George Eliot

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George Eliot
Mmadu
?d?ekere nwany?   Dezie
mba o s? United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland   Dezie
aha n'as?s? obodo Mary Ann Evans , Marian Evans   Dezie
Aha ?m?m? Mary Anne Evans   Dezie
Aha enyere George , Marian , Mary Ann , Mary Anne   Dezie
aha ezin?l? ya Eliot , Evans , Cross   Dezie
aha pseudonym George Eliot   Dezie
?b?ch? ?m?m? ya 22 Novemba 1819   Dezie
Ebe ?m?m? Nuneaton   Dezie
?b?ch? ?nw? ya 22 Disemba 1880   Dezie
Ebe ? nw?r? London   Dezie
ihe kpatara ?nw? kidney disease   Dezie
Ebe olili Highgate Cemetery   Dezie
?na Robert Evans   Dezie
?ne Christiana Pearson   Dezie
D?/nwunye John Walter Cross   Dezie
onye mmek? na-al?gh? al? George Henry Lewes   Dezie
As?s? obodo Bekee   Dezie
as?s? ? na-as?, na-ede ma ? b? were na-ebinye aka Bekee , German   Dezie
As?s? ? na-ede Bekee   Dezie
ebe ag?makw?kw? Bedford College , Royal Holloway, University of London   Dezie
agb?r?   Dezie
okpukpere chi/echiche ?wa ekwegh? na Chineke , agnosticism   Dezie
Archive na Leeds University Library , Harry Ransom Center   Dezie
Ije literary realism   Dezie
onye nlereranya Honore de Balzac , Charles Christian Hennell   Dezie
gosiputara ya George Eliot (Mary Ann Cross (nee Evans))   Dezie
ikike nwebiisinka d? ka onye okike copyrights on works have expired   Dezie

Mary Ann Evans (22 N?vemba 1819 - 22 Disemba 1880; ?z? Mary Anne ma ? b? Marian [1] [2]), nke aha ya b? George Eliot mara, b? onye edemede Bekee, onye na-ede uri, onye nta ak?k?, onye nt?ghar?, na otu n'ime nd? edemede b? isi.  nke oge Victoria.[3]  O dere akw?kw? ak?k? asaa: Adam Bede (1859), The Mill on the Floss (1860), Silas Marner (1861), Romola (1862?1863), Felix Holt, the Radical (1866), Middlemarch (1871?1872) na Daniel  Deronda (1876).  D? ka Charles Dickens na Thomas Hardy, o si n'ogbe England p?ta;  ?t?t? ?r? ya ka edobere n'ebe ah?.  A maara ?r? ya maka eziokwu ha, ngh?ta nke uche, echiche nke ebe na nk?wa zuru ezu nke ime obodo.

Onye edemede b? Virginia Woolf akw?kw? Middlemarch d? ka "otu n'ime akw?kw? akw?kw? Bekee ole na ole e dere maka nd? toro eto" [1] na Martin Amis [2] na Julian Barnes [3] d? ka akw?kw? akw?kw? ,  akw?kw? Bekee.

. [1] Mary Ann Evans na Nuneaton, Warwickshire, England, na South Farm na Arbury Hall estate.  [1] ? b? nwa nke at? nke Robert Evans (1773?1849), onye njikwa Arbury Hall estate, na Christiana Evans ( nee Pearson, 1788?1836), ada nke onye nwe igwe.  ?m?nne ya zuru oke b? Christiana, nke a maara d? ka Chrissey (1814?59), Isaac (1816?1890), na ike ejima nd? ?nw? ?b?ch? ole na ole ka amuchara na Ma ?ch?ch? 1821. O nwanne nwanne nne, Robert Evans (1802).  ?64), na nwanne nwanne, Frances "Fanny" Evans Houghton (1805?82), site na al?m di na eje nke nna ya na Harriet Poynton (1780?1809).  Na ngosi 1820, aha ah? kwagara n'otu ?l? aha ya b? Griff House, n'etiti Nuneaton na Bedworth.

. [2] Evans na-eto eto b? onye na-ag? akw?kw? nke ukwuu na nke nwere ike isi.  N'ihi na anagh? ele ya anya d? ka onye mara mma, echegh? na Evans nwere ikike d? ukwuu nke ?l? di na nke a, nd? isi isi ya, mere ka nna ya tinye ego na ike na-nwere enye ikike ?m? nwany? di na-egosi  akara.  [1] Site na af? ise ruo akw?kw?, ? nwanne ya nwanne ya Chrissey na ?l? akw?kw? Miss Latham na Attleborough, site na nd? ruo iri na at? na ?l? akw?kw? Mrs. Wallington na Nuneaton, na site na 13 ruo 16 n'  ?l? akw?kw? Miss Franklin na Coventry .  N'akw?kw? akw?kw? Oriak? Wallington, onye onye ozi ?ma b? Maria Lewis eje ya ihe?b? onye e degaara akw?kw? ozi nd? mb? d? nd? ya.  N'ime ?n?d? eberechi nke ?l? akw?kw? Miss Franklin, Evans ar?a ?r? d? na nke njirimara aka na nt?r? izisa ozi ?ma

Mgbe ? d? af? iri na isii, Evans nwere obere akw?kw? akw?kw?.  [1] N'ihi ?r? d? mkpa nna ya na-ar? na ala ah?, e kwere ka ? banye n'?ba akw?kw? nke Arbury Hall, b? nke nyere aka n'?m? onwe ya na ukwuu.  ?z?z? oge ochie ya akara ya;  Christopher Stray mgbasala na " akp? akw?kw? George Eliot na- nnukwu akw?kw? na akw?kw? nd? Gris (naan? otu n'ime akw?kw? ya ka a na-az? nke ?ma n'ejigh? ?d? ederede Grik ), na-enwe ike m nke nd? Gris"  .  [2] ?b?b?a ? na-eleta ala ah? ugboro ugboro kwekwara ya ka ? ak? na-ah? nke onye nwe obodo bi na nd? nd? ogbenye na- aha n'iche ah?, na nd? d? iche iche bi na ya ga-ama ?zo n  '?t?t? ?r? ya.  Ihe ?z? d? mkpa na nd? ya na ak?k? b? nd?.  A Shore ya n'ime mpaghara Anglican nke ?ka d? ala, mana n'oge ah? Midlands b? mpaghara nwere ?n? ?g?g? na-ar? elu nke nd? na-az? ah?a.

Na 1836, nne ya nw?r? na Evans (mgbe ah? 16) la iche n'iche ka ? onye ?r? d? ka onye ?l? ?l?, ma ? ori?na na-edegara onye akw?kw? ya Maria Lewis akw?kw?.  Mgbe ? d? afa 21, nwanne ya nwoke Isaaci ma weghara ihe ya, ya mere Evans na nna ya kwagara Foleshill d? nso na Coventry .  ?d? nso na obodo Coventry wetara mgbochi, any? nke Charles na Cara Bray.  Charles Bray mmet?ta d? ka onye na-ah? r?b?n ma jiri ak? na m?r? ya na-ewu ?l? akw?kw? na ihe nd? ?z? na-eme ebere.  Evans, onye na-agbasi mgba ike na obi ab?? na- ruo oge ?f?d?, ?f?d? enyi na-akpachi anya ya na nd? na-egosi mmet?ta, Brays nwere onwe ha, nwere echiche efu ?r? na-eke [1] na ?l? "Rosehill  " b? ebe nchekwa maka nd? na-ejide ma na-ar? ?ka.  echiche radical.  Nd? mmad? n? n'ah? ah? zutere n'ihe egwu Brays Robert Owen, Herbert Spencer, Harriet Martineau, na Ralph Waldo Emerson .  Site na ?ha mmad? a ewebata Evans na nka past? na-emesap? aka na nke ?m? na Chineke na nd? edemede d? ka David Strauss na Ludwig Feuerbach, b? nd? mere ka e nwee obi ab?? na eziokwu nke akw?kw? n'?z?.  N'ezie, akw?kw? mb? ya b? akara Bekee nke Strauss's Das Leben Jesu kristisch bearbeitet d? ka The Life of Jesus, Critically Examined (1846), nke ? dechara Elizabeth mgbe "Rufa" Brabant Louis ya ike ezu.  "Rosehill Circle".

. [3] D? ka Nt?ghar? nke ?b?b?enyi ha, Bray ?f?d? ?f?d? n'ime akw?kw? mb? Evans, d? ka ihe, n'akpa ya b? Coventry Herald and Observer .  [1] Ka Evans mgbasa ozi nke ya, nna ya yiri egwu p?p? ya n'ihe, ma egh? ihe iyi egwu ya.  Kama, o ji akara gaa igodo ma, na-edobere ya ?l? ruo mgbe ? nw?r? na 1849, mgbe ? d? af? 30. ama ise mgbe olili nna ya nchebe, ? gara Switzerland na Brays.  O ihe onye na-ah? na Geneva onwe ya, biri na mb? n'odo mmiri d? na Plongeon (n' video ?l? nd? nke United Nations nke oge a) wee mee n'okpukpu nke ab?? nke ?l? nd? enyi ya Francois na Juliet d'Albert Durade nwere  na rue de.  Chanoines (ugbu a rue de la Pelisserie).  O ji obi ?t? na "mmad? na-enwe ike na akw?kw? dara ada n'elu osisi ochie d? mma".  A na-eji ihe ngosi d? n'ah? na-echeta ya.  Mgbe ? n? n'ebe ah?, akw?kw? ak?k? nke ?ma ma gaa ogologo ije n'ime ime obodo Switzerland mara mma, nke b??r? ya nnukwu mkpali.  Francois Durade sekwara ihe ?r? ya ebe ah?.

. [4] [5] Mgbe ? la n'?ngland n'af? na-esote (1850), ? kwagara London na mmalite nke ?m?m? onye edemede, ?kwara ihe onwe ya Marian Evans.  [1] ? mb? n'iche John Chapman, onye onye na-akpa ike nke ? zutere na na Rosehill na onye ngwa?r? Strauss ya.  O wee sonye na Chapman's menage-a-trois ya na nyere ya na nne ya ukwu.  [2] Chapman akw?kw? n'oge na-ad?begh? anya mgbasa ozi, akw?kw? aka ekpe The Westminster Review .  Evans nch?k?ta onye nch?k?ta ak?k? gbara ya na 1851 mgbe ? h?r? otu af? gara aga.  Edemede Evans maka akw?kw? ?m?m? ah? b? nsogbu echiche ya gbasara nsogbu mmad? na ?z? echiche Victoria.  [3] ? nwere ihe n'ebe nd? klaas? n? n'okpuru ma kat?? nd? a haziri hazi n'ime , diski ike ya wee kwuo echiche nd? d? ugbu a nke oge ah?.  [4] ?t?t? n'ime ihe nd? sitere n'ah?mah? na ihe ya wee jiri nke a kat?? echiche na otu nd? ?z?.  Nke a mere ka a na-ele ihe odide ya anya d? ka nke b? eziokwu na nke ma ? b?gh? nke doro anya na ? b? echiche.  Evans lekwas?r? anya n'?d? az?mah?a nke Nyochaa na mb? iji njikwa nhazi ya na imewe ya.  [5] ? b? ebe na Chapman b? onye nch?k?ta ak?k?, ? b? Evans b? onye na-enye ?t?t? ?r? nke akw?kw? ak?k? ah?, na-enye ?t?t? edemede na nd? agha na-ach? January 1852 wee gaa n'ihu ruo ike nke ?r? ya na  Review na ?kara mb? nke 1854. [6] Eliot nwere ike na mmalite nke 1848 na k?ntinent Europe niile, na-at?kwa anya na nd? ?tali ga- am?p? "nd? Austria na-ad?gh? mma" na Lombardy nakwa na "nd? eze rere ure  " ga- akw?s? ezumike nka, n'agbanyegh? na ? na-enyere aka igbochi ihe mgbochi nsogbu na eze kacha mma.  England

Onye ?ka ihe ?m?ma na onye nkat? George Henry Lewes (1817?78) zutere Evans na 1851, na 1854 ha kpebiri ibik? ?n?. Lewes al??lar? Agnes Jervis, ? b? ezie na al?mdi na nwunye mepere emepe . Na mgbakwunye na ?m?aka at? ha nwere ?n?, Agnes nwekwara ?m? an? site na Thornton Leigh Hunt . [6] Na July 1854, Lewes na Evans gara Weimar na Berlin ?n? maka ebumnuche nyocha. Tupu ? gawa Germany, Evans gara n'ihu n'?r? nka mm?ta okpukpe ya na ns?ghar? nke Feuerbach's The Essence of Christianity , na mgbe ? n? na mba ?z?, o dere edemede ma r?? ?r? na ns?ghar? ya nke Baruch Spinoza 's Ethics , nke ? dechara na 1856, ma nke a na-ebip?tagh? na ya. oge nd? ya n'ihi na onye gaje ibip?ta akw?kw? j?r? ?kw? ￡75 ah? a r??r?. [7] Na 1981, ns?ghar? Eliot nke Spinoza's Ethics b? Thomas Deegan mechara bip?ta ya, ma kpebisie ike ?n? na mpaghara ?ha na 2018 ma George Eliot Archive bip?tara ya. [8] Princeton University Press bip?taghachiri ya na 2020. [9]

?r? Thomas Carlyle nwere mmet?ta miri emi Eliot. N'ihe d? ka n'af? 1841, ? kp?r? ya "ezigbo ?kacha mmas? m", na nr?t? aka banyere ya jup?ta n'akw?kw? ozi ya sitere na 1840 na 1850. D? ka pr?fes? Mahadum Victoria b? Lisa Surridge si kwuo, Carlyle "kpaliri mmas? Eliot n'echiche German, gbaa ya ume ka o si na okpukpe Nd? Kra?st gbanwee, ma kp?zie echiche ya banyere ?r?, ?r?, ?m?iko, na mgbanwe nke onwe." [10] Isiokwu nd? a batara n'ime akw?kw? ak?k? mb? zuru oke nke Evans, Adam Bede (1859). ? b? ihe ?ga nke ?ma ozugbo, ma kpalie ?ch?ch? ?matakwu onye odee: e nwere ?b?na onye na-eme ka onye dere ya b? Joseph Liggins. Mmas? ?haneze a mechara mee ka Marian Evans Lewes kweta na ? b? ya guzoro n'az? pseudonym George Eliot. A maara Adam Bede maka ?nakwere ezigbo ihe ?ch? mma sitere n'ike mm?? ns? Dutch. [11]

Na 16 Mee 1880, ?nwa iri na asat? ka Lewes nw?s?r?, Eliot l?r? John Walter Cross (1840?1924) [12] wee gbanwee aha ya ?z?, oge a ka ? b?r? Mary Ann Cross. ? b? ezie na al?mdi na nwunye ah? nwere esemokwu n'ihi ?d?iche d? n'af? nd?, ? mas?r? nwanne ya nwoke b? Isaac, b? onye kewap?r? mmek?r?ta ya na ya mgbe ya na Lewes malitere ibi, ma ugbu a zitere ekele. Mgbe di na nwunye ah? n? na-ekpori nd? na Venice, Cross, na mgbal? igbu onwe ha, si na mbara ihu ?l? nkwari ak? banye na Grand Canal . ? lanar?r?, nd? l?r? di na nwunye ?h?r? laghachiri England. Ha kwagara n'?l? ?h?r? na Chelsea, mana Eliot dara ?r?a akp?r?. Nke a, tinyere ?r?a ak?r? ya na ya na-ar?a kemgbe ?t?t? af?, dugara n'?nw? ya na 22 Disemba 1880 mgbe ? d? af? 61. [13] [14]

Nuneaton Museum na Art Gallery, na Riversley Park, ?l? nke mkpok?ta na odee George Eliot

N'ime oge ?r? ya niile, Eliot ji mkp?s? nd?r? nd?r? ?ch?ch? na-ede akw?kw?. Site na Adam Bede na Mill na Floss na Silas Marner , Eliot gosip?tara ikpe nke nd? na-elek?ta mmad? na obere mkpagbu. Felix Holt, Radical na The Legend of Jubal b? nd? nd?r? nd?r? ?ch?ch? doro anya, na nsogbu nd?r? nd?r? ?ch?ch? d? n'etiti Middlemarch , b? nke ? na-enye ak?k? banyere ?t?t? nd? bi n'otu obere obodo Bekee n'abal? nke Ndozighar? Bill nke 1832 ; akw?kw? ak?k? ah? ama ama maka ngh?ta miri emi nke mm?? na ihe osise agwa ya ?kaibe. Enwere ike ?ch?ta mgb?r?gw? nke nka ihe ?m?ma ya na nyocha ya nke John Ruskin 's Modern Painters na Westminster Review na 1856.

  • Adam Bede (1859)
  • The Mill on the Floss (1860)
  • Silas Marner (1861)
  • Romola (1862?1863)
  • Felix Holt, Radical (1866)
  • Middle March (1871?1872)
    • "Quarry for Middlemarch" , MS Lowell 13, Houghton Library, Harvard University (A digital facsimile nke ihe odide nke nnyocha ndetu)
  • Daniel Deronda (1876)
  • Ihe ngosi nke nd? nd? ?k?chukwu (1857)
    • ?j? d? mwute nke Rev. Amos Barton
    • Ak?k? ?h?nanya Mr Gilfil
    • Ncheghar? Janet
  • Ihe mkpuchi e buliri elu (1859)
  • Nwanna Jek?b (1864)
  • Mmet?ta nke Theophrastus d? otu ah? (1879)
  1. ↑ George Eliot Biography ? life, childhood, children, name, story, death, history, wife, school, young (en) . www.notablebiographies.com . Retrieved on 23 July 2018.
  2. ↑ Karl, Frederick R. George Eliot: Voice of a Century . Norton, 1995. p. 31
  3. ↑ Hardy, Barbara. George Eliot: A Critic's Biography . Continuum. London: 2006, pp. 42?45.
  4. ↑ Fleishman (2010). George Eliot's Intellectual Life . Cambridge University Press, 140?142.  
  5. ↑ Szirotny (2015). George Eliot's Feminism: The Right to Rebellion . Springer, 26?28.  
  6. ↑ Henry (2008). The Cambridge Introduction to George Eliot . Cambridge: Cambridge.  
  7. ↑ Hughes, Kathryn, George Eliot: The Last Victorian , p. 168.
  8. ↑ de Spinoza (2018). The Ethics of Benedict de Spinoza, Translated by George Eliot . The George Eliot Archive . Retrieved on 12 June 2022.
  9. ↑ Spinoza (2020). in Carlisle: Spinoza's Ethics . Princeton University Press . ISBN 978-0691193236 .  
  10. ↑ Surridge (2004). "Eliot, George", in Cumming: The Carlyle Encyclopedia . Madison and Teaneck, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press , 141?144. ISBN 978-0-8386-3792-0 .  
  11. ↑ Rebecca Ruth Gould, "Adam Bede's Dutch Realism and the Novelist's Point of View," Philosophy and Literature 36:2 (October 2012), 404?423.
  12. ↑ Rosemary Ashton, "Evans, Marian [George Eliot] (1819?1880)" , (Later Works) Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , Oxford University Press, 2004
  13. ↑ George Eliot . BBC History (15 October 2009). Retrieved on 30 December 2009.
  14. ↑ (1893) "George Eliot (Obituary Notice, Friday, December 24, 1880)", Eminent Persons: Biographies reprinted from the Times . London: Macmillan and Co., 232?239.  

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