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??? ????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??????? ????????? κ?λλο?, kallos ???? ??????????? ????????? ? ≪?????????????≫, ≪??????? ≫, ??? ??????? ? καλ??, kalos? ????????????, kalos ???? ???? ??????????? ? ????? ≪???≫ ??? ≪???????≫, ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????, ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ??????????????? kallos ???? ????????????? ?????????? ? ≪???????≫ ???? ???????????????, ???? ?? ???????? ? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ? ????? ?????? ????? [1] ?

????? ??????????? ?ρα?ο?, h?raios [2] ?????? ??? ????????? ???????, ????????????? ?ρα, h?ra ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ? ≪???≫? ????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ≪?? ?????? ?????/????? ?? ?????????≫ [3] ???? ???? ????????, ≪????? ??????≫ ??????? ?? ?????????, ???? ????????? ??????, ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????, ??? ?????? ????, ?? ????????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????, ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ???????????? h?raios ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ≪?? ????????????????≫ ? ≪??????????, ??? ??????≫?

???????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????????? ? ???????? ????? ????????????? ????? ????? ???, ?? ??? ??????????, ????? ??? ??????????????? ? ???? ?????? ??????????, ????? ?????? ?? ????? [4] ? ??? ???????? ?????????????????? ???????? ? ????????????? ? ?????????????? ????

??????? [5] ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ????????, ??? ??? ?? ????? ????????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ???????????? ????? ???????? ≪?????????????? ?????? ? ????????≫ [6] ?

??????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ??????????? ? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ????????????, ???? ?????????? ???????? ≪??????? ??????????????≫? ?????? ???????????? ??????????, ??? ????, ??? ???????? ??????????????? ? ??? ?????????????, ??????? ? ≪??????? ??????????≫ ??? ≪???? ??????? ?????????????≫, ???? ?????????? ? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ???????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ? ????????? ?????????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ? ???????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ?????????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ? ?????????

????? ????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????? ???????? ??????? ????????????, ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? , ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ???? ??????????? integritas (?????????????????), consonantia (????????), claritas (??? ????????) [7] ?

????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????????????????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????, ??? ?????????? ? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ?

?????????? ????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ? ????? ???? ????????, ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ?????????, ?????????? ? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????????????, ???? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????, ??? ????? ????? ??? ????????

????????? ????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??????? ? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ≪???????≫-? ?????????? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ? ??????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ? ?? ???? ??????????? ?????????, ???????? ?? ????????????????? , ????? , ?????????????????, ???????????????, ????????, ???????????? ?? ??????????????, ??? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ? ??????? ????????? ????????????, ????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ???????

???????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???????????????? ???????????????, ??????, ????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??, ????? ???? ????, ??????? ?????? ? ????????, ?????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ??????????????

????????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ? ????? ??????????? [8] [9] [10] [11] ? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ?????, ????? ????? ?? ???????? ≪????????≫-? ???????? ? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ? 1883 ????????, ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????? ?????, ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????, ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ? ???, ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ? ??? ??? ?????????????? ? ????????? ?????? ?, ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ???????????? ????????????? [12] ?

????????????????? ?????? ??????????? ?, ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ? ????????? ????????? ??????????? 0.70 ????? ??????????? ????? ?? ????, ?? ≪????? ?????????≫ ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??, ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????, ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ?, ??? ?????????????? ?????? ? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????????????, ??? ??????????? ??????? ??, ?? ??? ?????????????? ????? ? ? ???????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ??????????????, ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????, ????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? [13] [14] [15] ?

???????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ???, ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????????????????? ? ??????? ??????? ????????? ? ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????, ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????????????????? ? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??? [16] ? 1960-???????? ≪??? ??????? ?≫ ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ???????? [17] ?

??????????? ??????????????? ? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????????, ???? ???????????????? ? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ??? [18] ? ??????, ????????? ?????? ?????? ? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??? ????????????? ???? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? [19] ?

??????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ? ≪bish?nen≫ ???????? ≪Bish?nen≫-? ?????????? ? ?????? ???? ??? ??????????????????, ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????????` ??????????? ????????? ???????????, ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ?????????` ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????????????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????????????, ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ? ??? ????????, ?? ??????????? ?, ????? ? ??????? ??? ???????????? ?????????????? ?? ????????? ?????????, ?????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ? ????????? ?????????? [20] ?

???????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ? ? ?????? ??????????????? ???? ???????????? ???? ????????????? ? ?????????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ? ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ≪??? ???????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ???, ?? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ? ???????? ?? ?????, ????????, ??????? ? ??????≫ [21] ? ???????? ????????? ?????? ? ????? ??????????? ? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????????? ???, ????? ???? ?????????? ? ??? ??????, ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????, ???? ?? ?????????? ? ????????????? ?????? ????????????? [22] ?

?????? ???????????? ????????? ? ??? ???????? ???????????, ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ? ????? ??????????? ???????????????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ?? Fair & Lovely-? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????, ??????? ? ????????? ??????? [23] ? ????????, ???????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????????????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????????????? ???????? ???????? ? ??????????? ??????,?????????? ??????????? ? ???????? ??????????????? ??? ?? ??????????? ????????, ???? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????, ???????????? ? ??????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? [24] ?

???????? ????????????? ????????????? ??? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ?, ? ??? ????? ? ????????? ???????? ? ????????????????, ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????, ????? ??? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ????????????? ??????????????? Ugly Betty ???????????????? ??????? ??????? ? ?? ????? ?????? ?????, ?? ????????? ???????? ? ???????? ????? ??? ????????, ?? ??????????????? ???????????? ? ??? ???????? ????????, ?????, ??? ???, ?????? ???? ???????????????, ???????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????????????? ?????? Malena ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ?? ????????, ??????? ? ???????????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????????, ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????????????

????????????? ?????? ??, ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ????? ????????????? ?? ???????, ??? ????????? ????????? ??????????? [25] ? ???? ?????????????????????, ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ???, ????? ?? ?????, ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????? ??? ?? ????????????, ??? ??? ???????? ???????????? ??, ????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????????, ??? ????? ?????? ???????????????? ??????????? ? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????????????????? ????? ?? ?????, ?? ????? ????????????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ? ??????????????????? ??? [26] ?

?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????? ?? ?????????????????? ?????? ?, ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? 5-?? 10 ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????, ??? ≪?????????≫ ????????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? 3-?? 8 ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????, ??? ≪???????≫ ?????? [27] ? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????, ????????? ?, ????? ??? ?????????? ???????, ?????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ??? ????????????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? ? ??????????, ???? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? [28] ?

???????? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????? [29] ?

???????? ??? ???????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ≪??????, ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?, ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??????, ?????? ??? ???? ? ???????? ?????≫ [30] ?

???????? ? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ? ≪???????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ????????≫ [31] (2004) ? ≪?????????? ?????≫ [32] (2007) ?????????????????????? ≪????? ??????≫ ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ?, ?? ???? ??? ? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???????????????, ? ??? ???????? ?, ?? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ????????, ???? ??????? ??????????????? ? ???????? ????????????? ?? ??????, ? ??????????, ?? ???????? ????? ???????????? ? ??????????? [33] ?

???????? 20-?? ?????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

20-?? ???? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ????????, ??? ???????????? ????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? [34] ? ?? ?? ??? ???????, ??? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??, ?? ??????? ????? ????????????? ????? ? [35] ?

????????????? ? ???????? ????????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ≪???????? ??? ???????≫? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?, ?? ???????? ?????? ? ??????????? ??? [36] ?

??????????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ????????????? ? ??????????????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ? [37] [38] ? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????????

???????????? ???????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????? ??????

????? ??????????????? ? ??? ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ???? ? ????????? ???????? ??????????????? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ???????? ? ??????????? [39] ? ???????????? ????? ?????? ??????????????? ???? ???? ?? ??????????????????????? ? ???? ??????????? ??????, ?????????????????? ?????? ???????

  • ???????????? ?????? ?????????????? ?????? ? ???????????? ???, ??????, ?? ???????, ????? ??????????????? ?????? ? ???? ??????? ???, ????? ??????? ?? ????? [40] ? ??????? ???????? ?????????????????? ??????? ? ???????????? ??? ???????? ????
  • ????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ??????????? ???????, ???? ???? ???????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ≪?????????????≫-? ????????? ? ???????? ???????????? ??????????
  • ?????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ?????????, ???? ?????????????
  • ??? ??????? ? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ? ???????????? ? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????????? ? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ???????, ??????????? ? ?? ????????????? ???????????? ???????? ????????? (??????????)?

???????????? ?????????, ????? ?????, ????????? ? ? ??????? ? ????? ??????? ????? ???, ?????? ?????????????? ? ?????? ??? ??????????? ? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ??????????????? [41] ?

????? ??????????????? ??? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ? ??????? ??????????????????? ≪???????????? ???????????≫ ???????? ????????????, ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ????, ???????? ???????? ???? , ??????? ? ???????????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? [42] ? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?, ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? [43] .

  1. ?????????????? ?????? ???????????????? ? ???????????? ????? (?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????????? ) [44]
  2. ?????????????? ?????? ????, ??? ?????????? ? ????? ????????????????? ? ???????? ???????? ?????????????? [45]

??? ??????????????????????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????????????.

  • ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????????
  • ??????????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????

????????? ????? ????????? ????? ? ????? [46] , ?? ???????????? ????? ???????? ?

  • ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????,
  • ???? ??? ????????????????? (??????? ???? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ???????? ?????, ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ????),
  • ????? (???????? ??????? ? ????????? ???, ???? ??????? ? ?????? ?????????),
  • ??????????????, ??? ????????????????

???????????? ????????? ????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????????? ?? ?? ??????, ?? ???????????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ??, ????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ??? ? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ????????????????? [47] ?

????? ? ????????? ?????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????? ? ?????? ??????? ??, ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???-??????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ????????, ????? ??? ??????, ?? ?? ????? ??? ? ????? ?????? ??????? ? ≪?????? ??????????? ??????????????≫ [48] ?

?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ???? ????????
?? ?????, ?? ????????, ?? ?????, ? ??????

???????????? ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?, ????? ???????????? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????????? , ???????? ? ????? ?????? ??????????

??? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ? ???? , ?????? ? ???????? ????????????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? , ?? ??????? ????????? ??????, ???? ????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ? ??????? ??????????

????????

????????? ?? ????????? ????????????, ?? ??? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????, ??????????????, ??????????? ? ??????????

????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ??????????? 5-?? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????

??? ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????, ???? ??? ?? ??????. ?????? ??? ????? ??????, ??? ????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????

??? ??????????? , ?????? ??? ?????? ? ?????????????? ???, ???????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????????????

?????? ????????? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ?

??????????? ? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? 20-?? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????????. ???????????, ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?? ≪?????? ?????? ????≫?

??????????? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ??????????, ????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ????????????? ??? ?????????

???????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?????????

?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ??, ?? ???????????? ? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? [49] ?

1888 ??????? ?????????? 19 -?? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ? ???????????? ?????? ????????? 350 ????????????? 21-? ????? ????????? ????, ????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? 18-???? ????? ???????? ?? ????????????? , ?? 5000 ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? [50] ?

???????????? ?????????? ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ?????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ????? 2013

???? ?????? ( ????. ? Miss World ), ???????? ?????????? ???????, ??????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????

???? ??????? ???????? ? ??? ???????????? 1951 ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? 2000 ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????, ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ? ????? ??? 200 ???????????

1959 ???????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????????, ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???????

1980 -???? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????????? ? ????????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ? ?????????????? ? ????????? ??? ?????????????

???? ????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ????? ???????

???? ????? ( ????. ? Miss Earth ), ???????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ???? ???? ??????, ??? ?????????? ? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? 6 ????????? ???????? ????????? ? ????????????? ?

???? ??????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ??????? ( ????. ? Miss Universe ), ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????, ???????????????? ???????????? ?????

1951 ???????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? Pacific Mills ??????????? Catalina ?????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????, ??? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???? 1952 ???????? Pacific Mills-? ????????? ???????? ?????????????? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????, ??? ?????? ≪???? ???????≫? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??????, ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ? ?????????????????? 1955 ????????? ????? 1971 ??????? ??? ????????? ? ??? -???, ??? 1972 ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ? ???????????

???? ??????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ??????????? , ??????????? 4-?? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ? ??????? ????????? ? ???????????? ???? ??? ????????? ????? 1967 ??????? ???????? ????????? ? ???? ??????, ??? 1968 ???????? ???????? ????? ? ????????? ???????????? ????? 70 ?????????

???????????? ??? ????????, ??? ?????? ? ??? ????? ???????????? ???, ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ???? ? ???????? ?????????????, ????????????????, ???? ? ????????? ?????????? ?????????

??????????? ???????????? ?????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????, ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ??????????????? ???????????, ????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ??, ??????, ????????????? ???? ????, ??? ??????? ?????????? ? ≪?????? ?????????≫ ???????? [51] ?

???????????? ????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

?????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

  1. ↑ Konstan, David (2014). Beauty - The Fortunes of an Ancient Greek Idea . New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 30?35.
  2. ↑ Matthew 23:27, Acts 3:10, Flavius Josephus, 12.65
  3. ↑ Euripides, Alcestis 515.
  4. ↑ Seife, Charles (2000). Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea . Penguin. ISBN 0-14-029647-6. p. 32
  5. ↑ Phaedrus
  6. ↑ Nicomachean Ethics
  7. ↑ Summa Theologica, Part 1, Question 39, Article 8
  8. ↑ Langlois, Judith H.; Roggman, Lori A. (1990). "Attractive Faces Are Only Average". Psychological Science . 1 (2): 115?121. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1990.tb00079.x.
  9. ↑ Strauss, M.S. (1979). "Abstraction of prototypical information by adults and 10-month-old infants." J. Exp. Psychol.: Human Learn. Mem. 5 , 618?632.
  10. ↑ Rhodes, G., Tremewan, T. (1997) Averageness, exaggeration, and facial attractiveness. Psychol. Sci. 7 , 105?110.
  11. ↑ Valentine, T., Darling, S., Donnelly, M. (2004). Why are average faces attractive? The effect of view and averageness on the attractiveness of the attractiveness of female faces. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 11 , 482?487
  12. ↑ Apicella, C.L., Little, A.C., Marlowe, F.W. (2007). "Facial averageness and attractiveness in an isolated population of hunter-gatherers." Perception 36 , 1813?1820.
  13. ↑ "Best Female Figure Not an Hourglass". Live Science . December 3, 2008. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  14. ↑ Locke, Susannah (June 22, 2014). "Did evolution really make men prefer women with hourglass figures?". Vox . Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  15. ↑ Begley, Sharon. "Hourglass Figures: We Take It All Back". Sharon Begley . Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  16. ↑ Weedon, Chris (December 6, 2007). "Key Issues in Postcolonial Feminism: A Western Perspective". Gender Forum Electronic Journal .
  17. ↑ DoCarmo (December 20, 2007). "Dr. DoCarmo's Notes on the Black Cultural Movement". Bucks County Community College.
  18. ↑ "Media & Eating Disorders". National Eating Disorders Association . 2017-10-05. Retrieved 2018-11-27.
  19. ↑ Jade, Deanne. "National Centre for Eating Disorders - The Media & Eating Disorders". National Centre for Eating Disorders . Retrieved 2018-11-27.
  20. ↑ "The New (And Impossible) Standards of Male Beauty". Paging Dr. NerdLove . 2015-01-26. Retrieved 2018-11-27.
  21. ↑ West, Cornel (1994). Race Matters . Vintage.
  22. ↑ "Shibboleth Authentication Request". search.proquest.com . Retrieved 2018-11-14.
  23. ↑ Shevde, Natasha. "All's Fair in Love and Cream: A Cultural Case Study of Fair & Lovely in India"(PDF). Advertising & Society Review . 9 : 1?9.
  24. ↑ Youth, Awaaz. "50 Shades of Colorism in India". infoweb.newsbank.com . Retrieved 2018-11-24.
  25. ↑ Sharon Begley (14 July 2009). "The Link Between Beauty and Grades". Newsweek . Archived from the original on April 20, 2010. Retrieved 2010-05-31.
  26. ↑ "Image survey reveals "perception is reality" when it comes to teenagers". multivu.prnewswire.com. Archived from the original on July 10, 2012.
  27. ↑ Lorenz, K. (2005). "Do pretty people earn more?". CNN News . Time Warner. Cable News Network.
  28. ↑ Daniel Hamermesh; Stephen J. Dubner (January 30, 2014). "Reasons to not be ugly: full transcript". Freakonomics . Archived from the original on March 1, 2014. Retrieved March 4, 2014.
  29. ↑ Gough, L. (2011). C. Northcote Parkinson's Parkinson's law. Oxford, U.K: Infinite Ideas Ltd. p. 36. ISBN 1283147378
  30. ↑ "NPNF1-02. St. Augustine's City of God and Christian Doctrine - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". www.ccel.org . Archived from the original on July 1, 2017. Retrieved May 1, 2018.
  31. ↑ Eco, Umberto (2004). On Beauty: A historyof a western idea . London: Secker & Warburg. ISBN 0436205173.
  32. ↑ Eco, Umberto (2007). On Ugliness . London: Harvill Secker. ISBN 9781846551222.
  33. ↑ Eco, Umberto (1980). The Name of the Rose . London: Vintage. p. 65. ISBN 9780099466031
  34. ↑ The Anti-Aesthetic: Essays on Postmodern Culture by Hal Foster
  35. ↑ The Will to Power .
  36. ↑ On the Beauty of Being Just
  37. ↑ Reber, Rolf; Schwarz, Norbert; Winkielman, Piotr (2004). "Processing fluency and aesthetic pleasure: is beauty in the perceiver's processing experience?"(PDF). Personality and Social Psychology Review . 8 (4): 364?382. doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0804_3. hdl:1956/594. ISSN 1088-8683. PMID 15582859.
  38. ↑ Armstrong, Thomas; Detweiler-Bedell, Brian (December 2008). "Beauty as an emotion: The exhilarating prospect of mastering a challenging world". Review of General Psychology . 12 (4): 305?329. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.406.1825. doi:10.1037/a0012558. ISSN 1939-1552.
  39. ↑ ???????? ???????????? ?????? ≪????? ????????????????≫
  40. ↑ Seife, Charles (2000). Zero: the biography of a dangerous idea . Penguin. ISBN 0-14-029647-6 . p. 32
  41. ↑ ???????? ????????? ???????????? (???), ????? 3
  42. ↑ ???????? ??? ???????????? ???????????. ? SLOVO, 2013. ? 440 с. ? ISBN 978-5-387-00570-1
  43. ↑ ???????????? ???????????... Там же. С. 50
  44. ↑ ???????????? ???????????... Там же. С. 61
  45. ↑ ???????????? ???????????... Там же. С. 72
  46. ↑ ???????????? ???????????... Там же. С. 88
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