^[1] Eluigwe na Ala b? eze na oge [lower-alpha 1] na igwe ha.  [1] ? na-ag?nye ihe niile, ihe mkpa d? mkpa, an? ah? na ihe na-ad?gide ad?gide, ya mere ?d? ike niile na ihe d? iche iche, na usoro ha na-etolite, site na obere irighiri at?m.  ruo na ?r?a dum.  Oghere na oge, d? ka ?z? cosmological nke Big Bang si d?, ?n? ?g?g? 13.787± 0.020 ijeri aw? gara aga, [2] na owo na ala na-agbasawanye an? ah?.  Taa bekee na alaam?baala n'ime aw? na nha nke an? ah? nan? na a na-ah? anya d? ka nna na ala a na-ah? anya, nke d? ihe d? ka nd? aw? 93 na dayameta n'oge ugbu a, ebe  nha oghere, ma ? b?r? na ?

Nd? ?ka ihe nd? Gris oge ochie na nd? India ?f?d? ?f?d? n'ime ?d? mb? nke mbara igwe na mbara igwe ma b?r? geocentric, na-etinye ?wa n'etiti.  [1] [2] N'ime af? aw? nd? gafeworon?, nleba anya na mbara igwe kaziere ya dugara Nicolaus Copernicus ka o njikere ihe nlere anya heliocentric na ?m?m? n'etiti etiti Sistemu ?m?m? .  N'?mepe iwu nke nd?da ?wa, Isaac Newton wuru n'elu ?r? Copernicus yana iwu Johannes Kepler nke ihe mbara ala na nleba anya nke Tycho Brahe

. ^[2] Nkwalite nleba anya ?z? mere ka a mata na-ab? otu n'ime ugboro ole na ole na-taa dalilai Milky Way, nke b? otu n'ime ozi ?kp? oku ole na ole na mbara igwe a na-ah? anya.  Pup? nd? d? na ikike nwere mbara ala .  N'?t?t? d? ukwuu, a na-ekesa ike n'otu n'otu na otu n'ihe niile, nke egwuregwu na ?g? na ala ?n? ma ? b? etiti.  N'ihe ?t??t?? d? nta, a na-ekesa akw?kw? ikike n'?y?k? na nnukwu ngwa b?? nd? na-etolite nnukwu filament na oghere na mbara mbara, na-pic nnukwu ihe owuwu d? ka fa?l?f?.  [1] Ihe nd? a na-ah? na ?r?ba af? nke 20 Sign na-egosi na ?wa nwere ikike nakwa na ? n?wo na-agbasa ah? ah?.

D? ka Big Bang tiori si kwuo, ike na ihe d? na mb? ad?la obere ka eluigwe na ala gbasaa. Mgbe mgbasawanye ngwa ngwa nke mb? a na-akp? oge inflationary na gburugburu 10 ^-32 sek?nd, na nkewa nke ike an? mara amara, eluigwe na ?wa ji nway?? nway?? d? j?? ma n?gide na-agbasawanye, na-enye ohere nke mb? subatomic particles na atoms d? mfe ?malite. Ihe gbara ?ch?ch?r? ji nke nta nke nta gbak?ta, na-akp? ihe d? ka ?f?f? nke filaments na voids n'okpuru mmet?ta nke ike nd?da . A na-eji nke nta nke nta d?ta nnukwu igwe ojii nke hydrogen na helium n'ebe ihe gbara ?ch?ch?r? kacha sie ike , na-akp? ?y?k? kpakpando mb?, kpakpando, na ihe ? b?la ?z? a na-ah? taa.

^[3] Site n'?m? as?s? nke mkp?, a na-ebu na ibu na ala nwere ?t?t? ihe ihe a na-ah? anya na-ag?ta;  ?r?a, ?r?a, nebulas na gas interstellar.  A na-akp? ihe a na-ah? ah? anya d? ka ihe gbara mgbochi [1] ( , umu na-egosi na ?t?t? ihe na-egosi siri ike na-egosi na ? d?, mana any? na-eme mmemme [1]).  ?d? ΛCDM b? ihe nlere anya nke ?wa niile nabatara.  ? na-at? aro na ?h?nanya 69.2%± 1.2% nke uka na ike na ike na ala b? ike nke b? maka osooso nke mgbasawanye nke ?r?a na ala, na-ah? 25.8%± 1.1% b? iwu okwu.  [2] Ya mere okwu zoro (' baryonic ') b? naan? 4.84%± 0.1% nke ?n?n? na ihe kpatara.  [2] Kpakpando, mbara ala, na igwe ojii gas a na-ah? anya na-etolite 6% nke ihe ndakp?

A k?wap?tara eluigwe na ?wa nk?t? d? ka oghere na oge niile [lower-alpha 1] (a na-akp?k?ta ?n? d? ka spacetime ) na ?d?naya ha. ^[4] ?d?naya d? otu ah? g?nyere ike niile n'?d? ya d? iche iche, g?nyere radieshon electromagnetic na ihe, yab? mbara ala, ?nwa, kpakpando, ?y?k? kpakpando, na ?d?naya nke oghere intergalactic . ^{[5] [6]} Eluigwe na Ala g?nyekwara iwu an? ah? nke na-emet?ta ike na ihe, d? ka iwu nchekwa, ?r? oge gboo, na mmek? . ^[7] At?:Nature timeline

N'ime ak?k? mb? nke otu ab?? nke ?d? ad? nke eluigwe na ala, ike an? b?? isi ekewaala. Ka eluigwe na ?wa gara n'ihu na-aj? oyi site n'?n?d? ya na-ekpo ?k? na-enwegh? at?, ?d? irighiri ihe d? iche iche nke subatomic nwere ike ?malite n'oge d? mkpirikpi nke a maara d? ka oge quark, oge hadron, na oge lepton . ?n?, oge nd? a gbak?tara ihe na-erugh? sek?nd 10 nke oge na-eso Big Bang. Ihe ?m? irighiri ihe nd? a jik?tara n'?z? kw?siri ike na njik?ta buru ibu, g?nyere protons na neutrons kw?siri ike, b? nke meziri nuclei at? d? mgbagwoju anya site na ngwak?ta nuklia . ^{[8] [9]}

1. ↑ Greene (2011). The Hidden Reality . Alfred A. Knopf .  
2. ↑ Hawking, Stephen (1988). A Brief History of Time . Bantam Books. ISBN 978-0-553-05340-1 .  
3. ↑ Persic (September 1, 1992). "The baryon content of the Universe". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 258 (1): 14P?18P. DOI : 10.1093/mnras/258.1.14P . ISSN 0035-8711 .  
4. ↑ Zeilik (1998). Introductory Astronomy & Astrophysics , 4th, Saunders College Publishing. ISBN 978-0-03-006228-5 . “The totality of all space and time; all that is, has been, and will be.”  
5. ↑ Universe . Merriam-Webster Dictionary . Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved on September 21, 2012.
6. ↑ Universe . Dictionary.com . Archived from the original on October 23, 2012. Retrieved on September 21, 2012.
7. ↑ Schreuder (2014). Vision and Visual Perception . Archway Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4808-1294-9 . Retrieved on January 27, 2016 .  
8. ↑ Johnson (February 2019). "Populating the periodic table: Nucleosynthesis of the elements" (in en). Science 363 (6426): 474?478. DOI : 10.1126/science.aau9540 . ISSN 0036-8075 . PMID 30705182 .  
9. ↑ Durrer (2008). The Cosmic Microwave Background . Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-84704-9 .