????????????? ???? ??????????????
???????? - ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? (2006 ?., ???????? ?????????)
?????????? ??????????
???????
??????? ????????????? ??????? ?, ??? ????????????? ? ????? ????? ???
??????? ?????????? ??????????? (????-?)
??????? ????????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? (?????????) ? ???? ??????? (??????) ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ???, ??????, ??????? ? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ??????? ? ???????????????? ????, ?????? ? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ???? ? ???????? ???? ??????????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ? ??? ?????????? ?????????? (
1950
?
2006
???????????? ????? ??????????)? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?
1927
-??? ?????
1939
-? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ????? ????????? ????????, ????????????
???????????
,
???
-? ?
?????????
? ??????? ?????????????
?????????
???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ?????????
1939
?
1950
-???
?????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ???
1924
-?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????, ???, ??????, ???????? ?? ??????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????
[1]
? ???? ??
1924?? ???????? ?????????? ??????
???? ??? ????????
????????
, ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????
????
-? ????????? ??
1924
-?
??????? 20
-??, 1-?? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ???
[2]
?
????-? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ???????
1927
-??,
?????????
[1]
? ????????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????, ??? 1950-?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ???
[1]
?
???????
?????????? ?????????? ???????
(???) ?????? ?????????? ???????? ? ????? ???????
[3]
, ???
1999
-?
????????
??????? ?????????? ??????????
` ??????, ???????? ? ?????????? ???????? ?????????
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
?
???-? ????? ???????, ????-? ??????? ? ??? ??????????, ??? ?????` ?????? ??????? ????????, ???? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ????????????????? ????? ? ??????? ≪?????????? ?????????≫ ????? ?????????? ????????????? ? ???????? ??????????? ? ???? ??? ?????
?????????? ??????
????
?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????
[
????????
|
???????? ????
]
??????
|
№
|
????????? ????
|
????
|
?????
|
?????
|
????????
?????????????
??????
|
1924
|
?????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????
?????????? ?????????
(?????????)
|
???????
,
?????
|
????????????
|
?????????
|
?????????
|
|
1926
|
2-?? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????
??????? ???????
|
?????????
,
?????????
|
?????????
|
???????????
|
????????
|
4
|
1927
|
?????? ?????????? ?????????
|
??????? ??????????????
,
??????
|
?????????
|
?????
|
??????
|
16
|
1928
|
2-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????????
,
?????
|
?????????
|
???
|
????????
|
17
|
1930
|
3-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
????????
|
????????
|
?????????
|
????????
|
18
|
1931
|
4-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????????
,
?????
|
???
|
????????
|
????????????
|
19
|
1933
|
5-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
??????? ??????????????
,
????????
|
???
|
????????????
|
??????
|
15
|
1935
|
6-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
???????
|
???
|
??????
|
????????
|
20
|
1936
|
3-?? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
????????
|
?????????
|
????????
|
????????
|
21
|
1937
|
7-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
??????
,
????????
|
???
|
?????????
|
????????
|
19
|
1939
|
8-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
??????? ?????
|
????????
|
????????
|
???????
|
27
|
1950
|
9-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???????????
,
??????????
|
???????????
|
?????????
|
???????? ????????
|
16
|
1952
|
10-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
????????
|
????
|
?????????
|
???????????
|
25
|
1954
|
11-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????????
,
?????????
|
????
|
?????????
|
???????????
|
26
|
1956
|
12-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????
,
??????
|
????
|
???????????
|
?????????
|
34
|
1958
|
13-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
????????
|
????
|
???????????
|
?????????
|
36
|
1960
|
14-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
???????
|
????
|
???
|
???????????
|
40
|
1962
|
15-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
?????
|
????
|
???????????
|
?????????
|
38
|
1964
|
16-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???????
,
??? ????
|
????
|
???????????
|
???????? ????????
|
50
|
1966
|
17-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????
,
??????
|
????
|
???
|
?????????
|
52
|
1968
|
18-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
???????
|
????
|
???????????
|
?????????
|
53
|
1970
|
19-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
?????
|
????
|
?????????
|
???????????
|
60
|
1972
|
20-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???????????
,
??????
|
????
|
?????????
|
???????????
|
63
|
1974
|
21-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???????
,
?????
|
????
|
???????????
|
???
|
75
|
1976
|
22-?? ?????????? ?????????
*
|
???????
,
?????
|
???
|
????????????
|
??????
|
48
|
1976
|
4-?? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????
,
???????
|
????????
|
??????
|
????????
|
34
|
1978
|
23-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
??????? ?????
|
?????????
|
????
|
???
|
66
|
1980
|
24-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????
,
??????
|
????
|
?????????
|
???
|
82
|
1982
|
25-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
????????
|
????
|
????????????
|
???
|
92
|
1984
|
26-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
???????
|
????
|
??????
|
???
|
88
|
1986
|
27-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???
,
??????
|
????
|
??????
|
???
|
108
|
1988
|
28-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
???????
|
????
|
??????
|
????????????
|
107
|
1990
|
29-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???????????
,
???? ???
|
????
|
???
|
??????
|
108
|
1992
|
30-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
??????????
,
??????
|
?????????
|
??????????
|
????????
|
102
|
1994
|
31-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
??????
|
?????????
|
?????? ? ???????????
|
?????????-2
|
124
|
1996
|
32-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
?????
|
?????????
|
????????
|
???
|
114
|
1998
|
33-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
??????
|
?????????
|
???
|
????????
|
110
|
2000
|
34-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???????
,
????????
|
?????????
|
????????
|
????????
|
126
|
2002
|
35-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
????
|
?????????
|
?????????
|
????????
|
135
|
2004
|
36-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???????
,
??????
|
????????
|
?????????
|
????????
|
129
|
2006
|
37-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
??????
,
??????
|
????????
|
????????
|
???
|
148
|
2008
|
38-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
???????
|
????????
|
???????
|
???
|
147
|
2010
|
39-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
????? ????????
|
????????
|
?????????
|
???????
|
149
|
2012
|
40-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???????
,
????????
|
????????
|
?????????
|
????????
|
149
|
2014
|
41-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
???????
|
????????
|
?????????
|
?????????
|
177 (172)
|
2016
|
42-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
????????
,
?????
|
???
|
????????
|
?????????
|
180
[11]
|
2018
|
43-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
???????
,
??????
|
????????
|
???
|
?????????
|
185
|
2022
|
44-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
??????
|
??????????
|
????????
|
?????????-2
|
188
|
2024
|
45-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
?????????
,
?????????
|
|
|
|
|
2024
|
46-?? ?????????? ?????????
|
??????????
,
???????
|
|
|
|
|
*
?????????? ????????
? ????????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? 1976 ??????? ?????????????
??? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????? ????? ???????? ?????????
- ↑
1,0
1,1
1,2
Brace, Edward R. (1977),
An Illustrated Dictionary of Chess
, Hamlyn Publishing Group, ?? 64,
ISBN
1-55521-394-4
(????.)
- ↑
FIDE History
by Bill Wall. Retrieved 2 May 2008.
(????.)
- ↑
3,0
3,1
Recognized Sports of the International Olympic Committee
?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ? 2008-? ?????? 2?
(????.)
- ↑
International Federation (IF) for chess.
?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ? 2008-? ?????? 2?
(????.)
- ↑
FIDE - Uniting the Chess World
?????
?????????? ????? ??????? ? 2008-? ???????
(????.)
- ↑
ARISF Members
??? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? (Association of Recognized IOC International Sports Federation)? ??????? ? 2008-? ?????? 2?
(????.)
- ↑
Complete FIDE Anti-Doping Documents
?????
?????????? ????? ??????? ? 2008-? ???????
(????.)
- ↑
Controversy over FIDE doping check
ChessBase.com
??????? ? 2008-? ???????
(????.)
- ↑
The Insanity of Drug Testing in Chess
??????????
2012-02-29
Wayback Machine
by
Jeremy Silman
??????? ? 2008-? ???????
(????.)
- ↑
Chess Olympiad in Dresden 2008
??????????
2008-09-11
Wayback Machine
chinaorbit.com ??????? ? 2008-? ???????
(????.)
- ↑
42nd Olympiad Baku 2016 Open
- ?????? ?????????? ?????
- ???????? ? ??????????? ≪?????????≫ (
OlimpBase
) ????????
|
---|
| ?? ??????????
| |
---|
| ?????????
| |
---|
| ??????
| |
---|
|