? ??????? 1605 ???? 8 ?????? ????????????. ??? ??? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ???? ?????? III -??? ?? ???? ???????, ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????. ??? ?????? ?????, ???? ?????? II -?? ???????????? ????????, ???????????, ??? ????? ???, ???? , ?????? ??????, ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ?????, ?????, ?????? ??? ????? ???, ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????, ????? ??? ?????????? ????????????. 1611 ???? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ????????, ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??, ??????? ??? ????????. ???? 1615 ???? 10 ???? ?????? ??????????? 13 ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? , ??????? ??? ???????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? IV -??? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????. ???????????, ???????????? ????? ???????? ???????????, ??????? ??, ??? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??? XIII -?, ??? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ??? ????.

??????? ?????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ???????, ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????. ???? ????????? ?????? ????, ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? 1646 ???? ???????, ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????, 1644 ???? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ????, ???????? ?????????, ??? ????? 1646 ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????, ??????? ??? ????? ????????.

1615 ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????, ?????? ???????????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? 1622-1625 ??????.

?? ????????? ???? 1649 ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???, ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ????????? III -?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? , ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???. ?? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????, ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ????????????. ???????????? ?? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ????????? ?????? . ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????, ?????? II , ??????? ????????? ????? ????????????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ??? ?????? ?????????, ??? ??????????.

??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????????. ???? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????????????, ???????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??????????, ??????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ????????. ????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????, ???? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???. ?????, ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????????, ??? ??????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ???????, ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??????. XX ?????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????????. ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????????, ??? ?????? IV ????????? ???? ?????????, ??????? ?? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ???.

1661 ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? IV-?? ?????????????

???? ?????????????? ??????? ????????????. ???? ?????, ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???. ?????? ??????? ??????????, ??? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????. ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????????, ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ????????????? ??? ??????? ???????????“ ??????. ????? ?????? ?????????, ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???????“. ???????, ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ???, ??????? ???????? ?? ????????????? ?? ?????? .

????? ?????????????? ???????????, ???????????? ?????, ??? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??????? ???????“ ??????, ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ????????. ???????? ????, ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????, ?????? ?????????, ??? ?????????????“ ???. ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????????????: ???????? ??????, ???? ?? ???????????“. ??????? ?????, ??? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???. ????????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? , ???????? , ???????????? ?? ???????? . ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ??????.

???? ??????????, ??? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????????????? ????????? ??????? ????????, ????? ????? ?????????, ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????“ ???. ???????????? ????, ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ????. ??? ??????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????, ??????????? 1629 ???? ????, ?????? ???????. ??????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????, ??? ???? ?????? II-? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????. ???????, ???? ??????????, ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????????, ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????. ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? 1640-???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????.

??????, ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????, ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????, ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ????

??????? ?????, ???? ?????? III -?? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ????????, ?????? ???????? ????????, ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ???. ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???????????? ????????????. ????? ??????? ?????, ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????????, ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????. ??? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? IV ?????, ???????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????, ?????? ???????? ?????. ???????, ?? ???? ?? ????????, ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ??????????????. ????????????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??????, ????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??????, 1622 ???? ???????. ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? ????????, ?????? ?? ??????? . ???????, ??? ?????? IV-? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???, ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???-???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???.

??????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????, ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????. ???????, ??????????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????. ?????????? ?????, ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??? ??????????, ??? ?????? ????????????? ???? ????, ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????????????? ???? ?? ????????“ ??????. ???????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ???? ??????????, ??? ????-??????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????, ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???. ???????, ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????, ??? ???????????? ??????????.

???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????, 1627 - 1628 ??????, ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????

??????????????? ??????? ?????????, ??? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????. ?????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? III-?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ???????. ???????, ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ????, ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????. ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????????????? ????? ?? ?????????????????? ??????????? ???????????, ??? ????? ??? ????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ?????????????, ??????? ???????? ??????????, ???? ?????? II -?? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ????????.

?????? IV-?? ???????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????. ?????? ?????, XVII ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ????????, ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????-????? ???????????, ??????? ????????????? ??? ???????????. ???? ????, ??????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????, ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????????????? ?????????, ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????. ??????? ?????, ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????????, ?????? II-?? ??????????? ?? ??? ??????????? ????????, ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????????. 1629 ???? ?????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????.

????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ????, ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????????. 1640 ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????????, ????? ??????? ?????? 1640-43 ?????? ????????? ???????. ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????????, ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????. ?????????? ?????, ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ?? ??????????? ?.?. ?????? ?????, ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????????. ????????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????, ???? ?? ??? ???????, ????? ??????????? ???????????? ????? ???????????? ????????????“ ???, ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????????. ???? 1661 ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ????, ??????? ??????? ?????.

??????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ??? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?????? IV 1629 ????, ???????????? ?????????? ????

??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???-???? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????????? ??? ? ???????????? ??? ?????????????. ??? 1618 ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? III ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ???? ?????? ??????????, ?????? ????? ????????? ????????? II -????? ???????? ????? ????????????, ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????? V -? ???????. ????? ?????????, ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????????, ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ????. ???? ???? 1621 ???? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????????????. ?? ??? ??????????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????. ?????????? ?? ?????? ????????, ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????, ???????? ??????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????????.

1620-???? ????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ???. ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?????????, ????? ?????? 1624 ???? ????? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????, ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ????????????? ?? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ????????????? ???? . ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????, ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????“ ?????????? ??????. ??? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??? XIII .

1630-???? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????, ??? ??? ????????? 1634 ???? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ????????????, ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ???, ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????, ??? ???????????? ???? ??????? ???????. ?????????? ????? ????? ?????, ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????????? ????????? ????????: ??? ?? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ????????????, ?? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??????.

???????-??????????? ???? ?????????: ?????? IV ???? ??????? ??? XIV-? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????.

1635 ?????? ?????? ???????-??????????? ???. ????????????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????. ?????????? ?????, ??? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????, ????? ?? ???????????. ???????? 1640 ?????? ????????, ??????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????????. ????????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????, ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????. ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????????, ????? ????? ???????????? ???????? ???. ????? ?? ??????? ?????????: ?????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????, ????? ????? ??????????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ?????????????? ???????. ?????????? ??????????, ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? , ????? ???????? ???????????? ???. ????????????? ????????? ???????????????, ?????? IV-? 1648 ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????????, ????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????? ???????????? ????? ???????? ?????. ????? ???????? ???????? ??????????, ?????? ???????-??????????? ????????? ???????????. ?? ?????????? ???? ??? XIII ??????????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ???????, ??? XIV ????, ???????? ????????, ?????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ????? ????????. ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? 1651 ???? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????. ???????, ?? ????????? ?????? ??????, ?????? 1658 ???? ????????? ??? ????????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ????????, ??? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????. 1659 ???? ???????? ??????? ????????????, ????? ???????-??????????? ??? ?????????, ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????, ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???? ??? XIV-?, ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??????, ????????? ??????? ?? 500,000 ?????. ???????????, ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???????????, ????? 1640 ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????.

?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?????????? ????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?????? ?? ??????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

???????? ?? ?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

1630 ???? ??????????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???: ? ??????, ????? ???????? ???? ??????????, ????? ?????????, ????????????, ??????????? ?? ??????. ?????????? ?????????, ??????? ???????????, ???????? ?? ??????. ????? ????????, ??????????? ?? ??????. “, ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ??: ? ?????????????? ???? ?????? IV, ???????? ???? ???????????? “.

1648 ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????????: ? ??? ?????? ??????, ????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????????, ???????, ?????????, ??? ?????????, ????????????, ????????, ?????????, ????????, ??????????, ?????????, ?????????, ?????????, ??????????, ?????????, ?????????, ????????, ????????????, ???????????? ?? ??????? ???????????, ???????? ?? ?????????? ?????????, ??????????? ?? ??????????? ???????????, ?????????? ?????????, ??????? ???????????, ??????????, ????????, ????? ???????????, ??????????, ????????, ???????????, ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????. “, ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???: ? ???? ????????????, ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? “.

???????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?????????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?????????“, ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????, ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????????? ?????. ?? ?????? ???? ??????????, ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????????????. ????? ?????????? ????? ?????, ?????? ????????? ??????.

1615 ???? 18 ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? (?. 22 ????????, 1602 ? ?. 6 ?????????, 1644), ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????:

  1. ????? ????????? (?. 14 ???????, 1621 ? ?. 15 ???????, 1621), ??????????? ?????????;
  2. ????????? ????? ???????? (?. 25 ????????, 1623 ? ?. 22 ?????????, 1623), ??????????? ?????????;
  3. ????? ??????? (?. 21 ????????, 1625 ? ?. 21 ???????, 1627), ??????????? ????????????;
  4. ???????????? ?????? (16 ????????, 1626)
  5. ?????? ????? ?????? (?. 31 ?????????, 1627 ? ?. 1 ????????, 1627), ??????????? ?????????;
  6. ???????? ??????? (?. 17 ?????????, 1629 ? ?. 9 ?????????, 1646), ???????? ??????, ??????????? ?????????? ??????;
  7. ????????? ???????? (12 ?????, 1634), ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????;
  8. ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? (?. 17 ???????, 1636 ? ?. 5 ?????????, 1636), ??????????? ?????????;
  9. ????? ?????? (?. 10 ??????????, 1638 ? ?. 30 ??????, 1683), ????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??? XIV -?, ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? . ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? V , ???? ??????????? ???? ??? XV ???? ?????????? ???;
  10. ???????????? ?????? (1640);
  11. ???????????? ???? (1644);

??? ??????, ??? ????????? ??????????? ????????, 1649 ???? 7 ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ????????????? ??????? ????????? (?. 24 ?????????, 1634 ? ?. 16 ?????, 1696), ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????:

  1. ????????? ?????? (?. 12 ??????, 1651 ? ?. 12 ?????, 1673), ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? I -?, ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????, ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ????????? , ?????? ????, ????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????.
  2. ????? ???????? (?. 7 ?????????, 1655 ? ?. 21 ?????????, 1655), ??????????? ?????;
  3. ?????? ???????? (?. 28 ????????, 1657 ? ?. 1 ????????, 1661), ???????? ??????, ??????????? ????????????;
  4. ????????? ?????? (?. 23 ?????????, 1658 ? ?. 22 ?????????, 1659), ??????????? ????????????;
  5. ?????? II (?. 6 ????????, 1661 ? ?. 1 ????????, 1700), ????????? ???? ???? ???????????? ???????????, ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????? , ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????????? , ?????? ??????? ?? ??????;

????? ?????, ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????:

  1. ????? (?. 7 ??????, 1629 ? ?. 17 ??????????, 1679), ???????? ????????????? ??????????? 1656-1659 ??????. ??????????? ?????????????? ?? ??????;

????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

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  • Eleanor Goodman, Conspicuous In Her Absence: Mariana of Austria, Juan Jose of Austria, and the Representation of Her Power, in: Theresa Earenfight (ed.), Queenship and Political Power in Medieval and Early Modern Spain. Aldershot: Ashgate (2005).