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???? (?????. ?, もち) - ???????? ??????? ???????, ??????? ???????? ???????????? , ????????????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????????????????, ????????? ????? , ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? . ?????? ???????, ????? ??????, ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????. ????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ????????????, ???????? ??????? ???????? . ^[1] ????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??????????, ???????????, ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????????.

???? ???? ??????????????????? ???????, ????? ?????: ?????????????? , ???????? , ?????? ?? ????? . ???? ????????? ????????????, ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ^[2]. ?? ???????????? ???????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????, ????? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ???????. ????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????, ???? ????????????? ??????, ???????, ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????.

???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? , ?????, ????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????????. ^[3]

????????? ?? ??????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????. ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??????? ^[4]. ????????? ????????, ??????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????, ???? ???? (??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????) ?????????? ??????, ??? ?????? ???????? (??. ?. 300 ?. - ??. ?. 300 ?.) ?????, ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????????. ??? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????. ?? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????????. ?????????, ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??????????.

??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????????. ???????????? ????????, ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????????????, ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????????.

????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

???????, ??????????? ????? ????????????? ???? ???????????? ??????: ????????? ?? ??????? ??????, ?????, ?????? ?? ??????????.

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??????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ( ?????? ). ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???????, ????? ?? ??????? ????????, ????????????, ????? ???? ^[5]. ?? ??????? ????? ????????, ?? ?????, ????? ????? ??????????? ???? ???????. ^[6]^[7]

??????????? ????????, ????? ????????? ??????? ????????. ???? ?????, ????? ????????? ??????? ????????????.

????????? ??????????????:

???????????/???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????;
??????? ????????? ???????????;
????;
??????? ?? ????????.

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????? ????????? ????? ??????????, ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????.

??????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????, ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? , ???????? ?????. ?????????, ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????, ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ?????????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????.

???? ???? ?????? ?????, ??????? yomogi-?, ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????????.

?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????, ????????? ??? ????????? ???????????? "????" ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? , "?????? ???????".

??????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? (?????? ?????) ???????, ???????? ???? ????? ???????. ??? ????????? ???????? ??????????, ??????????.
??????? ???? ??????? "?????" ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????.
?????? ????? (??????? "??????????? ?????") - ??????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????(????????????) ????????, ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????????.

?????, ???????? ?????, ??????? ??????????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????.

??????? ????????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

????????????, ?????????, ????? ???????? ?????????? ????????, ???? ??????????, ????????????? ????????????, ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????. ^[8] ?????? ???????? ????????????? ????????, ??????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????, ?????? ??????? ???????????? 100-?? ???? ???????? ????? ????????????? ?? ??????? ????. ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????, 2006?2009 ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??????? 18 ???????? ???????????. ?????? 2011 ???? ????????, ??????? ????? ?????????? ???? 8 ???????? ???????????.

???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ?????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ??????????, ????? ????????? ???????, ?? ????? ???? ????????? ????????, ???????? ??????? ????.

?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

↑ ????????? ??????? (?????????)
↑ ????? ????????? - ????????? ?? ???????? (?????????)
↑ ????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? (?????????)
↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20190331181325/http://www.laifeng.gov.cn/e/action/ShowInfo.php?classid=2677&id=148457 (??????)
↑ http://recipestoayoungpoet.blogspot.com/2010/05/not-so-stressful-microwave-mochi.html ???????????? 2013-01-20 ?????? Wayback Machine . (?????????)
↑ http://www.discovernikkei.org/en/journal/2010/1/1/mochi-making-recalled/ (?????????)
↑ http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fg20111230f1.html ???????????? 2013-01-17 ?????? Wayback Machine . (?????????)
↑ http://www.cbsnews.com/news/mochi-deaths-traditional-new-years-food-proves-deadly-again-in-japan/ (?????????)

[1] ????????? ??????? (?????????)

[2] ????? ????????? - ????????? ?? ???????? (?????????)

[3] ????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? (?????????)

[4] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20190331181325/http://www.laifeng.gov.cn/e/action/ShowInfo.php?classid=2677&id=148457 (??????)

[5] ttp://recipestoayoungpoet.blogspot.com/2010/05/not-so-stressful-microwave-mochi.html ???????????? 2013-01-20 ?????? Wayback Machine . (?????????)

[6] ttp://www.discovernikkei.org/en/journal/2010/1/1/mochi-making-recalled/ (?????????)

[7] ttp://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fg20111230f1.html ???????????? 2013-01-17 ?????? Wayback Machine . (?????????)

[8] ttp://www.cbsnews.com/news/mochi-deaths-traditional-new-years-food-proves-deadly-again-in-japan/ (?????????)

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