???? ?? ?????

≪???? ?? ?????≫ ( ???????? ? Tom and Jerry ) ???????? ?????????? ????????? , (????.? animation multiserial) ????????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? (William Hanna and Joseph Barbera) ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????????? ?? ??????????? ??????

≪??????????≫ (???????? ????????? ??????????? - ????.? multifilm) ?????? ????? ??????????? ? 20 ???????? 1940-??? ≪?????????≫? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????????????? ????? ?????? (Jasper) ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????

????????? ????????????? ≪??????????≫, ????? 1940 ????????? ?????? 1958 ???????? ???????? ? MGM ≪????????≫ (???????? ????????????? ???????????? 6 ????.? studio), ????? ???????????? ?????????? ≪??????????≫ ????????? ? ?????????? ???????? 7 ?????? ≪?????????≫? ????????? ????????? ?????? ? ???????????? ???????? ????????? 1961 ????????? ≪Rembrandt Films≫ ???????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ≪?????????≫, ????? 13 ?????????????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????????? ≪??????????≫ ?????????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? 1963 ?????????, ????? ???????? ≪Sib Tower 12 Productions≫ ???????????? ?????? 1967 ?????????

????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

???????????

??????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????? ???? ?'??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???, ?????-?????????-??????? (Mammy Two Shoes, ?????? Mrs. Two Shoes) ????? (?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????????)? ?????? ???? ?? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????????? ????, ?????, ?????????? ?????, ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ≪?????≫?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????, ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ^[1]? ??????????????, ???? ???????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?'????? ^[1]? ?????? ??????, ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? Butch ??????? ?????? ?? ????? (Spike) ?????, ??? ?????? (Jerry) ??????????????? ?'???? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? (Nibbles) ???????, ?? ??????? (Quacker) ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????, ?????? ???? ?? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ?'??????? ????????????, ???? ???? ^[2]^[3]?

???????? ?????????? ??? ????? ? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ^[4]^[5]? ????? ??????????? ???????????? (series) ?? ??????????? ????????????, ??????????? ≪????????≫?? ?? ??????? ??? , ?????? ????? ??????????????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? , ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ^[6]?

??????????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???????????????, ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ^[7] ????????? ????? ??, ??????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???????, ??????? ? ???? ?? ????????? ???????????????, ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ≪??????????≫????? ??? ????????????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????????????

?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

1940-1958 ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

1930-????????? ??????? Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer-? ???????????? ????????? (multiplication) ?????? ?????? ?'????? ????????? ???????????????? (multifilm) ??? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? (Rudolf Ising) ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????, ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????????????? ???? ??????????? ??????????????? (animator) ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? (William Hanna and Joseph Barbera)? ??? ????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????. ?????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ????????????? ≪????? ?????????≫, ≪????? ?????≫ ?????????? (serials) ????, ??? ???????? ???? ?? ≪Van Beuren Studios≫ ??????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ?????, ?????? ??? ??????????? ≪?? ?????? ????????≫ ??????? ??? ?? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ^[8]? ???? ??????????????, ?????? 1940 ????????? ??????? ≪?????? ??????? (jab) ?? ?????? ≫ ???????? ?????????????, ??? ?? ???????????, ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ^[9]? ??? ????? (episode) ?????????????? ??????, ???? ???????? ?????????? ^[1]?

??????????????, ??? ????????????? ??? ????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????, ?? ???????? ???? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??? ????????? ???, ???? ?????? MGM-? ????? ??????????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ^[2]? ?????? ??? ?????, ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????????????? ??? ?? ???? (house cat (Tom) and mouse (Jerry)) ^[10]? 1941 ????????? ??????????? ??? ????????????? ≪???????????? ?????????≫ (The Midnight Snack in 1941) ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ?????, ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?? ????????????????? ????????? ^[11]? ????? ??????-(multiplicator) ?????????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????, ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ??????, ????? ???????, ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????????????? (????.? multifilm) ?????????????? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ^[12]? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????? 40 000 ????? ???? ?'????? MGM-?? ????? ^[13]?

????????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ???????? MGM ????? ???, ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ?????

?????-??????? (William Hanna and Joseph Barbera) ????? 17 ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? 116 ?????????????? ^[9] (????????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? (Spike and Tyke) ????? ??????? ???????????????, ??????? 7-? ????????? ????? ????????? ≪???????? ??????????? multifim≫ ????????????? ^[14]? ??????????? ??????? ≪???? ?? ????≫-? ?????? ???????????? ?? ??????? ???? 1950-????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????, ??? ?????????????????? ?????? ^[7]^[11]? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??????????????????? (remake) ?? ???????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????, ??? ??? ??????????????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? 1957 ????????? ????????? MGM-? ≪multiplication≫ ??????, ??? ?????????????? ??? ???? ????????????? ≪Hanna-Barbera≫ ??????????? ^[2]?

1961-1962 ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

???????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? MGM-? ??????????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ????????????? ≪Rembrandt Films≫ ????????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? 13 ?????? ^[15]^[16]^[17]? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??, ????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????, ???????????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????, ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????, ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????????? ????? ????????? ^[15]^[17]^[18]?

??? ????? ????????, ??? ??????????? ????????? ???????????? ≪?????????≫? ?????????? ?'?????? ??????? MGM-? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ???????????? ^[13]? ?????? ???? ?? ≪Rembrandt Films≫-? ?? ??????? ≪???????? ????????≫? ??? ????, ??????????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ^[13]:

??????? ???????? ???????? ????????, ≪Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer≫-? ?????????????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?? 10 000 ??? ????? ^[13]? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ????. ??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????????, ??? ???? ????????????? ??????????? ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?'?????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? (futuristic effects) ????????? ?????????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????????????? ??? ????????, ??????????????? ?? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ≪?????????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????≫ ^[13]?

?????? ≪Rembrandt Films≫-? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????????????? ?????? 1962 ??????? ^[17]? ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? MGM-? ???????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????????????? ^[13]? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????????? ?? ???????????????? ?????? ????????????? (carriers) ^[19]?

????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ??????? ]

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 ^1,2 Подолян Ольга. (24 марта 2011 год)? ≪Главному игроку в ≪кошки-мышки≫ сегодня исполнилось бы 100 лет≫ (????????)? Вести.ру ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 18???
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 Vallance Tom. (24 марта 2001 года)? ≪William Hanna≫ (????????)? The Independent? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2010-07-17-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 17???
↑ ≪William Hanna Dies at 90; Created Cartoon Characters≫ ? ???? ???? ????? ? 23 марта 2001 года ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 21???
↑ Hanna, William; Barbera, Joseph; Sennett, Ted., The Art of Hanna-Barbera: Fifty Years of Creativity, Нью-Йорк?
↑ Smoodin Eric? ≪Cartoon and Comic Classicism: High-Art Histories of Lowbrow Culture≫? American Literary History (???????, ????????: Oxford University Press) 4 (1 (1992))
↑ Whitworth Melissa (20 декабря 2006 года)? ≪Master cartoonist who created Tom and Jerry draws his last≫? The Daily Telegraph (????????)? ?? 9
↑ ^7,0 ^7,1 Vallance Tom (6 декабря 2006 года)? ≪Joseph Barbera≫ (????????)? Лондон: The Independent ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 18???
↑ Maltin Leonard. (1997)? Interview with Joseph Barbera (Digital)? Archive of American Television
↑ ^9,0 ^9,1 {{{заглавие}}}. ? Hal Leonard Corporation.
↑ Barbera, Joseph. {{{заглавие}}}. ? Turner Publishing.
↑ ^11,0 ^11,1 ≪Cartoon creator Joe Barbera dies≫ (????????)? Dallas Morning News / Associated Press? 18 декабря 2006 года? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2007-01-04-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013-08-17
↑ McDougal, Dennis. Five Easy Decades: How Jack Nich olson Became the Biggest Movie Star in Modern Times. ? John Wiley & Sons.
↑ ^13,0 ^13,1 ^13,2 ^13,3 ^13,4 ^13,5 Deitch Gene. (2001)? ≪Tom & Jerry: The First Reincarnation≫ (????????)? Animation World Network? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2013-05-08-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ?????? 19
↑ Glendinning Lee (19 декабря 2006 года)? ≪Joe Barbera, creator of cartoon classics, dies at 95≫ (????????)? Лондон: The Guardian ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 17???
↑ ^15,0 ^15,1 ≪Rare Tom & Jerry Cell≫ (????????)? Rembrandt Films? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2013-03-24-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2010 ?? ???????? 17???
↑ MacDougall Kent. (11 июня 1962 года)? ≪Popeye, Tom & Jerry Join Trend to Shift Production Overseas≫ (????????)? The Wall Street Journal? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2012-11-07-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ?????? 19
↑ ^17,0 ^17,1 ^17,2 P. Lehman, Christopher. {{{заглавие}}}. ? McFarland & Company.
↑ Grimes William. (27 апреля 2010 года)? ≪Allen Swift, Voice Actor for Radio and TV, Dies at 86≫ (????????)? ???? ???? ????? ? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2015-11-07-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ?????? 19
↑ Pratt, Doug. {{{заглавие}}}. ? Douglas Pratt.

[вести-1] 1,0 ^1,1 ^1,2 Подолян Ольга. (24 марта 2011 год)? ≪Главному игроку в ≪кошки-мышки≫ сегодня исполнилось бы 100 лет≫ (????????)? Вести.ру ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 18???

[Meshing-2] 2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 Vallance Tom. (24 марта 2001 года)? ≪William Hanna≫ (????????)? The Independent? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2010-07-17-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 17???

[Hanna-3] ≪William Hanna Dies at 90; Created Cartoon Characters≫ ? ???? ???? ????? ? 23 марта 2001 года ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 21???

[Sennett-4] Hanna, William; Barbera, Joseph; Sennett, Ted., The Art of Hanna-Barbera: Fifty Years of Creativity, Нью-Йорк?

[Smoodin-5] Smoodin Eric? ≪Cartoon and Comic Classicism: High-Art Histories of Lowbrow Culture≫? American Literary History (???????, ????????: Oxford University Press) 4 (1 (1992))

[DailyTeleL-6] Whitworth Melissa (20 декабря 2006 года)? ≪Master cartoonist who created Tom and Jerry draws his last≫? The Daily Telegraph (????????)? ?? 9

[IndependentKarateGuard-7] 7,0 ^7,1 Vallance Tom (6 декабря 2006 года)? ≪Joseph Barbera≫ (????????)? Лондон: The Independent ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 18???

[LeonardMaltin-8] Maltin Leonard. (1997)? Interview with Joseph Barbera (Digital)? Archive of American Television

[AC-9] 9,0 ^9,1 {{{заглавие}}}. ? Hal Leonard Corporation.

[BarberaAutoBio-10] Barbera, Joseph. {{{заглавие}}}. ? Turner Publishing.

[Dallas-11] 11,0 ^11,1 ≪Cartoon creator Joe Barbera dies≫ (????????)? Dallas Morning News / Associated Press? 18 декабря 2006 года? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2007-01-04-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013-08-17

[12] McDougal, Dennis. Five Easy Decades: How Jack Nich olson Became the Biggest Movie Star in Modern Times. ? John Wiley & Sons.

[Deitch-13] 13,0 ^13,1 ^13,2 ^13,3 ^13,4 ^13,5 Deitch Gene. (2001)? ≪Tom & Jerry: The First Reincarnation≫ (????????)? Animation World Network? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2013-05-08-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ?????? 19

[Guardian-14] Glendinning Lee (19 декабря 2006 года)? ≪Joe Barbera, creator of cartoon classics, dies at 95≫ (????????)? Лондон: The Guardian ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ???????? 17???

[cell-15] 15,0 ^15,1 ≪Rare Tom & Jerry Cell≫ (????????)? Rembrandt Films? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2013-03-24-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2010 ?? ???????? 17???

[16] MacDougall Kent. (11 июня 1962 года)? ≪Popeye, Tom & Jerry Join Trend to Shift Production Overseas≫ (????????)? The Wall Street Journal? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2012-11-07-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ?????? 19

[Lehman-17] 17,0 ^17,1 ^17,2 P. Lehman, Christopher. {{{заглавие}}}. ? McFarland & Company.

[date-18] Grimes William. (27 апреля 2010 года)? ≪Allen Swift, Voice Actor for Radio and TV, Dies at 86≫ (????????)? ???? ???? ????? ? ??????????? ? ?????????? -??? 2015-11-07-?? ? ?????????? ?? 2013 ?? ?????? 19

[Pratt-19] Pratt, Doug. {{{заглавие}}}. ? Douglas Pratt.

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