??? ???? ??????????
(
????.
Ella Jane Fitzgerald
; ?.
25 ??????
,
1917
,
???????-?????
,
????????
, ― ?.
15 ??????
,
1996
,
??????? ?????
,
??????????
), ??????? ??????? ??????
???? ???
(???????? ??????? ????) ? XX ???????? ???-???? ???????????????? ????? ?????????, ??????
??????
????????, ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ????, ?? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ? ????????? ???? ??????? ????. ???-????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????, ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ????????????? ?????????????.
??????? ???????-??????,
??????????
,
1917
???? ???????; ???????? ????????,
???-??????
. ????? ??????? 38 ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????????????, ???? ????? ??????? ??????????????? ????????????, 14 ???? ?????? ???????.
???? ??? ???????? ????, 1940
???? ????????? ??????? 17 ???? ??????
1934
????
?????? ???????
?????,
????????
,
???-?????
, ?? ???? ????????? ???-??? ?????? ??????????? ????????“ ?????????. ????????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????, ????? ?????????? ?????“ (??????????? ???????? ?????) ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????. ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?????????, ????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?????????????. ??? ?? ????? ???????
????? ????
??? ?????
????????, ???????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????????????. ???? ??????? ????? ?????????
1935
???? ??????, ????????
??????
????????? ????????. ???? ????????? ???-??????? ???? ???????? ??????, ??? ????? ?(If You Can't Sing It), You'll Have to Swing It (Mr. Paganini)“, ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?A Tisket A Tasket“ ???????? ?????????????? ???????.
1939
???? ??? ????? ????????????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ????????? ????????“.
???? ???? ???????
1941
?????? ??????. ????????????
???????
?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????????????? ?? ???????????
??????
,
????-?????
,
??????
,
???????
,
?????????
?? ??????? ????????? ????????. ???? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????. ??????, ??? ??????
?????? ???????
??
??? ???????????
????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????.
1955
???? ??????“ ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ???? ????????, ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????,
?????
. ??? ????????? ???????, ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ???????????? 1956-1964 ?????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????, ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ????????????. ?????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????“ ??????????????? ??????.
??? 1962 ???? ???????
Ella Swings Gently with Nelson
?????????
?? ??? ???????:
- ????????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????????? (1956) (???? ????????)
- ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????????? (1956) (????????)
- ????????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? (1957) (??? ?????????)
- ????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? (1958) (??? ???????)
- ????????? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????????? (1959) (?????? ?????)
- ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? (1961) (???? ???)
- ????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? (1963) (?????)
- ????????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????????? (1964) (?????)
- *?????????? ????????? ????????????? ??????.
???-???? ???????
??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????????????? ????????? ????? ?????, ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????, ???? ???????? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????, ?????? ??
???????
????? ?? ???????-????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ???. ?? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???????????????.
???? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ??????????????
1972
??
1983
??????, ???????????? 'Ella Loves Cole' ?? 'Nice Work If You Can Get It'. ??????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? 'Ella Abraca Jobim', ????????
??????? ?????? ???????
?????????? ???????????.
???? ??????? ??????????? ?????????????
??? ????????????
, ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??
??? ???????????
???.
- ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????????, ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????“ (1956) ?? ???? ?? ????? ????“ (1957), ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????”. ???? ???????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? 1950-???????.
- ???? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???? ????????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????????????. ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ????“ (1963) ??????? ???? ???-??? ????????? ?????????. ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????
?????? ??????
??????????
??????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????“ ???????????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????????. ??? ?? ???? ??????????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?? 1979 ???? ???????? ?Digital III at Montreux“, ?A Classy Pair“ ?? ?A Perfect Match“ ??????.
- ??? ??
?? ????
??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????. ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????????, ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????????. ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ?Take Love Easy“ (1973), ?Easy Living“ (1986), ?Speak Love“ (1983) ?? ?Fitzgerald and Pass... Again“ (1976).
- ??? ??
??? ?????????
?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????. ???? ?Sings the Duke Ellington Songbook“ ?????????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????, ???? 1960-??????? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ?’?????? 1966 ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?’??????“, ????
1966
???? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ????????. ???? 1965 ???? ?????? ?Ella at Duke's Place“ ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????.
???? ???????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????????????. ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? (?????????), ???? ????? (?????????) ?? ?????????? ???? ?????????, ????? ?????????, ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? - ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????????.
???????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????????????? (?????????? ??????? ?????) ????
????? ???????????
???????? ???????. ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????, ????? ????????? ??????? ????????????? ????????????: ?????????? ??????????? ?????? 1958 ?? 1959 ??????, ?? ???? 1967 ????, ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????????. ???? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????? 1974 ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????,
???-??????
, ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????? ??? 1970-??????? ??? ???? ????????????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????????????. ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ???
?????????
??? ?????? ???????????? $1.000.000 ?????????? ???????.
??? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????, ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????“. ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? Ride 'Em Cowboy, 1958 ???? ?????? ?????-?????? ?????“ ?? 1960 ???? Let No Man Write My Epitaph. 1980 ???? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?The White Shadow“.
???? ????? ????????, ????? ???????? ????????, ??????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????????. 1941 ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????????, ??????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????. ????????? ??????? ???? ???????????. ?????? ??? 1947 ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????. ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????-??? ??????????, ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????. ??? ?? ?????? 1952 ???? ???????????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ????.
1957 ???? ???????
????????
???????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????????, ?????????? ??????????? ???????. ???? ????? ?? ???????
??????
, ????? ?? ????????????? ???? ?????????, ??? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ????.
??????????? ???? ???????????? 1993 ???? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ????????.
1996
???? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????,
??????????
, 79 ???? ??????. ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????, ????????, ??????????. ???? ??????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????.
??? 1959 ???? ???????
Sings Sweet Songs for Swingers
?????????.
???? ?????????? ?????????? ??????“ ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????.
- 1950
- ?Ella Sings Gershwin?
- 1954
- ?Songs in a Mellow Mood“
- 1955
- ????????? ?Pete Kelly's Blues“-???
?????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ????.
1956
- ?Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Cole Porter Songbook“
- ?Ella and Louis“
- ?Sings the Rodgers & Hart Songbook“
1957
- ?One o'Clock Jump“
- ?Ella and Louis Again“
- ?Sings the Duke Ellington Songbook“
- ?Ella at the Opera House“
- ?Like Someone in Love“
- ?Porgy and Bess“ (???????????? ?? ??????????? ??????)
1958
- ?Ella and Billie at Newport“
- ?Ella Swings Lightly“
- ?Sings the Irving Berlin Songbook“
- ?Ella in Rome: The Birthday Concert“ (???????????? 1988 ????)
1959
- ?Get Happy!“
- ?Sings Sweet Songs for Swingers“
- ?Sings the George and Ira Gershwin Songbook“
1960
- ?Ella in Berlin: Mack the Knife“
- ?Wishes You a Swinging Christmas“
- ?Hello, Love“
- ?Sings Songs from Let No Man Write My Epitaph“ (??????? ?????? ??????? ?The Intimate Ella“)
1961
- ?Sings the Harold Arlen Songbook“
- ?Ella in Hollywood“
- ?Clap Hands, Here Comes Charlie!“
- ?Ella Returns to Berlin“
1962
- ?Rhythm Is My Business“
- ?Ella Swings Brightly with Nelson“
- ?Ella Swings Gently with Nelson“
1963
- ?Ella Sings Broadway“
- ?Sings the Jerome Kern Songbook“
- ?Ella and Basie!“
- ?These Are the Blues“
1964
- ?Hello, Dolly!“
- ?Sings the Johnny Mercer Songbook“
- ?Ella at Juan-Les-Pins“
1965
- ?Ella at Duke's Place“
- ?Ella in Hamburg“
1966
- ?Whisper Not“
- ?Ella and Duke at the Cote D'Azur“
1969
1967
- ?Brighten the Corner“
- ?Ella Fitzgerald's Christmas“
1968
- ?30 by Ella“
- ?Misty Blue“
1969
1970
- ?Things Ain't What They Used to Be“
1972
- ?Ella Loves Cole? (?????? ?????? ???? ????????????, ?????? ?Dream Dancing“)
1973
- ?Newport Jazz Festival: Live at Carnegie Hall“
1966
- ?The Stockholm Concert, 1966“
1970
- ?Ella in Budapest, Hungary“
1971
1972
- ?Jazz at Santa Monica Civic '72“
1973
1974
- ?Fine and Mellow“ (???????????? 1979 ?.)
- ?Ella in London“
1975
- ?Ella and Oscar“
- ?Montreux '75“
1976
- ?Fitzgerald and Pass... Again“
1977
1978
- ?Lady Time“
- ?Dream Dancing“
1979
- ?Digital III at Montreux“
- ?A Classy Pair“
- ?A Perfect Match“ 1979 ???? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?Ella and Basie - the Perfect Match, '79“
1981
1982
- ?The Best Is Yet to Come“
1983
- ?Speak Love“
- ?Nice Work If You Can Get It“
1986
1989
- ?The Complete Ella Fitzgerald Songbooks“
- ?The Complete Ella Fitzgerald & Louis Armstrong on Verve“
- ↑
Smith J. C.
Notable Black American Women
- ↑
BlackPast.org
? 2004.