???????? ?????????????
,
????????????? ????????????
????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?????????????????????, ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????????????? ? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ?? ????????????????, ???????, ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???
??????? ??????????
, ?? ????????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ???????, ???
?????????????
?????????? ??????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ? ???? ????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ????, ??? ??????? ≪????????≫ ??????????? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ????? ? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ?, ??????? ???????????????? ???????????, ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? 15-?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????????, ? ????? ??? ?????????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ? ???????? ??????? 19-?? ???? ????? ? 20-?? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ≪???????? ???????????? ???? ?????????≫? ?????????? ?????? ? ???????, ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????
??? ??? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????
[1]
? ??? ????? ? ????????? ????? ??? ?????, ??? ??????? ?? ?????????
[2]
? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ? ????????? ?????
????????????? ?????????????
,
?? ????????????? ?????????????
,
??????
???
?????
, ??? ?????????? ? ? ???????????? ? ????????? ? ?????????? ??????
[3]
[4]
? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????? ????? ?, ?? ≪????? ?????????? ... ??????? ???, ??? ???????≫? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????????????, ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ? ?????????? ????? ????????, ??? ????????????? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ? ??????????? ???????
?? ?? ?????????
≪????? ??????≫
????? ?? ?????????? ????? ? ??????????? ???????? ?????, ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ????, ??
???? ???? ??????
??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????
[5]
?
??? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????????????, ??????? ?? ?????????????????????, ????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ???????, ????????????? ? ???????????? ????????? ????? 18-?? ??????, ??? ≪???????????≫ ?????????????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????, ?????? ???????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ????? ??????????, ?? ??????? ??????????, ????????????? ? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????????, ???????? ? ??????? ????????????? ???, ????? ????????? ??????????? ? ????????
?????????????????
, ?????? ??? ????????? ????????
1962 ???????? ????????? ????????
????? ??????
??
≪?????????? ?????≫
?????? ??????? ??, ?? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ??????????????? ? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??, ?? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????????????, ???????? ???? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??, ?? ?????????????? ?????? ????? ???????????? ? ???????? ????????? ????, ????????? ???
≪???? ???????≫
-? ?
≪?????? ????????≫
-?, 18-?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????
17-?? ??????
??????????
????? ????????? ≪???????????≫ ??????????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????, ????? ? ????????????? ????? ??????? ??????
[6]
[7]
? 1690 ???????? ???????? ????????
??? ????
??
≪???? ????????? ???????????? ?????≫
??????????????? ??????????? ??
≪??????? ????≫
???????????, ???????? ???, ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ???, ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????, ? ????? ???????????????? ? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????????
???? ??? ?????????, ?? ????????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ??????
19-?? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???
???????
?
??? ?? ?? ???????
???????? ?
???? ??????
≪???? ???? ?????????≫-? (1697)
[8]
? ??? ???????? ?????????????? ????????? ????, ?? 19-?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ? ????????? ????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ????????? ? ????? ??????????
[8]
? 17-?? ??????, ??? ????? ????, ???????? ???????????? ? ?????????????? ????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ??????? ???
????????????
, ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????, ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ≪??? ??????????? ?????≫-? ??????????? ??? ?? ????????
[9]
? ????????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??
????? ????????
, ??? ?????????????? ?????, ??? ???? ??? ????????? ? ?????????? ?,
??? ???????
≪????????? ???????????????≫
(1678) ????? ?
[10]
?
???????????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????????, ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???????
[11]
, ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????????, ????? ????????? ???
?????? ???????????
???????, ??????
?????????
, ???????? ????????????? ?
??????????? ?????????
???????????????? ????? ???
[7]
? ?????? ????, ?? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ?????, ????????? ???????? ????????? ? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????
???????????????????????
??? ??????? ?????????? ?????, ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????, ???????? ???
?????????
?
??????????
17-?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ???
????????
?, ???? ? ????????
??? ??????
, ???
≪?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????≫
????? ???????? ? 1646 ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
?????????
?
≪??? ???????? ??????????≫
-? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?, ?? ???????? ? 1691 ???????? ? ????? 100 ???? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????≪????? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????≫ ? ???????????? ??????????? ????? ??????????? ?? ??? ????????
???????
,
???????????
, ????????????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ? ??? ??????? ???????, ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????
??????????
≪??????????≫ ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????
???????????
????????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? 1697 ????????, ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ? ???????? ????????????? ???????
??????
????????
???????? ????? ???? ?
???? ?????????
? ????? ??????? ?
≪??????? ???????≫
?
????????
?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? 16-?? ???? ??????
[1]
?
???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? 18-?? ???? ????? ??????????
[12]
?
≪???? ??????? ?????? ???????≫
-?, ??? ????? ? ??????????? ?
??? ?????????
??????, ????????? ? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? 1744 ???????? ?????????????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????????, ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???????????????????, ????????? ?????????????? ? ???????? ?????
[13]
[14]
? ????????? ???????? ??, ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ? ????????????? ?????, ??? ????????? ??????
[15]
? ?? ??? ??????? ??, ?? ??????? ??????????????? ????? ????????? ?, ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ? ????? ??? ???????????? ????, ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ????? ??? ????? ≪???? ?????≫-? ???????? ?????? ≪??????? ?????≫-?, ????? ?????? ??? 19-?? ???????
???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ? ???????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??????, ??? ??? ???????????, ??????,
??????? ?????????
?
?????? ???????????
?
???-??? ??????
??? ?????
????????
??, ??? ???????????? ? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??, ?? ???????? ???? ? ????? ???, ?? ?? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ???????????????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ????
??????? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ???
????????????
, ???????? ?????????
????????????????
???, ????? ????????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ???????????????
1911 ????????
????????? ???????????????
?
??????? ????????????? ?????????
??????? ????????? ? ?????????? ????????????????, ????? ??????? ???????? ??????????????
???????????
? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????????????`
≪????????? ??????≫
-?, ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????, ??????? ???
≪????????????? ???????≫
-? ?
≪?????????? ?????????? ???????≫
-?
[1]
? ?????? ?????? ?????????
??? ?????
??, ?? ≪????????? ??????≫-??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????
≪?????????????? ????? ?????≫
????????? ????? ? ??????????? ??????, ??? ?? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ? ????
??? ???????
???? ????????? ?????, ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ? ???????????? 28 ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ????? ???? 1932 ????????
???? ???????
??????????
≪??? ??? ? ???? ???≫
????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????
????
?? ????? ????????? ?????
[1]
?
???????? ?????????????? ????????, ????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????, ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ??????, ????? ????? ??
????? ??????
≪????? ????????? ?????????≫
? ??? ?????????????????
≪????? ??????? ?????????≫
? ???? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ? ??????
??????? ??????
? 1902 ????????, ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??, ?? ??????????
≪????? ????????? ????????????≫
?????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? 23 ???? ? ?????? ??????? ????
???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?? ?????????? 1940 ????????
[16]
? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??
≪?????? ?????≫
-? ?????? ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????
??????? ????????????? ?????????
????????????? 1930-???? ???????????,
???? ????????
?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ? ?????? ???????? ??????????, ?????? ??????????, ???????????, ?????????? ? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? 90 ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ? ?? ???????? ?????????????, ??????? ?????????????
≪????? ??????? ??????≫
?????, ??????????? ? 1942 ?????????
?????? ????????????? ??????????
???? ????
?????? ???????
????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????????????????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????????, ??? ????????????? ??????? 1390 ???????? ????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ?????, ??? ??????? ??
≪???????????? ? ???????≫
?
???????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????
≪?????≫
-?
[17]
?
≪????≫
-?
[18]
? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???
≪??????? ??????? ????≫
-?, ??? ???????????? ?? 1879-1967 ??????????? ?
≪????????? ??????? ????≫
-?, ??? ???????????? ?? 1880-1956 ???????????? ??? ???????? ??????????, ???????? ???
?????? ????? ?????
,
????? ?????
? ????, ????????? ≪??????? ??????? ????≫-? ???????????
≪????????? ??????? ????≫-? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????, ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???
??????? ???? ????????
,
???? ????? ?????
,
???? ???????
,
???? ?????
? ?????
≪??????≫
?????? ?????????? ?????? ?, ??? ????????? ? ?????? ?????? 1950 ????????? ?? ??????????? ???? ? ??????????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ? ??? 900.000 ??????
[19]
[20]
?
???????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ? ??????? ????? ??? ????????????, ??? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ???, ????? ????????? ???????????????? ????????? ????? ?, ????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? 18-?? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????????????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ? ????? ??? ??????????????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????
≪???? ???? ??????? ?????≫
?
????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????
?? ????? ??????
≪?? ?????? ??????? ???????≫
????????? ???? ?, ??? ??????????? ? 1900 ?????????
??????????? ??????????? ?????? ? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????????,
??????????
?
???????????
??????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????
1960-????????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ? ??? ???? ???????? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ? ???????, ???????? ??? ???????????, ???? ? ????????????????????
???????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ?
????????? ????????
? ?????????? 1871 ????????? 1860-????????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ? ?? ????????????? ??????????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????????, ????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ?
?? ????????
??????? 1870-???? ? 1880-???? ??????????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????
?????????? ????????????, ???????? ?? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? 1913 ??? 1914 ???????? ???????? 10 ??????? ???????? ???????????? ? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ???????, ? ????? ?????????? ????? 61 ???????? ????????
???????????? ????????????????
???? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????????????? 1932 ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ? ?????????
???? ???????? ??????????
?
- ↑
1,0
1,1
1,2
1,3
Hunt, Peter (editor) (1996).
International Companion Encyclopedia Of Children's Literature
. Taylor & Francis.
ISBN
978-0-203-16812-7
.
- ↑
Nodelman, Perry (2008).
The Hidden Adult: Defining Children's Literature
. JHU. ?? 4.
ISBN
978-0-8018-8980-6
.
- ↑
Library of Congress.
≪Children's Literature≫
(PDF)
.
LIbrary of Congress Collections Policy Statement
. Library of Congress
. ??????? ? 2013 ?? ??????? 1-??
.
- ↑
Chevalier, Tracy (1989).
Twentieth-Century Children's Writers
. Chicago: St. James Press.
ISBN
978-0-912289-95-3
.
- ↑
Smith, Dinitia (2000 ?? ??????? 24).
≪The
Times
Plans a Children's Best-Seller List≫
.
The New York Times
. ??????? ? 2012 ?? ??????? 24-??
.
- ↑
Shavit, Zohar (2009).
Poetics of Children's Literature
. University of Georgia Press.
ISBN
978-0-8203-3481-3
.
- ↑
7,0
7,1
Reynolds, Kimberley (2011).
Children's Literature: A Very Short Introduction
.
Oxford University Press
.
- ↑
8,0
8,1
Lyons, Martyn. 2011. Books: a living history. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum.
- ↑
≪To Instruct and Delight A History of Children's Literature≫
. Randon History. ?????????? ?
??????????
2012 ?? ??????? 15-??
. ??????? ? 2012 ?? ??????? 16-??
.
- ↑
e.g.
The New Amplified Pilgrim's Progress
(both book and dramatized audio) ? as retold by James Pappas. Published by Orion's Gate (1999) and
The Evergreen Wood: An Adaptation of the "Pilgrim's Progress" for Children
written by Linda Perry, illustrated by Alan Perry. Published by Hunt & Thorpe, 1997. The Pilgrim's Progress#Retellings.
- ↑
Arbuthnot, May Hill (1964).
Children and Books
. United States:
Scott, Foresman
.
- ↑
≪How the Newbery Award Got Its Name≫
.
- ↑
≪Early Children's Literature: From moralistic stories to narratives of everyday life≫
.
- ↑
Marks, Diana F. (2006).
Children's Book Award Handbook
. Westport, Conn: Libraries Unlimited. ??
201
.
- ↑
Townsend, John Rowe.
Written for Children
. (1990). New York: HarperCollins.
0-06-446125-4
, pp. 15?16.
- ↑
Hunt, Peter (editor) (1996).
International Companion Encyclopedia Of Children's Literature
, pp. 475-6.
- ↑
BBC News, 16 August 2012
- ↑
The Telegraph
, 27 July 2015
- ↑
Roger Sabin,
Adult comics: an introduction
(illustrated ed.), London: Taylor & Francis, 1993, p. 25.
- ↑
Dan Dare and the Birth of Hi-Tech Britain
, sciencemuseum.org.uk, ?????????? ?
??????????
2010 ?? ??????? 21-??
, ??????? ? 2010 ?? ??????? 19-??
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ISBN
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- Chapleau, Sebastien (2004).
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ISBN
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ISBN
978-0-19-969514-0
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ISBN
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ISBN
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- Lesnik-Oberstein, Karin (1996). ≪Defining Children's Literature and Childhood≫. In Hunt, Peter (ed.).
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?31.
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ISBN
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