??? ???
Hip hop
|
|---|
 |
| ?????? ??????
| ????
, ?????,
?????
,
?????
,
??????
,
???
|
|---|
| ?????? ???????
| 1970-???????,
???? ????
,
??????
|
|---|
| ?????? ?????
| 
???
|
|---|
| ?????? ?????????
| ????????? ????????????, ??????, ???? ??????, ???????, ?????????? ?????????, ?????, ??? ?????, ?????????
|
|---|
| ????????
| ????? 1980-???? ???????????
|
|---|
| ??????????
|
|---|
| ???? ???, ??-????, ???????????? ???, ??? ???, ?????????????? ??? ???, ??????? ???, ????, ????? ??? ? ????
|
??? ???
(
????.
?
Hip hop
[1]
), ?????????? ????, ??? ????? ? ???? 1970-???????? ??????
?????????????????
?
???????? ??????????????
??????
???? ?????
??????
??????????? ???-??? ?????????????? ????? ? ????? ????????????? ? ????????? ??? ???????? ????, ??? ???????? ? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? (????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ?????), ??? ????? ?????????? ? ????????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? (
?????
)?
??? (Hip) ???? ???????????? ?? ????????????? ????????? ???
1898
???????? ? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????, ??? ??? (Hop) ????? ??????? ????????? ≪hip hop!≫ ???????????????? ??? ????????? ? ?????? ????????
???-???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ? ???????? ? ???? ???? 1970-?????????, ??? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????
???? ???????
, ????????
?????????
?????
?????????????
????????????? ?????????
1980-????????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????? ??????????
??? ????????? ????????????????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???????????? ??? (
????.
?
gangsta rap
) ?????????, ??? ??????????? ?? ????????????????? ??????
????????? ????????????
,
???????????
? ??? ??????????????? ????
1990-???????? ?????? ? ???????
???
???????? ??? ??? ?????? (
????.
?
West Coast hip hop
) ?????????? ?? ??-????? (
????.
?
g-funk
), ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? (
????.
?
East Coast hip hop
) ?????????? ??? ??? ???? (
????.
?
jazz rap
), ?????????????? ??? ???? (
????.
?
alternative hip hop
) ? ??????? ???? (
????.
?
hardcore rap
)?
???-??? ???????????? ??????????????????? ??????????? ????? 1990-???????? ????? ? 2000-???????? ??????, ? ???-???? ????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???, ???????? ?? ???-??????,
???? ??????
?
R&B
-??
2000-???????? ?????? ? 2010-???????? ??????, ????????? ????????? ????????????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ???????, ???????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?
???????
, ??? ???????? ???-???? ????? ?????????, ??????? ??????????? ???? ??????
???? (
????.
?
trap
) ? ????? ??? (
????.
?
mumble rap
) ??????????? ?????? ???-???? ????????????? ????? 2010-???????? ??????? ????? ???? ? 2020-???????? ???????
??????????? ??? ???? ???????? ? ??????????
?????
(??????? ??????????)? ????? ???????????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ?????????? 14 ????????? ????? ?? ???????????????????? 2000 ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????, ?????? ? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ? ≪Selected from...≫ ??????, ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ? ????????????????
[2]
?
2001 ???????? ????? ????????? ?
?? ???????
(???? ?????????) ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????????? ? ????? ?????? ????? ≪??? ???? ?????≫ (????? ???? ???????? ≪??? ????≫)? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???????????? ≪??? ?????≫ ?????????? ?????????? ? ?? ???????????????? 2008 ????????? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ? ??? ?????? ≪??? ???≫ ???????
[3]
?
2007 ???????? ????? ????? ? ???? ???????????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ≪???, ????, ...?≫ ???????? ?? ?????? ? ???? ????? ????? ?????????, ??? ????????????? ?? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????? ? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????????, ???? ????????????????????? ?????????, ???????? ????????????????
- Toop, David (1984/1991)
Rap Attack II: African Rap To Global Hip Hop
New York: Serpent's Tail
1-85242-243-2
;
- McLeod, Kembrew.
Interview with Chuck D and Hank Shocklee
2002.
Stay Free Magazine
.
- Corvino, Daniel and Livernoche (2000) ?
A Brief History of Rhyme and Bass: Growing Up With Hip Hop
. Tinicum, PA: Xlibris Corporation/The Lightning Source, Inc.
1-4010-2851-9
- Hess, Mickey (2009) ?
Hip Hop in America: A Regional Guide: Volume 1: East Coast and West Coast
Greenwood.
0313343233
- Rose, Tricia (1994) -
Black Noise
. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press.
0-8195-6275-0
- Russell A. Potter |tytuł = Spectacular Vernaculars: Hip-Hop and the Politics of Postmodernism |data = 1995 |isbn = 0-7914-2626-2 |miejsce = Albany |wydawca = SUNY Press |oclc = 31604649 }}
- Light, Alan (ed). (1999) ?
The VIBE History of Hip-Hop
. New York: Three Rivers Press.
0-609-80503-7
- George, Nelson (2000, rev. 2005) ?
Hip-Hop America
. New York: Penguin Books.
0-14-028022-7
- Fricke, Jim and Ahearn, Charlie (2002) ?
Yes Yes Y'All: The Experience Music Project Oral History of Hip Hop's First Decade
. New York: Da Capo Press.
0-306-81184-7
- Kitwana, Bakar (2004) -
The State of Hip-Hop Generation: how hip-hop's culture movement is evolving into political power
. December 4, 2006, Ohio Link Database
- Chang, Jeff (2005) ?
Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation
. Picador,
0-312-42579-1
.
- George, Nelson.
Hip Hop America
. Penguin, 2005.
- Katz, Mark.
Groove Music. The Art and Cuture of the Hip Hop DJ
. OUP, 2012.