????? ????

????? ????
????? ????
????????? ??????	8 ???????? , 1920 ; ??????? ???? , ??????? , U.S.
????????????? ??????	17 ???????? , 1998 (78 ????)
??????????	????????, ????????
???????	1964 ? 1998
??????(???)	Oscar Robinson

????? ???? ( ????. Esther Rolle ?. 8 ???????? , 1920 ??????? ???? , ??????? , ??? ? ?. 17 ???????? , 1998 ) ? ????????? ???????? ????. ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????, CBS -?? ??????????? ???????? Maude - ?? ????????????, ??????? ??? ??????? ???????????? (1972-1974) ??????? ?? ???? ????-???? ?????? Good Times , ???? ??????? (1974-1977, 1978-1979), ???? ??? ???????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ? ??????????? ????????, ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? 1976 ????. 1979 ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???????????????? ????? ???????????????? ?????????? Summer of My German . ^[1]

??????? ????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

????? ???? ??????? ????????? , ??????? ????? . ??? ????? ??? 18 ????????? (????????, ????????? ?????????? ??-????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? . ^[2] ????? ????????? Blanche Ely High School ??????? ?????, ???????. ??? ????????????? ??????? ???????? Spelman College -??, ??? ?????? ???????????. ^[3] ??? ? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? Hunter College -??, ????? ???? ??????? ??????????, ?????? ?? ????? ????????????? , ??? ? ???????? , ???????????? ??????. ^[4]

??????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

????? ?? ?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????, Shogolo Oloba - ? ????? ^[5]. ??? 1960 ???? ????? ????? ?????????. [3] ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????; ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? 1962 ???? ?????????? ?????????????“ . ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? Negro Ensemble Company .-?? ???? ????????? ????????????. ??? ????? ???????? ???????? The Crucible ?? Blues for Mr. Charlie . [5] ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? 1973 ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? " Don't Play Us Cheap ". [6] 1977 ???? ????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????????“ ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????.

????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?? ??????????, ??????? ??? 1970-??????? ?? ???????? ???????. ???? ????????????? 1975 ???? ?????????? / ???????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????????? Good Times - ?? ??????????? ?????????. ???? 19 ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? , ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????. ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????, ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ????????????, ?????? ?????????? ???, ??????? ???? ??????? ??????????, ???????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????. ??? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????. 1979 ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? Summer of My German Soldier -?? ?????????. ^[6]

???? ???-???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? The Incredible Hulk , ???????? ???????? ?????????“ , ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????. ^[7] 1990-??? ?????? ???? ??????????? ???????? RuPaul - ?? VH-1 ???-?????.

?????? ?? ???????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

????? 1975 ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? The Garden of My Mind . ^[8] ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? " To Kill a Mockingbird " (1962), ??????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? " The Learning Tree "-?? (1969). ???? ??, ???????? ????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????????. ^[9] ????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? Nothing but a Man (1964). Good Times - ?? ?????????? ??????, ??? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ??????, ??? ?????, Driving Miss Daisy ?? My Fellow Americans . ???????????????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? Rosewood (1997). ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings ? ???? ??????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????. ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? Miniseries ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????? 1979 ????, Summer of My German Soldier- ?? ????????????. ???-???? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? The Mighty Quinn (1989), ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? . ???? ???? ????? ??? Train Ride , ??????? 2000 ???? ????????, ?????????? ?????, ??? 1998 ???? ????????.

????????? ?????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

↑ Esther Rolle at emmys.com
↑ Sterngold, James (November 19, 1998). "Esther Rolle, 78, Who Played Feisty Maid and Matriarch" The New York Times . New York City: The New York Times Company.
↑ Esther Rolle ???????????? 2013-11-02 ?????? Wayback Machine . Archived 2013-11-02 at the Wayback Machine at the African American Registry
↑ "Esther Rolle biography" . DLife . Westport, Connecticut: LifeMed Media, Inc. June 14, 2012. Archived from the original on April 16, 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
↑ Sterngold, James (November 19, 1998) "Esther Rolle, 78, Who Played Feisty Maid and Matriarch" The New York Times . New York City: The New York Times Company.
↑ Brooks & Marsh 2003 p. 1431.
↑ Erickson, Hal. "Esther Rolle biography" ???????????? 2003-10-05 ?????? Wayback Machine . The New York Times . Retrieved April 28, 2007.
↑ Esther Rolle - Maybe It's at www.wfmu.org
↑ Esther Rolle ^{[
??????? ?????
]} at the TCM Movie Database

[1] Esther Rolle at emmys.com

[2] Sterngold, James (November 19, 1998). "Esther Rolle, 78, Who Played Feisty Maid and Matriarch" The New York Times . New York City: The New York Times Company.

[3] Esther Rolle ???????????? 2013-11-02 ?????? Wayback Machine . Archived 2013-11-02 at the Wayback Machine at the African American Registry

[4] "Esther Rolle biography" . DLife . Westport, Connecticut: LifeMed Media, Inc. June 14, 2012. Archived from the original on April 16, 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2015.

[5] Sterngold, James (November 19, 1998) "Esther Rolle, 78, Who Played Feisty Maid and Matriarch" The New York Times . New York City: The New York Times Company.

[6] Brooks & Marsh 2003 p. 1431.

[7] Erickson, Hal. "Esther Rolle biography" ???????????? 2003-10-05 ?????? Wayback Machine . The New York Times . Retrieved April 28, 2007.

[8] Esther Rolle - Maybe It's at www.wfmu.org

[9] Esther Rolle ^{[
??????? ?????
]} at the TCM Movie Database

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